Hunchun Outing -

The long-awaited Hunchun outing for several of our families finally took place, but there were still a few people missing and we couldn’t do it together. We took the high-speed train at around 9 a.m. and arrived at the beautiful port city of Hunchun on time three hours later.

?In spring in the north, the temperature is still not high at this time. The trees on the mountains on both sides of the road are green but not dense. When we got out of the high-speed rail station, there were friends waiting for us to pick us up. We breathed in the different air, away from the hustle and bustle, and felt that the city was so peaceful.

At noon, we went to the famous Sunflower Hotel in Hunchun City for lunch. After a relaxing meal, we took a bus to the Fuhe Port. The Quanhe Port is now the China-North Korea International Passenger and Freight Road Transport Port. It is 36 kilometers away from the Tumen River estuary, 42 kilometers away from Hunchun City, and 51 kilometers away from Luojin, North Korea. Opposite is the North Korea Yuanting Port, connecting the Quanhe Port and Yuan Dynasty. The cross-border highway bridge at Dinh Port was built in 1936 and is an important channel for China to connect North Korea's Rason Economic and Trade Zone.

The Hunchun Quanhe Port is a port to North Korea bounded by the Tumen River. It corresponds to the Yuantingli Port in the Rason City Free Economic and Trade Zone of North Korea. The port is 39 kilometers away from the urban area. It is 48 kilometers away from Rajin Port in North Korea and is the only direct connection between China and Rason City in North Korea. To the south is the famous Fangchuan Scenic Area, "Looking at the Three Kingdoms at a Glance".

At the Pihe Port, we came to the cross-border highway bridge. Because it was closed today, there were very few tourists. People standing on the bridge seemed to be blown away by the strong wind. Looking at the words on the boundary marker, I really feel a little uncomfortable that we are already on the national border.

Leaving the Pihe Port, we came to Fangchuan Scenic Area. According to the introduction of the local friends who accompanied us, we learned about the history of Fangchuan.

The national-level scenic spot Fangchuan Scenic Area is located at the junction of China, North Korea and Russia, covering an area of ??20 square kilometers. It crosses rivers and seas, and is surrounded by mountains and rivers. Since ancient times, it has been said that "cocks crow and dogs bark in the Three Kingdoms" It is known as "Shocking the Three Frontiers". To the east of Fangchuan is the Russian border road station Baodgornaya, which is less than 2 kilometers away from the Sea of ??Japan, and the Sea of ??Japan is clearly visible.

? These two cities in Russia and North Korea are connected by a railway bridge on the Tumen River, which is the only link connecting Russia and North Korea's overland trade.

Going down the Tumen River from Fangchuan, you will enter the Sea of ??Japan 15 kilometers away, which can become the "Maritime Silk Road" and "European Silk Road" for trade between China, Russia, Japan, the Korean Peninsula and even Northeast Asian countries and regions. Asia Continental Bridge”. It is only 15 kilometers from here to the mouth of the Tumen River. You can overlook the Sea of ??Japan in the distance. Climb the watchtower on the nearby mountain. The misty Sea of ??Japan in the distance connects to the sky. According to the people of Fangchuan, this is the place to "see three things with your eyes". The landscape of Xinjiang’s mountains and rivers, I can hear the crowing of cocks and the barking of dogs in the Three Kingdoms.” Climbing up to the Longhu Pavilion and looking into the distance, what rises in my heart is the awe of the mountains and rivers of the motherland!

In Longhu Pavilion, we learned about the history of Fangchuan in detail.

? Hunchun comes from the Jurchen language, which means "borderland", while Fangchuan means the edge of "borderland". In terms of geographical distance, this is the closest point from China to Russia, the east coast of North Korea, the west coast of Japan, and North America and Northern Europe. It is only 16 kilometers from Fangchuan along the Tumen River to the Port of Pochet in Russia, 180 kilometers from Vladivostok, and only 800 kilometers from the Port of Niigata in Japan.

