Background information of junior two texts

Commonly known as gongs and drums hall. At the foot of Jinjia Mountain in Moganshan. There is a spring that is particularly clear and poured on the swing, and reeds are born in the swing, hence the name. Bamboo is widely planted around and all over the garden. Summer is quiet and cool, which is very suitable for cooling off.

Works:

Text discussion

First, the overall grasp

1. Perceive the heroic character of the elderly.

The heroic character of the old man is first manifested in his patriotism and anti-Japanese enthusiasm, as well as his spirit of being old and strong. The old man is nearly sixty years old. He is as thin as an old osprey without much meat. It is supposed that he should spend his old age in the home front, but he is as energetic and fearless as a young man. Under the tight blockade of the enemy, he haunted the reed pond and became a heroic traffic policeman with outstanding achievements. "That charred face, short white beard, but special spirit, those deep-set eyes are particularly bright", this is the image of an old anti-Japanese hero. His patriotic enthusiasm is so high that "you can rely on me to do anything" is his brave words. He is willing to devote himself to the national war of resistance and is full of confidence. He is surprisingly brave. He ran around inside and out, transporting food and grass, escorting cadres, and going in and out under the eyes of the enemy. He is "like an innocent man" and has a leisurely mood. He "makes up something that makes himself happy and makes others happy". This is not only because he is familiar with the geographical environment of Baiyangdian Lake, but also because he is brave, despising the enemy and fearless. The old man was able to break through the enemy blockade and played an important role in the struggle of the Tang Wei team.

The old man's heroic character is also reflected in his strong love-hate relationship. He is so affectionate to his homeland, his compatriots and the anti-Japanese team, and he is full of hatred for the Japanese aggressors. The old man loves his two children so much, which is a affection for his compatriots. He said to the high commander, "They wounded you and shed so much blood. Tomorrow I will let all ten of them shed some blood." He loved them deeply and gnashed his teeth, asking the devil to pay off his blood debt with ten times his blood. In the minds of the elderly, we in China are the masters of Baiyangdian Lake. He is full of affection for this country and hatred for the invaders.

The heroic character of the old man is also manifested in his overconfidence and self-esteem. He is full of self-confidence. This time the girl was injured, he felt "ashamed" and "ashamed". This pride contains a very strong sense of responsibility. He is strict with himself, almost harsh, and occasionally makes mistakes. He was so miserable that he felt ashamed.

The heroic character of the old man is also reflected in his heroic behavior of both wisdom and courage. The old man hit a dozen devils on the head with a bamboo pole, which was a trick. He tied a sharp hook to the dead wood stake, put a big bundle of fresh lotus on the bow, lured the devil to the waters of the dead wood stake, and let the hook bite the devil, making him unable to move. He was beaten, and the devil who bared his teeth became a trapped beast in front of him.

2. Further, we can feel that the people of China are invincible and the people of China are heroic.

This novel is mainly about an old hero. It also shows us the characteristics of heroes and teenagers, and reminds us of the team that insisted on the war of resistance in Tang Wei. From Tang Wei's songs, we can imagine that they are brave, optimistic and high-spirited. Reading this novel, we can feel that men, women and children are moving in the anti-Japanese base areas behind enemy lines. The heroic people of China are invincible.

3. Describe the unique people and environment.

This novel is very distinctive in its description of characters and environment. The characters are vivid and legendary. For example, write about the sinister environment at the beginning of the article, and then write about the performance of the elderly. At the end of the article, the old man's determination was written as an incredible "big talk", and then he wrote his heroic behavior of winning by surprise. Stubborn personality, strange plot, legendary interest.

The description of the environment is poetic, full of water flavor, elegant and meaningful.

Second, the problem research

1. Probe into the difficulties of characters: How to understand the word "too" in the sentence "the old man is too confident and too self-respecting"?

"Too much" means a lot. The old man has strong self-confidence and self-esteem. On the other hand, it does mean too much. The reason why the big girl was injured was related to his overconfidence and carelessness. The little girl washes her face, and the older girl is more alert, but the old man says, "Don't be afraid, wash it", and there is a noise when washing her face. The old man thought that the searchlight on the small steamboat couldn't shine on them, but in fact the searchlight shone on the faces of the two girls, which was white. These are all manifestations of his overconfidence and paralysis.

"Overconfidence and self-esteem" is the core of the old man's character, from which all his merits and demerits are born.

