Humble Room Ming and the usage of parts of speech, such as flexible use of parts of speech, are polysemous. Please be more specific.

Flowers and aquatic plants on the land are lovely (fán). Tao Jinyuan clearly loves chrysanthemums. Since I came, everyone in the world (some versions are "Sheng") loves peony. For the lotus that loves you alone, the mud does not touch, the lotus is clear, the lotus (lián) is not evil, straight through, not tendril (màn) is not branched, the fragrance is far away and clear, and it is graceful, so you can look at it from a distance without playing (xiè).

To call chrysanthemum, the seclusion of flowers (y) is also; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. Hey (y: and)! The love of chrysanthemums and flowers, Tao (Xi mǎn m?n) has also been heard. Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for all ages!

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Rhythm division:

Flowers of land and water/vegetation are lovely/very rare. Jin/Tao Yuanming/Ai Du Residence; Since/Li Tanglai, the world/everyone loves peony; Give/love the lotus without touching the mud, clear and ripple/without being evil, straight through, unbranched, fragrant/beneficial, graceful/pure, far-sighted/not ridiculous. Give/call chrysanthemums, flowers/hermits; Peony, flower/rich man; Lotus, flower/gentleman. Hey [y: and]! The love of chrysanthemum, Tao Hou/Xiao Wen; Lotus love, giver/who; Peony/love, appropriate/public.

Translation:

There are many kinds of herbs and woody flowers on the water and land. Tao Yuanming only loves chrysanthemums in Jin Dynasty. Since Li in Tang Dynasty, most people in the world like peony. I only like lotus flowers that are not stained with mud, and they don't look seductive after being washed with clear water. Its stem is open (hollow) in the middle, and its shape is straight, without branches and branches. The fragrance spreads farther and farther, the more beautiful it is. It's straight and clean, so people can watch them from a distance, but they can't get close to play with it.

In my opinion, chrysanthemum is a hermit in flowers; There are many peonies in the flowers; Lotus is a noble flower. Alas! The exclamation point is used here as an auxiliary word to emphasize the tone. ) The love for chrysanthemums was rarely heard after Tao Yuanming. Who else likes lotus as much as I do? There should be many people who love peony.

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Sentence translation:

Flowers and aquatic plants on the land are lovely (fán).

There are many flowers of various vegetation on the water and land, which are worth loving.

Tao Jinyuan clearly loves chrysanthemums.

Tao Yuanming only likes chrysanthemums in Jin Dynasty.

Since Li Tang came, peonies have been very popular all over the world.

Since Li in Tang Dynasty, people all over the world have loved peony very much.

To (yú) only love lotus, but not touch it, clear but not demon.

But I only like the lotus, which is not stained with mud and washed with clear water. It doesn't look seductive.

Right outside,

Its stem is hollow in the middle and its shape is straight.

Not rambling,

No branches, no branches,

The fragrance is far away and clear,

The fragrance drifted far away, but it became more fragrant.

Elegant and pure planting,

Standing straight and clean in the water,

You can watch from a distance and play without it.

People can only look at (them) from a distance, but they can't get close to it and play with it without dignity.

Want to call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers;

I think: chrysanthemum is a hermit in flowers;

Peony, blooming with wealth;

Peony is a rich person in flowers;

Lotus, the gentleman of flowers.

Lotus is a gentleman among flowers.

(This sentence is a decisive sentence. From the perspective of "this is also", the real key is to judge the verb-"yes")

Tao Yuanming! The love between chrysanthemums and flowers is rarely heard after Tao.

Alas! Tao Yuanming seldom heard of his love for chrysanthemums.

Who gave the lotus love?

Who else likes lotus as much as I do?

Peony love is suitable for all ages!

There should be many people who love peony.

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Understand:

1, the quality of lotus: "Lotus is also a gentleman among flowers." "There is no stain in the mud, and it is clear and innocent."

2. Zhou Dunyi's famous poem "Love Lotus" says: "Love lotus only, without dirt, clear but not demon, straight and not crawling outside, fragrant and beautiful, graceful, but not ridiculous from a distance."