?Fangchuan is located in such a special geographical location. In the ups and downs of history, Fangchuan has witnessed too much prosperity and humiliation, and recorded too many vicissitudes and sorrows.

According to historical records, during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Fangchuan was the world-famous "Japan Maritime Silk Road". The economic culture, folk customs and religion of the Tang Dynasty were spread to Japan, which promoted economic and cultural exchanges and friendship between the two peoples. In the late 16th century, Tsarist Russia crossed the Ural Mountains and invaded the Heilongjiang Basin, but was defeated by the Qing army. After that, the two countries formally signed the first boundary treaty, the Treaty of Nerchinsk, after negotiations.

In the mid-18th century, while the British and French allied forces launched the Second Opium War, Tsarist Russia also took advantage of the situation and sent troops again, seizing large areas of land in the Heilongjiang River Basin, and forcing the Qing government to sign the Sino-Russian Aihun Treaty, which was humiliating and humiliating. He also coerced the Qing government to sign the "Sino-Russian Treaty of Beijing". These two treaties plundered more than 1 million square kilometers of land north of Heilongjiang, south of the Waixing'an Mountains, and east of the Ussuri River, including Sakhalin Island. They also cut off China's territorial waters and turned Jilin into an offshore Recently, there are no maritime provinces. It is closest to the sea, but it is inland. This is the tragedy of history. There is a "earth sign" under the watchtower. It is one of the national boundary markers between China and Russia, and is also the starting point of the Sino-Russian border. In 1886 AD, the Qing government sent Wu Dacheng, the left deputy censor of the Metropolitan Procuratorate, to negotiate with Russia and establish this "local sign." The "Tu Zi Pai" is 1.44 meters high, 0.5 meters wide and 0.22 meters thick. Its texture is granite. On the side facing China, there are three characters "Tu Zi Pai" vertically engraved in the middle, and on the left side there are the words "Li Li in April of the twelfth year of Guangxu". The Russian side is engraved with the Russian "T". There are not many words on the "Tu Zi Pai", but the history of the rise and fall of the Chinese nation is deeply engraved in it. According to folklore, after Wu Dacheng negotiated with Russia, several Qing soldiers who were responsible for erecting the boundary monument were drunk (some say they were addicted to opium) and carried the boundary monument to Fangchuan and no longer bothered to go further. step. In this way, although the East China Sea is close at hand, the boundary monument blocks our way out. What is left to today's people is not only the bitterness of the corrupt system of the Qing government, but also the helplessness of hope.

? From Hunchun to Fangchuan, there is a section of road so narrow that only the highway is our territory. This section of road is called Yangguanping Embankment. The road is actually the embankment of the Tumen River. The south side of the road is the Tumen River, and the bank is blocked by barbed wire. Under the highway embankment on the land side to the north, another barbed wire fence runs alongside the highway. On the other side of the barbed wire fence is Russian territory. When driving past, you can see a sign saying "Climbing the Border is Strictly Prohibited" hanging on the barbed wire fence.

Historically, Fangchuan was once isolated with only two "narrow areas" between overseas and the mainland. In 1957, the narrowest section of Yangguanping was cut off by the Tumen River. Chinese citizens borrowed the territory of the former Soviet Union to enter and exit the area for a long time, and the Fangchuan area became an "enclave" of our country. On August 8, 1983, the Yanguanpingdi Road filled with bluestone in the Tumen River was opened to traffic. Only then did this "enclave" have its own passage. In 1992, the government invested in the construction of Yangguanping Levee.