2. Exploring the art of characterization: How does this novel render the legend of the old hero?

The author uses strong contrast to render the legend of the old hero. On the one hand, the conditions are written, and the enemy's surveillance and blockade are very strict. The old hero is nearly 60 years old, thin and without a gun. On the other hand, write about the spirit and achievements of old heroes. Spirit, so carefree, so confident; Performance, is to make the enemy blockade a complete failure, to ensure that the team get sufficient supplies in Tang Wei. The huge contrast between the two aspects makes the old hero look very remarkable and legendary.

The article focuses on a "heroic act", which is more legendary. The author mainly uses two methods to render.

First, use the girl's suspicion as a foil. Here is a dialogue. The old man said, "I'll tell them ten people are bleeding tomorrow." Later, he said, "Wait until dawn, and you will know." He has a well-thought-out plan, but the girl has repeatedly expressed doubts. She didn't answer at first, thinking that the old man was just being cruel, and then expressed her doubts in the words of the little girl: "You are so old, can you still fight?" The writing of doubt, as a foil, shows the wonder of the heroic behavior of the old man.

Then, in the narrative process, only write what it is, not why, so that readers can recall why it is, making the legend more intense. The old hero set a trap for the devil to get in. He tied the hook in advance, came up with the idea of luring the devil with lotus flowers, and mastered the law of the devil's activities. The author doesn't write this, but only talks about Japanese bathing. He wrote that there was a big bundle of lotus leaves on the old man's boat. He just peeled the lotus leaves and ate them, but didn't write his intentions. He wrote that the boat came to the Japanese, turned around and turned back, but he didn't write why the old man's boat turned around like this. In fact, it is to lead the Japanese into a trap. This meaning can only be understood after aftertaste. Into the waters with wooden stakes, let alone countless hooks on the stakes, just write that the boat is spinning around the devil, and the devil is playing hide-and-seek, and then write that the devil is spinning like this, all bitten by hooks. When I understand it, the more I think about it, the more I feel that this heroic act is legendary. A skinny old man, unarmed and alone, can beat a dozen devils in his hand and kill them. He is really a legendary hero.

Practice note

First, read the full text, retell the story and discuss the following two questions.

1. The enemy kept a close eye on Tang Wei. However, "every evening, the songs in Tang Wei are still so loud". What association and imagination does this loud song evoke in you? Can you think of battle songs in other literary works?

2. What content in the text shows the old people's "overconfidence and self-esteem" character? What role does this sentence play in the full text?

This question requires reading and retelling to grasp the content of the text as a whole. The first question is to grasp a sentence, expand imagination and association, and understand the meaning of the sentence. The second small question captures the core of the old man's ideological character and makes a concrete analysis. This topic includes reading training, oral training, content discussion, imagination and association training.

1. Tip: You can imagine the mood of soldiers and all aspects of soldiers and troops by singing. Specifically, there are old heroes who constantly send daily necessities, providing strong support and adequate supplies. The soldiers are strong and confident. At night, the soldiers sang loudly. Singing is a heavy blow to the enemy.

Associating the war songs in other literary works, we can recall the literary works we have read in and out of class, and the answers are not consistent.

2. The old man's character of "overconfidence and self-esteem" runs through the whole article. He said to the responsible comrades in Tang Wei, "You depend on me for everything, and I depend on my water supply and all insurance capabilities for everything", which fully showed his "overconfidence and self-esteem".

It is very dangerous to cross the enemy's blockade, and the old man's "every night, on the water tightly blocked by the enemy, like an innocent person, supports the boat according to his leisurely mood of going out early and returning late to fish and cast nets, making up things that make himself happy and others happy" fully shows his "overconfidence and self-esteem".

Send two girls to reed pond. The old man thinks there is nothing wrong. Let's have a good sleep. The little girl washed her face and the old man asked her to wash it. When the searchlight of the Japanese steamboat came, he was still "not afraid" and thought that he "could not see us". He is still "not afraid" of the Japanese shooting machine guns and thinks that "he can't hit us". We have to say that he is a little careless, which is overconfident. The big girl was injured and bled. This time, the task was not completed. He felt ashamed and ashamed to see the army. He's too proud.

The old man made a determined effort to get back the blood debt for the big girl. He promised the two girls. He played with the devil in the palm of his hand, lured the devil to take the bait, raised the pole, and severely hit the devil on the head, so that he got back his blood debt and recovered his self-esteem. This heroic act shows that he is always very confident and self-respecting.

