How to guide junior students to appreciate famous works

There are many works of art masters in primary school art textbooks. Different backgrounds and different forms of expression reflect different painting styles. Among them, Chinese painting, gouache painting and oil painting are the most common. The representative works of Chinese painting are Winter Baby Play and Jujube Flower in Song Dynasty. Qi Baishi's "Hundred Years of Happiness" and Li Keran's "Qiantang Crossing Cattle"; Zhang Zeduan's The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival in the Northern Song Dynasty and Wu Daozi's The Picture of Eighty-Seven Immortals in the Tang Dynasty; The representative works of Wu Guanzhong, a master of modern painting in the 20th century, include Spring as the Line and Wu Jiazuo Workshop. These masters of different times boldly expressed the different historical and cultural backgrounds of that era with the artistic conception of both form and spirit, elegance and detachment, and with the basic brush and ink techniques of Chinese painting such as shading, dry and wet, stippling and sketching, which has historical significance. Representative works of foreign painting masters include Tropical Hurricane and Tiger by Rousseau, Dancer on the Stage by Degas and The Red House by Matisse. Sunflower Garden by Klimt in Austria and Sunflower by Van Gogh in the Netherlands; Two Young Farmers by Picasso in Spain and Madame Chabanti and Children by Renoir in France. They use visual effects, simple realistic style, illusory legendary fairy tales, rich poetic connotations and the interweaving of reality and ideals to give people visual enjoyment. However, it is really not easy for junior students to understand "painting". Teachers should pay attention to selecting materials, appreciating and analyzing famous works.

Art appreciation is an important part of art teaching and an important way to feel and experience beauty. Only by appreciating the works can students understand what beauty is? What is art? As well as the profound connotation of famous works, better guide students' painting direction. In the past, we only paid attention to the teaching of painting and craft, but often neglected the teaching of appreciation. Appreciation of works has become a dispensable course, and even teachers don't know how to appreciate it. What's the point of appreciation? Taking classes is just talking, let alone learning from others' strengths. You know, we should not only cultivate artists, but also cultivate people with taste and interest. So, how to guide junior students to appreciate famous works?

First, collect information and get ready for study.

Collecting materials is the premise of appreciating works. Without information, there is no persuasion. Teachers and students * * * collect information related to content appreciation, arouse students' enthusiasm, let students learn well prepared and shorten the distance between students and content appreciation. For example, let's dance in lesson 11 of the first volume of the second day of junior high school, so that students can focus on collecting the works of Huang Zhou and Degas and their life stories. This provides a foundation and sufficient preparation for class, and has a preliminary understanding and understanding of the works. Many students no longer look at "painting" passively, but also have a positive attitude. As the teacher's thoughts cross time and space and appreciate the master's style, the teacher will have a much easier class. Over time, it is necessary to cultivate the good habit of collecting data for junior students. Broaden students' horizons with points and areas.

Second, inspire and induce to stimulate students' interest in appreciation

Some famous works express life directly and indirectly, carving and "painting" the natural world and people's inner world. In the face of a work, the first impression is particularly important. Some works are pleasing to the eye and impressive, while others are subtle. Only after comparison, observation and in-depth study can this work be thought-provoking and meaningful. Teachers can use media pictures and music to stimulate students' interest in their works. So how to stimulate "fun"? Import is the key. While appreciating Rousseau's work Tropical Hurricane and Tiger, I told my classmates a beautiful story: "A tiger who was hungry for a long time came out to feed in such bad weather. This can't stop its survival instinct. It finds its prey right in front of it, with wide eyes on the ground, and is approaching its prey carefully step by step ... ". When telling the story, the action of hitting the tiger was added, and the students were full of interest and imitated the role of the tiger one after another. Teachers can use infectious language, exaggerated movements and a beautiful piece of music to create situations when introducing, so as to achieve illustrated teaching effect and appreciation atmosphere. Einstein once said: "Interest is the best teacher". Arouse students' enthusiasm and achieve the purpose of appreciation in the interaction between teachers and students, because interest is the driving force of appreciation.

Third, master the appreciation methods and improve students' appreciation ability.

For junior students, can they appreciate a work and often understand it? What's the painting? What do you mean? Junior students generally rely on the feeling at first sight. If they see it, it proves that they know "painting". How to appreciate the work is still very vague. Then, the teacher should guide them how to appreciate the works at this time. In the past art appreciation classes, teachers often talked to the end and devoted themselves excessively, so that teachers became the protagonists, students became the audience, and appreciation classes became "lectures and appreciation classes". However, students' learning is not a passive acceptance process, but an active acceptance process. Teachers try their best to attract their "eyes" and "brains" into their works.