At the flower show in the park, there are always more people watching peony than other flowers. In the words of "Love Lotus", it is: "Peony love is suitable for everyone."

4. The sentence that shows that the poet is not bound by secular life and hates secular life is: "Who gave the lotus love?"

5. The sentence describing the beautiful image of the lotus is: "The mud is not stained, the ripples are clear but not demon, the outside is straight, the fragrance is far and clear, and the vegetation is graceful."

6. Compared with "black near the ink, black near the ink", it embodies the noble quality of lotus. Nowadays, people often use it to describe the sentence that some people don't go with the flow and lead an honest and clean life: "Get rid of the sludge without dyeing."

7. The sentence that compares the reputation of a gentleman is: "Xiang Yuan Yi Qing."

8. One sentence that can best summarize the noble quality of lotus is (main sentence): "Lotus is also a gentleman among flowers."

9. The sentence that a gentleman is honest and reasonable and does not cling to the powerful is: "Straight through, not sloppy."

10, the sentence to lotus: "The flowers of land and water vegetation are very sweet."

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12, a sentence that describes a clean and honest life, but does not flatter people: "If you don't touch the mud, you won't be evil."

13, the reason for "loving lotus alone" is: "The mud is not touched, the ripples are clear but not demon, the communication is straight, the fragrance is far and clear, and it is graceful, so it can be seen from a distance without being ridiculous."

14, set off the words of Lotus from the opposite side: "If you don't touch the mud, you won't be evil."

15, the author uses the recluse-chrysanthemum to set off the lotus on earth.

16. At the same time, the author uses peony, a rich man, to set off the noble sentiment of lotus in a gentleman's way, unlike the world who only pursues fame and fortune.

17, which reflects the self-esteem and self-love of Lotus: "You can watch from a distance, don't be ridiculous."

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Precautions:

In the eighth year of Renzong in the Northern Song Dynasty (1063), Zhou Dunyi, Shen Xiyan and Qian Tuo * * * created poems and carved stones when they visited Luo Yan (now Yudu County, Ganzhou, Jiangxi).

Aileen said: This is from Zhou Lian Creek (Zhu Yuanzhang's public collection). "Yuan Gong" is posthumous title of Zhou Dunyi, Mao Shu of Zhou Dunyi, Taoist priest of Daozhou and philosopher of Northern Song Dynasty. Zhou Dunyi is the author of Tai Chi Illustration and General Book. Say: it's antique, also called gossip. Generally speaking, this style can explain things, or it can be used to clarify a truth, give some inspiration, or give yourself a clear vision, and comment or describe things.

Tao Jin Yuanming only loves chrysanthemums; Tao Jin Yuanming only loves chrysanthemums. Tao Yuanming (365-427), whose word is Qian Liang, called himself Mr. Wuliu, known as Mr. Jingjie in the world, was born in Xunyang Chaisang (now Jiujiang County, Jiangxi Province) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and was a famous poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Is a famous hermit. He loves chrysanthemums alone and often praises chrysanthemums in his poems. For example, in the poem "Drinking", "Picking chrysanthemums under the hedge and seeing Nanshan leisurely" has always been called a famous sentence.

Since Li Tang came, the world has loved peony very much: since Tang Dynasty, people have loved peony very much. Li Tang refers to the Tang Dynasty. The emperor of the Tang Dynasty was surnamed Li, so he was called "Li Tang". The world, the average person in society. People in the Tang Dynasty loved to eat peony, and there are many records in ancient books. For example, Li Zhao's "Tang Shi Supplement" said: "The capital is expensive to travel, and the peony is respected ... Every Spring Festival Evening, horses and chariots are crazy ... for profit, a book (a plant) has tens of thousands of people (referring to money)." Sheng: Special, ten points. Very: very, very.

Z: Yes.

It's worth it

Reporter: Flowers

Fan: Many.

Independence: only, only.

Since: since

Yu (yú): Me.

One: auxiliary words, used between subject and predicate, cancel the independence of sentences and have no substantive meaning.

Silt: Silt accumulated in a river ditch or pond.