The sentence "overconfidence and self-esteem" points out the core of the old hero's character. This sentence means not only very confident and self-esteem, but also too confident and self-esteem. The plot of the full text and all the merits and demerits of the old hero are born from this.

Secondly, there is a passage in the article that describes the old man's feelings of regret, guilt and self-blame for not completing the task smoothly. Please find this passage, appreciate it carefully, and then write Erling's psychological activities when she witnessed the heroic behavior of the old man the next day.

This topic guides students to read two fragments, savor them carefully in reading and expand their imagination in reading.

A passage describing the psychological activities of the elderly is: "A sound like an arrow from the string shoots through the old man's heart. He couldn't explain: how many rivers and seas he crossed, and why he didn't finish the task this time? I have no children. How lovely these two children are! Usually talk big, this time I went in with a flower-hanging person. How can I speak? This old face! " The old man is very confident and self-respecting, and he has a strong sense of responsibility. He believes that only when 100% completes the task can he fulfill his responsibilities. Listening to the groans of the injured big girl and the words of the little girl, the old man was in great pain. "A sound is like an arrow leaving the string, shooting through the old man's heart." He blamed himself for the big girl's injury and bleeding. He was extremely sad and guilty. He loves these two children too much. The children are hurt and bleeding, and his heart is hurt and bleeding. He strongly blamed himself. He felt that his commitment to the army was empty. He felt that his mistakes had brought him great shame and made him ashamed to see the troops. Strong self-esteem made him feel ashamed.

Erling witnessed the heroic behavior of the old man. She thought that what the old comrade said yesterday was not empty talk. She really looks down on this old comrade. Although he is so old, he is really an old hero! Look at him. Facing a dozen demons, he is fearless. I didn't expect him to be resourceful. He put a big bundle of lotus flowers on the bow and peeled them to eat, tempting the devil. His sailing skills are amazing, as if he were leading the devil by the nose. Why don't the devil dare to move when he is hovering in the water? How can a stream of blood come out? How did the devil bleed before the old comrades did it? There must be some mechanism underwater. He is really something. It turns out that he really has his skills. Without a gun, one person can deal with a dozen devils, and the devils are only beaten and have no strength to fight back. The old hero played well and played hard! Tell them that the revenge for breaking their orders has been reported. Go back and tell the elder, let her know the story of this hero, let her recover as soon as possible, learn from the old hero and defeat the Japanese devils.

Thirdly, there are many picturesque scenery descriptions in the article, such as "the moonlit night is clear and windy ... like a reed leaf, floating to the southeast" and "a bent moon floating in the water-like sky". Find out and copy it, appreciate it carefully, and then write a few words to describe the scenery in your hometown.

This topic studies the description of scenery. Sun Li's description of the scenery is very distinctive. If you extract it and ponder it carefully, you can appreciate the wisdom of this description and improve your descriptive ability.

At night, the enemy stared at the big reed pond in the dark from the small window of the turret, and the stars in the sky wanted to fall like they were immersed in water. Late at night, waterfowl fly and sing in the reed pond. During the day, they hide in their nests to avoid gunfire. The reed is still trying so hard to drill up, and the goal seems to be the sky.

(2) On a clear and windy night, if people's eyes are sharper, they can see a boat coming out of the reed pond and sailing southeast like reed leaves in the lake.

(3) The curved and drooping moon floats in the sky like water.

(4) The moon has set, and there is some rustling wind in the reed pond after midnight.

At noon the next day, the weather was very sultry. On the day of a red sun, a layer of smoke floated on the water.

There is no figure in the lake, only a group of white silky waterfowl, which also fly north away from the devil and fall under the big lotus leaf to enjoy the cool.

The level here is like a mirror, the blue sky is clear, and slender aquatic plants float gently on the bottom of the water.

There, fresh reed flowers and unfolded purple velvet are floating in the wind.

Teaching suggestion

First of all, we should appreciate the legend of this heroic story.

This heroic story is characterized by legend. Whether understanding the content or trying to figure out the writing style, only by grasping this feature can we stimulate interest and understand thoroughly. Nearly 60 years old, as usual, the pension, but our old hero elusive, countless times through the Japanese blockade, to ensure the supply of troops in Tang Wei, to ensure the combat effectiveness of the troops. This is the legend. The old hero, unarmed and alone, killed a dozen devils. This is even more legendary. The introduction of reading teaching can be designed from the perspective of "legend"

Second, we should pay attention to trying to figure out the scenery description.

