Stories of Five Poets in Song Dynasty

Li Qingzhao was born in a scholar-bureaucrat family who loved literature and art. His father, Li, was a scholar, a student of Su Shi and a member of the official Li Department. He has a rich collection of books, is good at literature, and has written chapters. My mother is the granddaughter of the top scholar, and she is very cultured. Influenced by her family, especially her father Li, she was good at poetry and songs in her youth.

At the age of eighteen, Li Qingzhao married Zhao Mingcheng. After marriage, Qingzhao and her husband fell in love and were inseparable. "Husband is like a good friend." After marriage, Li Qingzhao and her former student Zhao Mingcheng studied epigraphy and calligraphy together and lived a happy and beautiful life. Zhao Fu was a famous politician at that time. After marriage, she devoted herself to the further study of literature and art and the collection and research of epigraphy. She and Zhao Mingcheng encouraged each other to create ci, and their techniques became more and more mature. One year on the Double Ninth Festival, Li Qingzhao wrote the famous "Drunken Flowers" and gave it to her husband who was an official outside: "The fog is thick and the clouds are always sad, and the brain sells golden beasts. Double Ninth Festival, lying in bed, in the middle of the night, the cold on my body has just been soaked. Dongli drinks until dusk, and faint chrysanthemum fragrance overflows his sleeves. Mo Tao does not forget me, the curtain rolls west wind, and people are thinner than yellow flowers. " The loneliness of the autumn boudoir and the melancholy of the boudoir are vividly on the paper. According to the record of the Cape Ring Record, Zhao Mingcheng was amazed and unwilling to give in after receiving it, so he closed the door and forgot to eat and sleep, and wrote fifty poems for three days and three nights. He incorporated this poem by Li Qingzhao into it and asked his friend Lu Defu to comment on it. Lu Defu played it over and over again and said, "Only three sentences are excellent." Zhao asked which three sentences it was, and Lu said, "It's not charming. The curtain rolls west, and people are thinner than yellow flowers."

However, the good times did not last long, and the struggle between the old and new parties in North Korea intensified. A pair of mandarin ducks are separated alive, and Zhao Li faces each other across the river, suffering from lovesickness. When Xin Qiji first came to the south, he didn't understand the cowardice and cowardice of the imperial court. In addition, Song Gaozong and Zhao Gou both praised his heroic behavior, and Song Xiaozong, who soon acceded to the throne, also showed the spirit of regaining lost ground and avenging. Therefore, in the first period of his tenure in the Southern Song Dynasty, he enthusiastically wrote many suggestions to resist the Northern Expedition of the Jin Dynasty, such as the famous Ten Treatises of Meiqin and Nine Treatises. Although these suggestions were praised and widely circulated at that time, the imperial court, which was unwilling to fight again, was indifferent. It was only interested in Xin Qiji's practical ability in the proposal, so it sent him to Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan and other places to hold important local offices to control famine and rectify public order. This is obviously quite different from Xin Qiji's ideal. Although he did a good job, he felt more and more depressed and miserable because he deeply felt that time was flying, life was short and his ambition was hard to pay.

However, the reality is harsh for Xin Qiji. Although he has outstanding talent, heroic and stubborn personality and persistent enthusiasm for the Northern Expedition, it is difficult for him to gain a foothold in the shrinking, smooth and jealous officialdom. He also realized that he was "just clumsy and confident, and he was not accepted by everyone for many years" ("On the Thief Zazi"), so he was ready to retire and built a garden pavilion by the lake in Shangrao, Jiangxi Province, so that he could settle down after leaving his job. Sure enough, in the winter of the eighth year of Xichun (1 18 1), when Xin Qiji was 42 years old, he was dismissed from office because of impeachment and returned to Shangrao. For the next 20 years, he spent most of his time in the countryside, except for being a prison and a peace messenger in Fujian every two years. When Liu Yong was in Renzong in the Northern Song Dynasty, there was a famous prostitute named Xie, who was beautiful and loved to sing Liu Yong's ci. Liu Yongcai is too arrogant. He hates Injong and can't be reused. He won the imperial examination and was killed in Yuhang County. Passing Jiangzhou, I went to the prostitute's house as usual and met Xie. I saw a book "Liu Qixin Ci" in her study, which she copied in small letters. So, when she saw it and knew it, she was compatible with it. When leaving, Liu Yong wrote down new words, saying that he would never change his mind, while Xie vowed to close the door and wait for Liu Lang.