Dye: pollution.

Zhuó: wash.

Lián: Microwave clean water, which means clean water here.

Demon: beautiful but not solemn. Gorgeous and frivolous/coquettish

Yan: The phonetic words are equivalent to the present "ah".

Li Tang: Tang Dynasty. The emperor of the Tang Dynasty was called ""because of his surname Li.

Child: It's empty.

Straight: Stand straight.

Straight outside: (its stem) is hollow inside and straight outside.

Wàn: No branch, no branch, no branch.

Tendrils: Nouns are used as verbs to produce tendrils.

Branch: nouns are used as verbs, long branches.

Xiang Yuan Qing: Xiang Yuan is more fragrant.

Far: far away, with a large spatial distance,

Broadcast far, send far.

Benefits: more, more.

Elegant and clean planting: stand upright and clean.

Pavilion: A towering appearance.

Plant: "Plant" means "straight" and vertical.

Approaching: Approaching, approaching (adjective).

Ke: Only

Play: play. (obscene: close but not solemn. )

Say: think.

Hermit: A recluse. In feudal society, some people did not want to go along with the rulers, so they lived in seclusion;

People or things that exist. It changes with the previous nouns, for example, "the one with the Yellow Crane Tower" means ... architecture.

Gentleman: refers to a person with high moral character.

Ai(yρ): interjection, equivalent to "alas" in modern Chinese.

Chrysanthemum love: love for chrysanthemums. One: Modal particles, yes. (One is "the mark of the pre-object")

Fresh (xi m: n): less.

Smell: I heard.

Who is the giver: Who else is like me?

Suitable for many people: of course there are many people.

Suitable: of course.

A: Yes.

A lot.

Flexible use of parts of speech;

1. tendrils: nouns are used as verbs and have long branches and tendrils. Example: No spread.

2. Branches: Nouns are branches of verbs. Example: No spread.

3. Far: adjectives as verbs, far broadcast, far spread. Example: the fragrance is far and clear.

4. Qing: Adjectives are quiet as verbs. Example: the fragrance is far and clear.

Ancient and modern synonyms:

(elegant and pure planting) planting: standing

Translation: planting

(should be open) should be:

Ancient meaning: when. Used on Hu, of course it has this meaning.

Meaning: appropriate, should be.

Polysemy:

Know: structural auxiliary words, get (flowers of land and water vegetation); Pronouns, not people or things (taken for granted, ignored); Auxiliary words, which cancel the independence of sentences, have no substantive meaning (give the mud a lotus without dyeing the "lotus theory") or relieve the tone.

Yan: modal particles (you can look at it from a distance and don't play); Part-time job (so the sun, the moon and the stars move "* * * work anger can't move Zhoushan")

Qing: Qing (Qing but not demon); Fragrant fragrance (distant and clear fragrance)

Far: broadcast far, adjectives as verbs (fragrant and clear); Don't go near it, it is a long distance.

Fresh: less (I have heard of Tao (Xi m \u n)); Fresh, (without the taste of fresh fat); Bright, (delicious grass)

Straight: upright (straight outside); Only, only (how straight is 500 Li)

Special sentence patterns

Judgement

Want to call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers, is also a judgment sentence. The above three sentences all use "this also" to express judgment.

passive sentence

Give the only lotus a muddy but not dirty: dye and dirty.

The main sentences of the article

Lotus, the gentleman of flowers.

elliptical sentence

Clear but not evil (omit the subject "lotus" before the predicate "Zhuo"

Test center:

1。 What does Ailian Say express the author's ambition?

With the help of the image of lotus, the author implicitly expressed his attitude towards life. He is neither willing to avoid the world passively like Tao Yuanming, nor to pursue fame and fortune like the rest of the world, expressing the author's noble character of not colluding with the secular world and his disdain and disgust for pursuing the world of fame and fortune.

2。 "Who gave the lotus love?" What is the function of this sentence?

This is a rhetorical question. On the one hand, it takes care of the beginning of "loving lotus alone", on the other hand, it also reveals a sigh about the world of life, lamenting that there are too few people with the same interests, and even fewer people can achieve noble conduct.