Ask the students to find out the sentences describing the scenery, carefully consider one or two examples and understand the beauty of this description. For example, write a sentence about reed: "reed is still trying so hard to drill upwards, and the goal seems to be the sky." We can think about two questions: Why write that reeds grow tall? How to describe reeds growing tall? Only in this way can we understand when to describe the scenery and how to write it.

related data

I introduction of the author (Guo Zhigang)

Modern novelist and essayist Sun Li. Anping County, Hebei Province. 1965438+ was born on April 6, 2003. 12 years old, when he was in elementary school in Chengcheng, Anguo County, he began to contact the May 4th New Literature. Lu Xun and the Literature Research Association had a great influence on him. He has always believed that art is the idea of life. Sun Li 14 years old was admitted to Baoding Yude Middle School. During his study, he began to read social sciences, literary theory works and some Soviet literary works, which broadened his horizons and laid a good foundation for later creation and criticism. After graduating from high school, he was unable to pursue further studies, wandering in Beiping, studying in the library or going to college, and once published an article in Ta Kung Pao under the pseudonym "Yunfu". He also worked as a clerk in municipal organs and primary schools. 1936 After the summer vacation, Sun Li went to teach in a primary school in Anxin County, Hebei Province, where he got a preliminary understanding of the life of Baiyangdian people. 1937 after the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he was mainly engaged in revolutionary cultural work in Jizhong district, which was led by the production party of China. He published revolutionary poems, copied the Song of Haiyan, and published papers such as Realistic Literature and Lu Xun in Red Star magazine and Jizhong Herald. /kloc-0 taught in the Anti-Japanese War College run by Jizhong District in the autumn of 1938,/kloc-0 was transferred to Fuping in the spring of 1939 to work in Jinchaji News Agency. Since then, he has worked as an editor and teacher in Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Federation of Literary and Art Circles, Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Daily and North China United University, and at the same time, he has created literature. 194 1 Back to Jizhong District, he participated in editing a large-scale mass reportage collection "A Day in Jizhong" and wrote it as a literary writing textbook for the district, village and company (later renamed "Introduction to Writing" and "Literature Learning" and reprinted it many times). From 65438 to 0944, he went to Yan 'an and worked part-time at Lu Xun College of Literature and Art.. In Yan 'an, he published Lotus Lake, Luhuadang and other works, which attracted the attention of literary and art circles with his fresh artistic style. 1945 after War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, he returned to rural areas in central Hebei to write until liberation. During this period, he participated in the land reform and wrote short stories such as Zhong, Bei, Zhu and some essays.

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Sun Li worked in Tianjin Daily and continued his literary creation. The novel The Story of the Wind and Cloud was written in the early 1950s. With two villages along the Hutuo River as the background, and around the life history of Gao, Wu, Tian and Jiang in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, it outlines the living conditions and mental outlook of all social strata in the Central Hebei Plain in detail, and shows the magnificent picture of the people in Central Hebei organizing people's armed forces and establishing anti-Japanese base areas under the leadership of China's * * production party after the July 7th Incident. The author describes the changes in the anti-Japanese base areas with a calm attitude of talking and laughing, although the language is humorous but not frivolous. The novella The Prequel to Tiemu was written on 1956. Through the process of establishing and breaking the friendship between iron (craftsman) and wood (craftsman) for more than ten years, the novel reveals the profound influence of the lifestyle and agricultural cooperative movement in northern rural areas in the early 1950s on rural society. The work successfully created Xiao Maner, a character with contradictory personality at the crossroads of life, which left a deep impression on readers. After 1956, the author stopped writing for a long time because of illness, but he found and trained many young writers with the supplement of Tianjin Daily and Literature Weekly. During this period, he also wrote a collection of essays, a collection of essays and a short literary essay.

Sun Li's collection of works before and at the beginning of liberation is "Chronicle of Baiyangdian" (1958), which is the author's most famous collection of novels and essays and best represents his creative style. It mainly reflects the life scenes of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the War of Liberation and the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, and the people in the Central Plains of Hebei and the Western Hills of Hebei, under the leadership of the Production Party of China, engaged in war, land reform, labor production, mutual assistance and cooperation, and changing customs. The work outlines the historical customs of the times and society from many aspects, and has aroused strong repercussions among readers with its bright and smooth style, elegant and meaningful style and rich image of workers. Among them, Lotus Lake and other works have become widely circulated masterpieces, and literary and art circles even regard it as a symbol of a genre of modern literature and as the main representative of the "Lotus Lake School".

