Tips for Beginners in Aquaculture: Tips for Beginners in Aquaculture

1. Crayfish farms require sufficient water, convenient irrigation and drainage, and strong flood and drought resistance. The pH value of soil is neutral to slightly alkaline, with sufficient sunshine and long illumination time, which is beneficial to the reproduction of plankton, especially in the leeward and sunny areas. In order to ensure that crayfish products meet the pollution-free requirements, the breeding sites must be far away from industrial, agricultural and domestic pollution sources, and the environment should meet the pollution-free breeding standards.

2. Reinforce and raise the ridge, and excavate the shrimp ditch pit. In order to prevent crayfish from breaking through the ridge and causing the ridge to collapse; Shrimp is easy to escape after heavy rain in flood season, so it is necessary to raise, widen and tamp the pond ridge. After reinforcement, the ridge should be 40 ~ 50 cm higher than the water surface, and the bottom of the ridge should be widened to 80 ~ 100 cm. Build an escape-proof wall around the ridge with a screen or calcium-plastic board, which is 70 ~ 80 cm higher than the ridge surface. Every 1.5m is supported and fixed with wooden stakes or bamboo poles. The upper part of the net is sewn with a layer of agricultural film about 30 cm wide to form an "upside down beard" to prevent crayfish from climbing and digging holes to escape. Excavation of shrimp pits along the ridge will create a good living environment for crayfish and facilitate centralized shrimp catching. The shrimp pit is about 1 m deep and about 1 m wide.

3. Fertilization and disinfection. It should be based on base fertilizer, and it is best to apply organic fertilizer. When using base fertilizer, apply organic fertilizer 150 ~ 200 kg per mu. Disinfect shrimp ditches and pits 10 ~ 15 days before releasing cultured shrimp seedlings. Use quicklime100 ~150kg per mu and sprinkle water.

4, shrimp stocking. There are two kinds of stocking methods: one is to put the parent shrimp in and let it breed by itself, usually from the end of August to the middle of 10. The stocking specification is 20 ~ 30 crayfish per mu, about 20 kg per kg. The other is to raise young shrimp in spring. Put 25,000-45,000 crayfish and young shrimps with specifications of 250-600 kg per mu. When stocking, the prawns should be disinfected, and the prawn seeds can be soaked in a salt solution with a concentration of about 30% for 3-5 minutes.

5. Feed crayfish feed. Crawfish feed includes rice bran, bean cake, bran, miscellaneous fish, snail meat, silkworm chrysalis, earthworm, slaughterhouse leftovers or compound feed, etc. The feeding amount depends on the amount of natural bait in lotus field and the stocking density of crayfish. During the whole breeding season, we should follow the principle of "starting early, beginning with less, middle with more and ending with less". The water temperature is suitable from June to September, which is the peak of crayfish growth. Generally, crayfish are fed 2-3 times a day at 9- 10 and around sunset or at night, and the daily feeding amount is 5%-8% of the weight of shrimp. In other seasons, crayfish can be fed 1 time before and after sunset every day, and the daily feeding amount is 1% ~ 100% of the shrimp weight. Bait should be placed near shrimp ditch and shrimp pond, where the water level is shallow and crayfish are concentrated, which is convenient for them to feed and check their feeding situation.

6. Disease control. In high temperature season, spraying quicklime 1 time every 15 ~ 20 days, each time l0 ~ 15 kg per mu, and adding a certain amount of garlicin, multivitamins and other drugs to the feed can generally control the occurrence of diseases.

7. Fishing. Crayfish are mainly caught in net cages, which can be caught all year round, and the main fishing period is from April to September. If the catch at a time is small, you can stop fishing.

8. Novices who are engaged in crayfish culture for the first time should pay attention to the following points: fully understand the basic knowledge of crayfish, properly understand the local lobster market, and prevent blindness.

9. A small amount of investment in the initial stage focuses on accumulating experience, learning more, communicating more, and mastering crayfish culture skills.

10, pay attention to the selection of crayfish fry, the quality of crayfish fry is related to the success or failure of culture.

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12, pay attention to the cultivation and management of aquatic plants, water quality and water level management in crayfish culture ponds.

13, the daily management of crayfish is very important. It is necessary to carry out adequate daily management and do a good job in disease prevention and control management in aquaculture ponds.