Selected range:

be elected

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Unit 3, Volume II, Grade 7, Shanghai Edition Lesson 13

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Appreciation of articles

Writing characteristics:

The article expresses ambition by things and metaphor by lotus. Through the description and praise of lotus, it praises the noble quality of lotus, and shows the author's attitude towards life without seeking fame and wealth.

The most prominent artistic technique is foil, including chrysanthemum foil before and peony foil after.

Title explanation:

"Shuo" is an ancient style. Usually things can be borrowed to describe things, explain things and discuss things, which is equivalent to modern essays, but they all explain the author's views on various issues. Express the author's feelings about a thing, a thing or a phenomenon in an eclectic way, and advocate freedom and liveliness in writing. There are ups and downs, and the length is generally not long. Quite similar to modern prose. "Ailian said" is about the truth of Ailian.

Appreciate "speaking",

It is one of the argumentative ancient literary styles, and it often expresses its feelings by describing things. Zhou Dunyi's "Love Lotus" is a rare masterpiece in this style.

Appreciation of articles:

Lotus was once the object of admiration by literati in the past dynasties, but most literati were amazed at its beautiful posture and plain appearance and shaped it into a pen; However, this excellent essay has a unique way. Through the description of the image and quality of the lotus, it eulogizes the loyal character of the lotus, thus showing the author's noble personality of leading an honest and clean life, not colluding with the secular world, despising and hating the world that pursues fame and fortune.

From the content point of view, this paper can be clearly divided into two parts: the first part tries to describe the image of hibiscus noble; The second part reveals the metaphorical meaning of the lotus, comments on three flowers and expresses the author's deep sigh for the lotus itself.

The first part of the article describes the noble quality of lotus. First of all, "Out of the mud but not stained, clear but not demon" wrote the valuable spirit of lotus in the mud, but spotless, not following the secular, self-love naive and natural; Secondly, "straight through the outside, not rambling", wrote its noble quality of straight empty pipe and no climbing; Once again, "you can look at it from a distance, don't play with it", and write that lotus is as sacred as a proud gentleman.

Everything mentioned above is actually a portrayal of the author's personality, and it is also the author's self-evident mind, which can be proved from the second part of the article. As the author said, "Who gave the lotus love?" The subtext is that there are too few people like him.

In the first paragraph of the article, chrysanthemums and peony flowers are used as a foil, which shows that he loves lotus only, portrays the image of lotus and praises its character. In the second paragraph, by comparing with the "seclusion" of chrysanthemum and the "wealth" of peony, it points out the metaphorical meaning of the lotus "gentleman", which shows the author's yearning for the gentleman and his attitude towards life.

Through the description and praise of the lotus, the full text eulogizes the virtue of a gentleman's "emerging from the mud without being stained", and expresses the noble character of the author who does not collude with the secular world and his contempt and disgust for the world that pursues fame and gain.

From the writing point of view, "Ailian Shuo" and "Shuo" have a common feature, that is, they express their will by holding things. Starting with "emerging from the mud without staining", the article describes the lotus bearing style with strong colors, which places the author's affirmation and pursuit of ideal personality, and also reflects the author's contempt for the secular mentality of pursuing wealth and fame and his pursuit of a clean and honest life. At the same time, the article also uses the method of comparison and contrast, and compares the beauty of lotus with chrysanthemum and peony several times in the article; It also compares the seclusion of chrysanthemum, the wealth of peony and the nobleness of lotus, thus deepening the theme of "love lotus". Instead of empty preaching, it achieves the purpose of deepening the theme through the ingenious comparison of three images. The word "love" runs through the whole article, putting Ailian's theme into practice and vividly realizing Ailian. This poem is also very distinctive in language, that is, it is beautiful and concise, and it is indeed as beautiful as a lotus flower-"don't ramble" and there is no unnecessary useless language.

Its key point is "out of the mud but not stained, clear and not demon." This sentence is just the opposite of the meaning expressed by "those who are close to ink are black". Its central sentence is: "Lotus is a gentleman of flowers."