After 1977, the author mainly wrote essays and comments, but also a few novels, including (1979) miscellaneous records of the late period, Ji, Ji and Geng Tang dynasties (both 198 1), and. 1982 most of the works collected by the author since he was engaged in literary work are arranged into five volumes (including seven volumes).

(Encyclopedia of China China Literature Volume II, China Encyclopedia Publishing House, 1986 edition)

3. Appreciation of Luhuadang: The scene moves with emotion (Lin Huanbiao, Lu Sifei)

Luhuadang is about people and things in a cruel war environment, but there is no description of "sadness, misery and sorrow". Even the moans of the girl after her injury were gently taken away. What the works want to convey is the firm belief and optimism to defeat the enemy. Even in the cruel war background, the author still writes the beautiful scenery of Baiyangdian with a calm attitude and carefully carves the statues in the hearts of Baiyangdian people.

Here, we focus on the description of scenery in Sun Li's works. As we know, the description of the scenery in the novel must conform to the environment and the mood of the characters, and it is forbidden to write the scenery at will. The scenery description in Luhuadang is in harmony with the war environment and characters' emotions everywhere, which not only exaggerates the atmosphere of the story, but also adds a poetic sense of fighting to the work, forming an artistic realm of blending scenes and improving the appeal of the work.

At the beginning of the novel, there is a subtle description of the scenery:

At night, the enemy stared at the big dark reed pond from the small window of the turret, and the stars in the sky seemed to be immersed in the water and were about to fall. Late at night, waterfowl fly and sing in the reed pond. During the day, they hide in their nests to avoid gunfire. The reed is still trying so hard to drill up, and the goal seems to be the sky.

"Enemy" and "Watchtower" point out the atmosphere of the environment, while "the stars are also immersed in the water" and "it seems to fall", rendering the crystal clear Ming Che of the lake. The stars are reflected in the lake, rippling with the breeze, making the stars twinkle, giving people the illusion of "falling". Such a beautiful natural environment is really pleasing to the eye! However, the enemy has invaded a large area of our country. Around this beautiful reed pond, there are enemy turrets everywhere, blocking and monitoring this revolutionary base. During the day, it was silent here, and even the waterfowl "hid in the nest to avoid". Only in the middle of the night can you hear their "flying and singing". Between the lines, what a vivid love-hate relationship is revealed! Then write "reed is still so difficult to drill", which shows the indomitable attitude of Baiyangdian people in the cruel war environment and is full of will and strength. This scene description is full of real feelings about life, which leads readers to a specific environment and atmosphere, and naturally becomes the foreshadowing of the following story. It is artistically integrated into the scene and reflects the author's deep feelings.

The novel describes the process of two girls growing up in the revolutionary ranks, and it is also interspersed with many scenery descriptions:

These are the girls in central Hebei. The eldest is only fifteen, and the youngest is only thirteen. They marched on the road in their hometown and looked at the Beidou in the horizon. They looked at the yellow buds of wheat in early summer and sorghum drying rice in Mid-Autumn Festival. The geese flew south over their heads, and soon they flew north. They have grown up.

How to describe the girl's gradual growth with life charm. The natural maturity of crops and the flying back and forth of geese are poetic metaphors of the passage of time. On the road of life, because "look at the big dipper in the sky", you will never lose your way. "Beidou" is not only a real scene, because it is blocked by the enemy, so it is mostly marching at night, but at the same time, it is a metaphor: the glorious guidance of the party.

As for the description of Lu Hua at the end of the novel, on the surface, it seems to be divorced from the specific struggle environment-a desperate struggle with the enemy. Actually, it is not. Careful readers will notice that it is the feeling that the old man "slammed" and killed the heads of the devils with hooks. As the saying goes, "Scenes move with emotions", and the struggle to get rid of hatred will inevitably sprout a relaxed and happy mood in the heart. In this case, the fresh and tender reed flowers will naturally look particularly beautiful in the eyes of the elderly.

From the description of the scenery in this novel, we can see that the scenery described by Sun Li is not only an ornament, but also contains far-reaching accommodation. In his novels, the description of scenery plays a role in impregnating the environment, setting off the spiritual realm of the characters and strengthening the lyrical charm. Therefore, they are by no means a few free pearls, but the crystallization of the inner temperament of the works.

(Excerpted from Appreciation of Sun Li's Works, Guangxi People's Publishing House, 1984 edition)