1, observation method. Give full play to students' subjective initiative, guide students to observe comprehensively from multiple angles and directions, imagine that they are standing in the best position and angle, fully appreciate and grasp the objects of appreciation, with a big view and a small view. For example, in the picture of babies playing in winter, the scene of children playing in the garden is described. Guide students to observe the changes of movements and facial expressions, the overall size contrast and soft color layering, and read Painting carefully. Q: "What season is this? What is the little friend doing? What else did you see? " In-depth guide students to view "painting" and appreciate "painting" layer by layer, grasp the context of the works and follow the trail, so as to achieve the effect of appreciation.

2. Contrast method. Art appreciation activities are mainly to compare and study different works and make artistic evaluation. At the beginning, I mainly made some preliminary understanding and understanding of the works and painters. When was it produced? China or abroad? What is its theme and ideological content? What form does it take? In the comparison between the two, we appreciate "painting" carefully and analyze different painting styles and expression techniques. For example, the contrast between Huang Zhou's ink painting Dance in Xinjiang and degas's oil painting Dancer on the stage, Huang Zhou's bold lines, bold modeling and color changes show the joyful scenes that dancers are intoxicated with, full of levels and changes. Degas's oil paintings are exquisite in expression, paying attention to light sense and three-dimensional modeling, and the soft color picture is refreshing. It is completely different from China's traditional painting concept, painting style and expression. Through comparison, deepen the impression and feeling of the works.

3. Interactive method. Students are the masters of the classroom. According to the characteristics that students are active at a young age, teachers and students can interact and cooperate to appreciate the works. Teachers use the media to talk, communicate and interact with students, and guide students to analyze the color modeling and expression techniques of their works. Secondly, communicate and interact with students in the way of group cooperation and inquiry, and create a "painting" atmosphere. For example, when appreciating Wu Guanzhong's work "Spring is Like a Line" in Lesson 13 of Grade One Art Book, enlarge the picture on the slide, let the students observe it first, and then let the students form several groups to discuss: What is it like? What kinds of lines are there? Why do painters use colored lines? Why do painters paint like this? Group interactive discussion, teachers and students conduct bilateral activities and draw conclusions. Students are not only interested, but also cultivate the ability to analyze problems and express language.

4. Experience method. Learn the creative methods and expression techniques of master artists, and deepen the understanding and cognition of works. Let the students experience the momentum of the master splashing ink and create boldly. You can draw a picture and feel the elegance of the masters. For example, in Lesson 15 of Grade Three, let students appreciate Wu Guanzhong's work "Wu Jia Left" and ask, "What is the feeling of this painting?" Guide the students to taste "painting" carefully, and then the teacher demonstrates the techniques of Chinese painting such as dry and wet, light and shade, stippling and so on. Let's go back and see what techniques were used in Wu Jia's workshop. Students will soon find the answer and then do it. Naturally, students actively copied the master's works on rice paper and boldly used pen-and-ink painting. The students learned the techniques of Chinese painting and experienced the fun brought by colored ink.

5. Comprehensive method. The combination of artistic appreciation and poetry and music can achieve the effect of both pictures and sounds. Play a tune, match a poem, pose as a dance model, and perform the plot in the painting. Students will appreciate this painting with the melody of music, which will make them feel interesting and have a * * * understanding of the connotation of the work. Create situations and stimulate interest. Make students involuntarily step into the sacred artistic conception.

Fourthly, infiltrate moral education and taste the charm of national culture and art.

Art appreciation is an important means of aesthetic education for students. Through appreciation, students are intoxicated with noble moral sentiments, and patriotic enthusiasm and national pride are enhanced. The appreciation of famous works mainly touches people's heartstrings with perfect images and superb artistic skills, uplifts people's spirits, and truly achieves the lofty realm of "moistening things and being silent". For example, Qin and Zhang's "Growing Up in Battle", the first volume of the third grade, describes a wonderful picture of the guerrillas returning home in triumph. A teenager with a trophy on his back has a happy smile on his face. From their figures, they seem to see the glorious image of young soldiers who are brave and good at fighting and the spirit of not being afraid of sacrifice. Another example: Lesson 8 "The Story of the Big Tree" in the first volume of the second grade of primary school, so that students can appreciate Jess? Allen's work "Bodhi Tree" understands the relationship between people and trees by observing "trees", which is permeated with the consciousness of caring for trees, protecting nature and the idea of sustainable development. Guide students to express their feelings in language, truly understand the connotation of the works and taste the charm of national culture.

In short, it is difficult for junior students to appreciate famous books. It is even more difficult to rise to the theoretical level. Then, teachers should selectively appreciate the works of masters of painting. Create cultural scenes and atmosphere, stimulate students' interest in appreciation, and guide students to understand the works. From shallow to deep, accumulate over a long period, learn from others, and lay a solid foundation for studying painting in the future. Art teachers are messengers of communication, and art appreciation is a clear spring in the desert. As long as you have a "heart", the thirsty desert will become an oasis.