? Speaking of Tuzipai, we must first talk about a man named Wu Dacheng. Wu Dacheng is one of the few officials worthy of praise in modern Chinese history. In 1860, an unequal treaty allowed Tsarist Russia to seize more than 400,000 square kilometers of land east of the Ussuri River from the mouth of the Tumen River to the mouth of the Heilongjiang River and all the long coastline along the Sea of ??Japan. However, in that era when weak countries had no diplomacy, there were still some patriots who fought hard for the interests of the country and the nation, and Wu Dacheng was one of them. In 1886, Wu Dacheng, the Minister of Supervision and Border Affairs of the Qing Dynasty, the left deputy governor of the Supervisory Council, and the famous epigrapher, was ordered by the Qing court to come here to survey the border. Through on-site investigation, he found that according to the 1860 Sino-Russian Treaty of Beijing, after the Qing court ceded a large area of ??land in the Northeast, the border here should be 20 miles away from the mouth of the Tumen River. However, when the boundary monument was erected in 1861, Russia erected it without permission on Shacao Peak, 45 miles away from the mouth of the Tumen River. So Wu argued with Tsarist Russia, and Tsarist Russia agreed to move the boundary sign 15 miles south, which is to its current location. Wu Dacheng's awe-inspiring struggle finally won back Heidingzi (today's Jingxin Town) for his country and China's navigation rights in the Russian-Korean border section of the Tumen River. This is the origin of the earth-character plaque. The earth-shaped stele is 1.44 meters high, 0.5 meters wide and 0.22 meters thick. It is made of granite. On our side of the stele, there are three big characters "Tu Zi Pai" vertically engraved on it, and on the left side there are eight small characters "Erected in April of the twelfth year of Guangxu" vertically engraved on it. On the Russian side, a "T" is engraved vertically. ”

According to historical records, during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Fangchuan was the world-famous “Japan Maritime Silk Road”.

The economic culture, folk customs and religion of the Tang Dynasty were spread to Japan, which promoted economic and cultural exchanges and friendship between the two peoples. In the late 16th century, Tsarist Russia crossed the Ural Mountains and invaded the Heilongjiang Basin, but was defeated by the Qing army. After that, the two countries formally signed the first boundary treaty, the Treaty of Nerchinsk, after negotiations.

?In the mid-19th century, while the British and French allied forces launched the Second Opium War, Tsarist Russia also took advantage of the situation and sent troops again, seizing large tracts of land in the Heilongjiang River Basin, and forcing the Qing government to sign the "China-Russia Treaty" that was a loss of power and humiliation to the country. Treaty of Aihun, and then forced the Qing government to sign the Treaty of Beijing between China and Russia. These two treaties plundered more than 1 million square kilometers of land north of Heilongjiang, south of the Waixing'an Mountains, and east of the Ussuri River, including Sakhalin Island. They also cut off China's territorial waters and turned Jilin into an offshore Recently, there is no sea area in the inland province.

? In the southernmost part of the plundered land, Tsarist Russia designated a section of about fifteen kilometers on the north bank of the Tumen River estuary as its own. In this way, the land and sea at the eastern end of the Qing Dynasty lost contact. Fangchuan is located within fifteen kilometers of the north coast occupied by Russia. It is an enclave, also known as Fangchuan Island. It is a rare isolated land island in the world. When Chinese people enter and leave this enclave by land, they have to take the road along the river in Tsarist Russia. In the early 1970s, the section along the river leading to Fangchuan was washed away by the river. The state invested nearly 10 million yuan to build a dam in the bay of the river, with a total length of nearly one kilometer, named Yangguan Ping Dam. This dike replaced the original road section along the river. In this way, China once and for all solved the problem of entering and leaving Fangchuan by land.

? Facing the great rivers and mountains of the motherland, I feel deep in my heart. As for the country, every inch of it must be fought for! The great rivers and mountains that belong to us can only be looked at in despair!

? What shocked me the most during this trip to Hunchun was that I knew very little about history and the present! Living in Jilin Province, I didn’t know that Hunchun had such a dignified history and was of such great economic significance! Only now do I understand what a border town is. I don’t know when Jilin’s seaport will be opened? Only when a country is strong can it avoid being bullied. As Chinese people, we must remember history. Without a country, there is no home! The biggest invader around us is actually Russia! ! !