The ancients generally used things to express their feelings. The same sentence has two meanings, one is metaphor and the other is expression. Similarly, there is a second meaning to express your feelings, that is, "the mud is not stained, the ripples are clear, but not evil." Metaphorically, the author himself has the noble character of "emerging from mud without dyeing, purifying lotus without demon". In fact, what he means is that officialdom is dark, so it is as difficult for you to maintain a noble character in officialdom as it is for a lotus to emerge from the mud without being defiled. This is also a summary of his experience as an official, because he doesn't want to go along with it. And "Zhuo Qing Lian has no demon" is just a good wish of the author. Walking by the river often, how can you not wet your shoes? Therefore, it is commendable to be able to stand alone in a hundred flowers. This is also the author's sigh, because he can't be immune to the big environment, except to escape and stay away. Or, like him, guard one of his festivals conscientiously.

Zhou Dunyi's "Love Lotus" begins with "the flowers of land and water vegetation are very sweet". The opening part is profound and atmospheric, which not only points out that the lotus in Ailian is also a flower of land and water, but also points out that the lotus is lovely, and it is just one of the "extraordinary" people. This laid a logical foreshadowing for his "single love lotus" below. So, the pen is extraordinary and eye-catching. Next, Zhou Dunyi did not entangle in Fan Fan, but simply narrowed down the scene. The sentence "Tao Jin loves chrysanthemums" makes this question more clear. Tao Yuanming can express his feelings by loving chrysanthemums. How can I not love Lotus alone?

The next sentence, "Since Li Tang came, the world loves peonies very much", which seems to be repetitive, but actually deepens the meaning. Moreover, this sentence makes the sense of contrast stronger, and it also paves the way for him to seek the nobility of lotus. Zhou Dunyi's love for lotus flowers is different from Tao Jin Yuanming's love for chrysanthemums. In order to keep a noble and pure life, he would rather die in Nanshan. He wants to be a gentleman in the world. This mentality of staying innocent in a dirty world and seeking truth alone is essentially different from the herd mentality that everyone envies wealth (peony). This paves the way for Ailian's theory of "getting out of the mud without being stained".

The next sentence, Zhou Dunyi, goes straight to the point, "Love lotus is not touching, clear and enchanting, straight to the outside, not scattered and without branches, fragrant and clear, graceful and pure, and it is not ridiculous from a distance." Writing the language of the lotus, loving the lotus and expressing Yu Lian's ambition can be described as one go, which seems to be an intuitive description of the lotus, but in fact it is full of words. The exquisiteness of this pen is amazing. It can be said that the whole reader has no chance to breathe. The language is extraordinary, but the aftertaste is meaningful and long, and the more delicious it is, the more delicious it is.

At the end of the article, Zhou Dunyi first takes flowers as a metaphor, and makes the characteristics of flowers compare with people. Although dull, the metaphor is to the point, which makes people have a different taste. "To call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers also; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. " This plain sentence is followed by "Tao Jin Yuanming loves chrysanthemums alone; Since Li Tang came, people all over the world love peony. Love the lotus alone ... "It is seamless, leaving no trace. More importantly, the metaphor of flowers vividly describes Tao Yuanming's isolation and pursuit of a prosperous life, without a word of direct accusation. At the end of the article, the author laments that there are few real hermits, few noble gentlemen and many vulgar people who are greedy for money, which is intriguing and thought-provoking.

Through this comparison, Zhou Dunyi compared himself to a gentleman. It is better to avoid the world than to be a gentleman. From this perspective, Zhou Dunyi is somewhat narcissistic. However, Zhou Dunyi also had some self-knowledge, and then he sighed deeply, "The love between chrysanthemums and flowers is unknown after pottery;" Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for all ages. "Yes, the world of mortals is rolling, and how many people can avoid the world for a reason? There was Tao Yuanming in Jin, but I haven't heard of anyone who can do it now. Or, like me, how many people in the world can stay together in a pure and gentlemanly manner like me? Most people just follow the crowd in the world of mortals. It can be seen from this that Zhou Dunyi is arrogant, and his mentality of seeking purity without conformity is commendable in the secular world. He lamented that it was because the world was getting worse and worse, and most people were defiled by it.

