How to understand the methods and strategies of oral communication teaching in primary schools

“Oral communication” is a new teaching type that emerged after the new curriculum reform. Changing the original "obedient and speaking" to "oral communication" is not only a change in formulation, but also a change in concept. With the development of society, strong oral communication skills have become the most basic ability requirement for everyone in society to adapt to modern social communication. So how do we cultivate students' oral communication skills and improve the strategies for oral communication teaching in primary schools? I think it can be implemented from the following aspects.

1. Interpret the text accurately and clarify the teaching objectives

The "Chinese Curriculum Standards" clearly points out the overall goal of oral communication teaching - to have the basic ability of daily oral communication and to be able to use it in various communication situations. During the activities, students learn to listen, express and communicate, initially learn to conduct interpersonal communication and social interactions in a civilized manner, and develop a spirit of cooperation. However, many oral communication courses in reality deviate from this teaching goal. Make oral communication classes into homework classes, moral classes, art classes, activity classes, handicraft classes, and even reading and newspaper classes.

2. Use appropriate strategies to implement training goals

The new "curriculum standard" points out that students' oral communication skills are cultivated in specific situational practices. A certain situation is the environmental condition and power source for students to enhance their life experience and stimulate their thinking and oral expression.

(1) Create situations and create a relaxed and pleasant communication scene

1. Use language to describe the situations: Teachers use vivid language to describe, create story situations or life situations, and trigger Students' heartstrings inspire students' thinking and guide students to actively participate in communication. For example, in "Life Inspiration Talk", I create a speaking atmosphere through the teacher's language situation.

2. Lay out and create situations in advance: The teacher arranges a scene in advance to induce students to play roles without knowing it is not designed, and to communicate in their most authentic and natural way.

3. Create situations for simulated performances: sketches, cross talk, textbook plays, talk shows, etc. are all very popular performance forms among students, such as topics such as "What should I do?" and "Is this good?" , oral communication can be carried out in the form of performance.

(2) When creating situations, you should pay attention to some issues

1. The situations you create must be reasonable. "Introducing Hometown Scenery" directly introduces the reasons and motivations for the lack of introduction. How to create a situation so that students can communicate in the situation, which is more natural and real than introducing each other in the class?

How does "Talk About Myself" create "strange" life situations that are different from the "daily life" they are accustomed to, so as to stimulate students' interest and desire to communicate?

2. The situation created must be effective. Teaching "Learn to Encourage", a teacher's teaching clip, the situation he created is very reasonable and effective.

Teacher: (Projection) The teacher brings you a friend. His name is Xiao Fang. Observe his expression. Guess what trouble he may have encountered?

Student: He may not have done well in the exam.

Teacher: Have you ever failed in an exam? If you have, please stand up. (Most students stood up, and the teacher asked a few of them to stand on the podium.)

Teacher: The students on the stage are Xiaofang. They did not do well in the exam. Can you encourage them?

Sheng: Failure is the mother of success, don’t be discouraged.

Sheng: It doesn’t matter if you fail, you will make progress if you work hard in the future.

Teacher: (Frowning, sighing, with a painful expression) I am generous, I have failed seven times, who else is stupider than me?

Sheng: (relatively excited) It’s nothing if you fail seven times. Edison failed thousands of times when he invented the electric light, but he still wasn’t discouraged.

Teacher: What philosophical words! In life, there are not only bright sunshine, but also cloudy times. As long as we clear away the clouds, we will see a clear sky.

Little friends, let us thank our classmates who encourage us!

Xiao Fang: After listening to everyone’s encouragement, my heart is full of warmth. Thank you everyone.

3. The best situation to create is multi-level and multi-turn.

For example, when I was teaching "Teaching You to Learn a Trick": The teacher first "shows off his trick" by reciting a passage designated by the students at the specified time - the students showed their unique tricks in the group and selected the "King of Unique Skills" - -Create a situation like CCTV’s “Do you want to challenge?” to guide students to participate in challenges, demonstrate unique skills, and accept interviews from “reporters” and questions from “audiences”. Finally, the “top unique skills king” is selected and awarded a “certificate of honor.” Students are truly mobilized, both listening and speaking interact, and students' communicative skills are also improved.

3. Communicate in a multi-directional interactive atmosphere

Compared with listening and speaking abilities, oral communication emphasizes the characteristics of two-way interaction. "Two-way" and "interaction" are the fundamental characteristics of oral communication courses. Only when the two parties in communication are in a state of interaction can oral communication be truly oral. Teaching can take the form of interactive communication between teachers and students, interactive communication between students, interactive practice between small groups, and whole-class communication and commentary, etc. The purpose of this multi-faceted communication is to allow students to improve their language expression and thinking abilities, understand the basic rules of language expression, and comprehensively improve students' Chinese literacy in several rounds of back-and-forth communication.

4. Make good use of the teacher's demonstration role

In oral communication classes, we must achieve certain training goals, and it is impossible for students to say "Have you eaten?" ” and other such nonsense. Because primary school students have little life experience and weak oral skills, the content, methods and language forms of oral communication are relatively unfamiliar, and they also lack good communication attitudes and listening and speaking habits. There was once a teacher who arranged the "Find your own partners to prepare a program" section in an oral communication class. Because he failed to control the situation, the class became chaotic. He also said that this showed full democracy and freedom, which surprised all the teachers attending the class.

5. Make timely and appropriate evaluations according to the evaluation suggestions

When evaluating students' oral communication skills, attention should be paid to examining students' awareness of participation and emotional attitude. Evaluation should be carried out in specific communication situations, allowing students to undertake meaningful communicative tasks to reflect students' true oral communication level. Therefore, in oral communication teaching, teachers should listen patiently to students' speeches and not easily interrupt students' thoughts. They should be good at discovering students' small progress and affirm it in a timely manner. Even if a word is wrong, you should allow or remind him to change the word again.

6. Cultivating students’ good communication habits

Cultivating students’ good communication habits is reflected in the following four aspects:

Say: What you say means something—— Speak in an orderly manner - speak with reason - speak with courtesy.

Listening: Concentrate, be able to repeat other people’s original words, answer other people’s questions correctly and in a timely manner, etc.

Answer: On the basis of listening, accurately grasp the meaning of the other party's words, make correct judgments and thinking, and respond accordingly.

Comments: Affirm the advantages, point out the shortcomings, analyze the reasons, and effectively correct them.