Liu Yong worked in Yuhang for three years and made many famous prostitutes in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, but he never forgot to thank him. Ren Man returned to Beijing and met her in Jiangzhou. I don't want Yu Ying to meet new guests and go drinking with others. Liu Yong was very disappointed. He wrote a poem on the flower wall, describing the love scene three years ago and expressing his unhappiness in standing up today. Finally, he said, "I heard that Song Yu of Lantai is versatile and gifted. How can I go all day? "

Xie came back to see Liu Yongci, sighing that he is really an affectionate wit. Ashamed of not keeping his former alliance, he sold his furniture and rushed to Tokyo to find Liu Yong. After many twists and turns, Xie found Liu Yong in the home of Master Chen, a famous prostitute in Tokyo. Reunion after a long separation, all kinds of feelings are hard to tell, and the two will get back together. Xie stayed at Teacher Chen's East Campus and lived with Liu Yongru.

Later, Liu Yong made rude remarks and offended court officials. Injong has just dismissed his post as foreign minister. The Oracle said, "Minister in white, write lyrics before the wind and under the moon." From then on, he changed his name to Liu Sanbian and went in and out of famous prostitutes' flower houses. All the food and clothing are provided by famous prostitutes, and they all beg him to give them a word to improve their social status. He is also happy to wander around the famous prostitutes' homes and write lyrics, calling himself "Liu Sanbian who was ordered to write lyrics".

Liu Yong indulged in debauchery for many years, physically and mentally hurt, and died in the home of Zhao Xiangxiang, a famous prostitute. He had neither family nor property, and no one asked him after his death. A group of famous prostitutes, such as Xie and Chen Shishi, saw his talent and infatuation and collected some money for his burial. Xie had planned to marry him and put on heavy mourning clothes for him, and all the existing prostitutes mourned for him. At the funeral, all the prostitutes in Tokyo came and half the city mourned. This is the story of "alloy burial of Liu Qi and prostitutes".

Xie was sad for Liu Lang and died two months later. Miss Chen and others miss her and bury her next to Liu Yong's tomb. Yan Shu lived a rich and carefree life, and most of his works were sung in the dance pavilion and under the moon. However, his writing style was leisurely and graceful, his reasoning was profound, his temperament was harmonious, and his dictionary was elegant, which made him a hermit in the ci world at that time and enjoyed a high position in the literary world of the Northern Song Dynasty. He is good at poetry, writing and writing.

On one occasion, Yan Shu passed by Yangzhou, and when he was tired of walking in the city, he went to daming temple to have a rest. Yan Shu walked into the temple and saw many poems written on the wall. He was very interested, so he found a chair and sat down. Then, ask the entourage to read him poems on the wall, but don't read out the poet's name and identity. After listening for a while, Yan Shu thought a poem was well written and asked, "Who wrote it?" The waiter replied, "The poet's name is Wang Qi." Yan Shu sent someone to find the British authority. Wang Qi was called to visit Yan Shu. Yan Shu got along well with him and invited him to dinner happily. After dinner, they went for a walk in the back garden together. It's late spring, and there are fallen flowers everywhere. A breeze blew, and the petals fluttered with the wind, which was very beautiful. When Yan Shu saw it, she suddenly touched his heart and couldn't help saying to Wang Qi, "Miss Wang, whenever I think of a good sentence, I will write it on the wall and ponder the next one. But there is a saying that I have been thinking about for several years and I have not come up with a good one. "

Wang Qi quickly asked, "Please tell me what this sentence is?"

Yan Shu read a sentence: "There is nothing to do;

Hearing this, Wang Qi immediately said, "Why didn't you answer:' I used to know Yan?' "

The next sentence means that the weather is getting warmer and the swallows are flying back from the south. It seems that these swallows met last year.