This paper expresses the author's attitude of not seeking fame and fortune, being honest and clean, and not colluding with the common customs. At the same time, it also expresses the author's contempt for pursuing fame and fortune and drifting with the tide. Eulogize the gentleman's virtue of "getting out of the mud without staining, lingering without demon" and express the author's noble sentiment of not going with the flow.

This article is elegant and refined, concise, catchy and rhyming. It is really a rare short story in ancient Chinese. Moreover, it has a double interpretation, heavy content and far-reaching artistic conception. In addition, its writing is similar to the vernacular, which is easy to read and understand, so it has become a popular product in later generations. When enjoying this article, if you can be moved by the chronicle in the article, this is the best income from reading this article. The structure of Ailian Shuo can be summarized as follows: a clue, that is, taking Ailian Shuo as a clue; The second foil, with the flowers of land and water vegetation as the total foil of lotus, with chrysanthemum and peony as the side lining and contrast of lotus; Three kinds, namely, love chrysanthemum, love peony and love lotus, refer to three kinds of people chrysanthemum: people who live in seclusion and avoid the world; Lotus: refers to people with high moral character who are unwilling to go along with the secular; Peony: refers to people who pursue wealth and arrogance.

The main idea of this article

"Love lotus" is the virtue of loving a gentleman.

Writing background:

In the fourth year of Song Xining (A.D. 107 1), Zhou Dunyi, a famous neo-Confucian, came to Xing Zi with Nankang Army. Zhou Dunyi was honest and indifferent, and loved Lian all his life.

After Zhou Dunyi came to Xing Zi, he dug a pond on the east side of Junya and planted all the lotus flowers. When Zhou Dunyi came to Yukiko, he was old (55 years old) and sickly, so whenever he was alone after dinner, he invited friends from the three or five aides to enjoy flowers and tea in Chi Pan and wrote a well-known essay "Love Lotus". Although The Story of Ailian is short, it has been told by people all the time.

A year later, Zhou Dunyi resigned due to old age and infirmity, and settled in a church at the northwest foot of Lushan Mountain to give lectures. He left behind the lotus pond and the article "Love Lotus", which has always been cherished by future generations. In the sixth year of Xichun (AD 1 179), Zhu was transferred to Nankang Zhijun. With admiration for Zhou Dunyi, he rebuilt the lotus pond and established the Lotus Hall. He got the ink of Zhou Dunyi's "Ailian Shuo" from Zhi Qing Zhou, Zhou's great grandson, and asked someone to carve it on a stone and by the pool. Zhu wrote a poem: it is unusual to hear the roots move to a jade well and flowers bloom for ten miles; The bright moon is high and cold, and no one sees it, only for the husband to grow up. Appreciation of "The Theory of Ailian" focuses on "getting rid of the mud without dyeing, and clearing the lotus without evil", which is the central theme of the full text. The ancients generally used things to express their feelings. The same sentence has two meanings, one is metaphor and the other is expression. Similarly, there is a second meaning to express your feelings, that is, "get out of the mud without being stained;" Lotus, not demon. " Metaphorically, the author himself has the noble character of "emerging from mud without dyeing, purifying lotus without demon". In fact, what he means is that officialdom is dark, so it is as difficult for you to maintain a noble character in officialdom as it is for a lotus to emerge from the mud without being defiled.

This is also a summary of his experience as an official, because he doesn't want to go along with it. And "Zhuo Qing Lian has no demon" is just a good wish of the author. Walking by the river often, how can you not wet your shoes? Therefore, it is commendable to be able to stand alone in a hundred flowers. This is also the author's sigh, because he can't be immune to the big environment, except to escape and stay away. Or, like him, guard one of his festivals conscientiously. Zhou Dunyi's "Love Lotus" begins with "the flowers of land and water vegetation are very sweet".

Zhou Dunyi (10 17 ~ 1073) is the founder of China's Neo-Confucianism, and his Neo-Confucianism thought plays a connecting role in the history of China's philosophy. Zhou Dunyi loved reading since childhood and was quite famous in his hometown. People say that he is "ambitious, knowledgeable, practical and has the demeanor of the ancients." His knowledge and tolerance also moved many people to follow him, the most famous of which were two brothers, Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao, who later became famous Neo-Confucianism in the Southern Song Dynasty.

In 1072, Zhou Dunyi came to Jiangxi and founded Lianxi Academy. From then on, I began to give lectures and educate people. He named the stream in front of the academy "Lianxi" and called himself "Mr. Lianxi". Because I love lotus all my life, I built a lotus hall in the academy, and carved a pool in front of the hall, named "Lotus Pool", and pinned my lifelong ambition on the noble lotus. After giving lectures and studying, Mr. Wang often walks in front of the main hall to admire the lotus. Later, I wrote an article "Ailian Shuo". His famous phrase "Out of the mud but not stained, clear but not demon, straight but not creeping outside, fragrant far and clear, graceful and pure, far but not ridiculous" became a swan song, which is still widely circulated today.

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Brief introduction of the author

Author:

Zhou Dunyi (1017.5.5 ~1073), a native of Songying Loutianbao (now Daoxian County, Hunan Province), was a famous philosopher in the Northern Song Dynasty and was recognized as the originator of Neo-Confucianism in academic circles. "Under the Han Dynasty, Confucianism went from bad to worse. For more than a thousand years, in the middle of the Song Dynasty, Zhou Dunyi, who was born in the mausoleum, learned from the sages what he had never passed on, and wrote Tai Chi Tu Shuo and Tong Shu, explaining the principles of Yin and Yang and the five elements. He knew everything. " The Biography of the History of the Song Dynasty and Daoism put the Neo-Confucianism founded by Zhou Zi in a very high position.

Name: Zhou Dunyi, name: Mao Shuhao, name: Lianxi Nationality: China Northern Song Dynasty Nationality: Birthplace of Han nationality: Yingdaoren, Songdao Prefecture Date of birth:1065438+May 5, 2007 Date of death: 1073 Occupation: Philosopher's main achievement: Philosopher of Northern Song Dynasty.

Gong Ji, Tai Chi Illustration and Shu Tong by Zhu Yuanzhang are recognized as the representative works of the founders of the School of Science. Year: 56. Posthumous title: Yuan Gong.

Zhou Dunyi (10 17— 1073) Zhou Dunyi

Mao Shu, born in Lianxi, posthumous title, was a thinker, philosopher and neo-philosopher in the Northern Song Dynasty in China. Originally named Dunshi. The world is known as Mr. Lianxi. Daozhou is a native of Yingdao County (now Daoxian County, Hunan Province). Founder of Neo-Confucianism in the Northern Song Dynasty. Zheng Xiang, a bachelor of Longtuge, was the master of Ren Fen Ning (Xiushui), transferred Nan 'an Army Manager to join the army, moved to Guiyang and Nanchang, and was sentenced by Hezhou Judge and Ganzhou. When Ning first learned about Chenzhou, he was transferred to Guangdong as a judge and was sentenced to prison. Wherever I go, I have made great achievements. "In Hezhou County for four years, the people are convinced that the official has no husband's hand and dares not be the master." In his later years, he learned about Nankang Army, where he ruled today's Xing Zi County. I have been to Lushan Mountain and was attracted by its scenery. In his own poem, I said, "I have loved Lushan Mountain for a long time, and I bought Tian Shanyin." Because the house is built under the Lotus Peak of Lushan Mountain, there is a stream in front of it, which joins the Ganjiang River. Named after the former residence of Lianxi Yingdao, he later settled here and moved the tomb of his mother Zheng, who was originally in his hometown, to Sanqi Mountain, Qingquanshe, Lushan Mountain. Dunyi died and was buried next to his mother's grave. The descendants live in Jiangzhou, and the descendants are Mianyan.