Yan Shu clapped her hands and applauded, saying, "Wonderful, wonderful, wonderful!" "

Wang Qi's next sentence is really good. Like the previous sentence, it is all spring scenery. Bringing "The Return of Yan" to "Flowers Falling" with "deja vu" is just right, clean and ingenious. The tone of these two sentences is just flat, relative and very harmonious.

Yan Shu likes these two sentences very much. He wrote a poem "Huanxisha" and used this pair.

Joint language:

A new word, a glass of wine,

The weather was bad last year.

When will the sunset come back?

There is nothing to do. Flowers fall,

Deja vu, Yan returns.

Wandering alone in the small garden, fragrant path.

The author of this word was drinking in the garden. When he saw flowers all over the ground, he was very sad. Although the emotional appeal of the text is not too high, there are certain artistic merits in writing scenes and scenes. Yan Shu likes those two sentences very much: "I can't help it, but I feel that Yan's return is deja vu." Later, he used them again in a seven-character poem. This is still rare in China's ancient poems.

Su Dongpo read some books when he was a teenager, and was often praised by teachers for his cleverness. Quite conceited, I posted a couplet at my door: "Know the words of the world and read the books of the world." Su Shi, Su Shi, do you know how many words there are in the world? Do human books have geometry? China has been up and down for thousands of years, how many dynasties and generations, and how many ancient characters are there? Millions of square kilometers, 56 nationalities, how many languages and scripts are there? Do people who know all the people in the world dare to pretend to know all the people in the world? His mother Shi Cheng (an old man) criticized Su Shi when she came back, so Su Shi changed the couplet to "I am determined to read all the books in the world" to encourage myself. When Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou, there was a famous jingle in Pork Fu: "Huangzhou is a good pork, but the price is worthless. The rich refuse to eat, and the poor don't know how to cook. Slow down the fire, less water, and it will look good when the fire is full. Get up and play a bowl every day, and you are too full to care. " Here, "slow fire, less water, good-looking after enough fire" is the famous Dongpo meat cooking method. Su Dongpo was later appointed as the governor of Hangzhou, building Su Causeway and building water conservancy projects, which was deeply loved by the people. And this "Dongpo Meat" followed closely, and became famous in Hangzhou, becoming a famous local dish. Su Shi lives in Changzhou. He spent his last savings and bought a house. He is preparing to move in another day. By chance, he heard an old woman crying very sadly. He asked the old woman why she was crying. The old woman said that she had a house that had been handed down for a hundred years and was sold by unfilial descendants. She cried very sadly. Looking carefully, it turns out that the house that Su Shi bought is the ancestral home that the old woman said. So Su Shi said to her, "I sold Yi's former residence, so there is no need to feel deeply distressed. Now it's time to return the house to Yi. " Su Shi immediately burned the deed and rented a house. (See Zhou's "Liang Manzhi")

5, poetry to eat

When Su Shi was twenty years old, he went to Beijing for scientific research. Six conceited juren looked down on him and decided to invite Su Shi to dinner for the next dish, intending to Doby him. Su Shi went with pleasure after receiving the invitation. Before the chopsticks are moved, everyone puts forward a drinking order. The content of the drinking order must quote historical figures and events, so that you can eat a dish by yourself. The other five people cheered. "I'll go first." The elder said, "Jiang Ziya is fishing in Weishui!" Then I took a plate of fish. "Qin Changan sells horses!" The second one proudly took the horse meat away. "To Tu Thanh is herding sheep in Beihu Lake!" The third man took the mutton without weakness. "Zhang Yide Zhuoxian sells meat!" The fourth reached out and barbecued. "Guan Yunchang Jingzhou scraping bones!" The fifth one couldn't wait to take the bone. "Zhuge Liang grows vegetables in Longzhong!" The sixth proudly picked up the last green vegetable. When all the dishes were served and six juren were happily preparing to laugh at Su Shi while eating, Su Shi unhurriedly sang "Qin Shihuang annexed six countries!" "Say that finish, he put all six dishes in front of him and said with a smile," Brothers, please! " Six juren stupefied.