Zhou Dunyi is the founder of China's Neo-Confucianism, and his Neo-Confucianism plays a connecting role in the history of China's philosophy. Huang Zongxi, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, said in the case of Confucianism in the Song Dynasty: "Since Confucius, Chinese Confucianism has only learned to pass on the classics, and it has been a long time since then. The rise of Cheng Cheng's successor Yuan Gong ... If we discuss the subtleties of mind, nature and justice, we will break the darkness of several Yuan Gong. " He inherited the Book of Changes and some thoughts of Taoism, and put forward a simple and systematic theory of the composition of the universe, saying that "Tai Chi is infinite" and "Tai Chi" moves without moving, resulting in everything of yin and yang. "Everything is born with endless changes, but people have to show their beauty, which is the most spiritual ("Tai Chi Map ")." The sage also imitated "Tai Chi" to establish "human pole". "The extreme of human beings" means "sincerity", which is "the wood of the five permanent members, the source of all kinds of actions, and the highest state of morality". Only through the main static, no desire, can we achieve this state. In the following 700 years, it had a wide academic influence, and his philosophical categories, such as infinity, Tai Chi, Yin and Yang, five elements, sports, life, good and evil, became the research topics of later Neo-Confucianism.

Zhou Dunyi was not respected before his death and his academic status was not high. People only know that he is "outstanding in political affairs" and "outstanding in official career", especially "aiming at the mountains", with a free and easy mind and a fairy wind. However, no one knows his Neo-Confucianism. Only Cheng Taizhong, a judge in Nan 'an, knew that his Neo-Confucianism attainments were profound and sent his two sons, Cheng Hao and Huang Cheng, to his door. The latter two are famous neo-Confucianists. Hu Hong, a scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty, highly praised the study of Dunyi, while Zhu, a master of Neo-Confucianism, highly praised him, stood up for him and commented on Taiji Shuo and Yi Tong. Zhang (Mu) called him "the Taoist priest" and his reputation grew. Jiujiang, Daozhou and Nan 'an built Lianxi Temple in memory of him, and Ning Zongci was posthumous title's Yuan, so Dunyi was also called "". In the period of Li Zong, Zhou Dunyi's position as the founder of Neo-Confucianism was confirmed by worshipping Confucius Temple.

Zhou Dunyi's temperament is simple. He said, "Taro dishes can die for many years. Silk cloth is food and clothing, warm and rich, and Corning is priceless. I am willing to cover it, and I am humble and sincere." He believed in the ancient faith since he was a child, and "honed himself with honor." He has never been greedy for money in his life and loves to talk about fame and fortune. He believes that "a gentleman values Tao, and he is safe and rich". Although he is an official in various places, his salary is very small. Even so, when he came to Jiujiang, he gave his savings to the clan in his hometown.

Zhou Dunyi loves elegant, dignified, beautiful and clean lotus flowers. After learning the news of Nankang Army, he dug a pond to grow lotus flowers on the east side of the mansion. This pond is called Ailian Pool, which is more than ten feet wide. There is a stone platform in the middle, a hexagonal pavilion on the platform and a zigzag bridge on both sides. He often strolls in Chi Pan in midsummer, admiring the lotus floating in the wind and reciting the lotus of love. Since then, Lianchi has been well known.

The Yanshui Pavilion in Jiujiang was originally built by Zhou Dunyi. Because the pavilion is in the middle of the lake and looks like the moon, it is named "Moon Immersion Pavilion". Later, he continued to advocate waste, taking the artistic conception of "thin cage smoke on the top of the mountain" and renamed it "Yanshui Pavilion". In the seventeenth year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty, inspector Cui Lunqi restored the Yu Yan Pavilion, established the Five Sages Pavilion, and named Zhou Dunyi as one of the Five Sages. There are Lianxi Road and Lianxi Neighborhood Committee in Jiujiang City.

Zhou Dunyi is the author of Zhou Ziquan's book. Lianxi Academy is his lecture platform, and his theory has a great influence on the development of Neo-Confucianism in the future.

Zhou Dunyi is an advocate of systematic discussion on the origin of the world as a philosophical issue.

Character life: