Appreciation of Shi Zhongshan

This paper describes the author's exploration of the origin of Shi Zhongshan's name, and shows that to know the truth of things, we must "hear and see" and avoid making subjective assumptions. One * * * three paragraphs.

The first paragraph puts forward two versions of the origin of Shi Zhongshan's name, and questions these two versions. It can be divided into three layers. On the first floor, I quoted Shui Jing's words, explained the position of Shi Zhongshan, and pointed out Shi Zhongshan, which caused the following situation. On the second level, it puts forward Li Daoyuan's view on the origin of the name, points out people's skepticism about this view, and questions Li's view with the fact that Zhong Qing can't make a sound when placed in the water, which shows that it is difficult to win people's trust. It is precisely because Li said that "people are always suspicious" that later people raised objections and drew Li Bo's statement from Li Daoyuan's statement. The third layer, put forward Li Bo's view and question it. Li Bo is also among the "people who are often suspicious", so there is a "visit to the legacy". There is no doubt that he kissed "visited" his legacy, "gripped" his stone and "listened" to his voice. The author shows his doubts about Li Bo, and refutes Li's statement that "there are stones everywhere, and stones can be detained", which shows that the statement that stones can be detained is not credible. These two statements seem to be on the same page, but in fact, there are first and then, and there are masters and times. There are also differences in the formulation of the two theories: using "people are often suspicious" to show people's doubts about Li's theory, and it is not clear whether the "people" here include the author, which is an objective narrative, and the author has not rashly judged the right or wrong of Li's theory; I use "I particularly doubt" to emphasize my denial of what Li said. The word "I" here clearly shows the author's attitude towards what Li said. Telling Li that "people are always suspicious" and "I am particularly suspicious" lead the author to realize that it paves the way for the second paragraph of "Laughing without believing" and night outing, and also ends with "sighing", "laughing", "simplicity" and "ugliness".

In the second paragraph, the author narrates a field trip to Shi Zhongshan to understand the origin of its name. It can be divided into three layers. The first floor ("Seven Years of Yuanfeng, the so-called Stone Bell Man") points out the time, companions and reasons for visiting Shi Zhongshan. Because of doubts about the origin of Shi Zhongshan's name, the author took advantage of his position in Linyou to send his eldest son Mai Su to visit Shi Zhongshan in Dexing, Raozhou, just to dispel doubts. This floor is right next to it. On the second floor ("The monk in the temple asked the child to hold an axe ... Gu Yu laughed but didn't believe it"), write an article "Visiting the Temple Monk". The monks in the temple "let the children hold axes" and knocked on stones to make a sound, indicating that they believed Li Bo's statement, which had a great influence. This paragraph responds to Li's "choose one or two and buckle it" and "laugh without believing", and takes care of the "buckle and listen" and "I am particularly suspicious" in the first paragraph respectively. Since the monk's practice is not satisfactory, here is the action of the author's moonlit investigation. On the third floor ("jathyapple's wise men and ancients were full of deception"), I wrote about my visit to Shi Zhongshan on a moonlit night. First of all, I explained that the time of my visit to Shi Zhongshan was "Mo jathyapple Ming" and my companion was my eldest son Mai Su. The way is "by boat" and the place is "under the cliff". Then write the scene under the cliff: what you see is a big stone that "stands on the side of thousands of feet, like a monster and wants to fight with people"; I heard the scream of the stork in the sky and the strange call of the stork in the valley, coughing and laughing like an old man. It depicts a gloomy night scene of Shi Zhongshan, which is far and near, high and low, dynamic and static, tangible and vivid, making people feel immersive. This description highlights the eerie environment atmosphere, highlights the difficulty of visiting in person, and lays the foundation for the following criticism that "the scholar-officials refused to spend the night under the boat cliff". On the other hand, when the writer "anxious to return" suddenly "shouted loudly on the water like a bell and drum", which frightened the boat people, but the writer was attracted. He "looked at it slowly" and found that "there is a cave at the foot of the mountain, I don't know how deep it is, and it is also because of this" that he found out the reason for the sound of "Xuan _". But things didn't stop there, and there were waves below. When the author "drove back to the two mountains", he found a "big stone flowing in the air, breathing with the wind, and there was a stuffy sound at the entrance". The "back" here does not mean "return", but "turn around". "Boat back to the two mountains" does not mean that the boat goes back to the middle of the two mountains, but that the boat turns around and turns between the two mountains. The author's investigation of these two sounds is extremely detailed and in-depth, which confirms Li's statement in the first paragraph: "Microwave enters the cloud" and "Breathe in and out with Feng Shui" take care of "cool breeze and drum waves" respectively; "At the foot of the mountain, there are caves full of rocks ... and the culvert is surging, so it is also" harmony "and" big stones flow in the air, but there are many tricks ",taking care of" water and stones are exciting "respectively; They are "Sound like a bell and drum" and "Sound like Hong Zhong". This not only confirms Li's theory, but also makes a detailed supplement to "Jane", paving the way for the last paragraph of "Jane". Finally, the dialogue between the writer and Mai Su. The "smile" of "saying that you are brave because you laugh" is different from the "laughing without believing" in front of you. The former is a smile expressing doubt and denial, and here is a relaxed and happy smile after dispelling doubts, which shows the author's pride and excitement after finding out the truth. In the conversation, the author associated these two voices with "Don't shoot King Zhou Jing" and "Zhong Song of Wei Zhuangzi", affirmed his own investigation results and pointed out the reason for naming Zhong Mingshan. He also affirmed Li Daoyuan's statement that "the ancients were not all deceivers", and the words vividly expressed the author's faith and joy. In this passage, the author confirmed and supplemented Li Daoyuan's statement with his own eyes and ears, further denied Li Bo's statement, and provided factual basis for the last paragraph.

In the third paragraph, I wrote my thoughts on the origin of Shi Zhongshan's name, indicating my writing intention. It can be divided into three layers. On the first floor, "it's okay to judge whether something is there without looking at it?" This sentence, with strong tone, expresses full affirmation by rhetorical question and points out the main idea of the whole article. It is the author's conclusion and summary after finding out the origin of Shi Zhongshan's name, and it is the author's experience. The second layer analyzes the reasons why the world can't know the origin of Shi Zhongshan's name accurately from two aspects. On the one hand, there are three reasons why the correct statement can't be circulated: first, "what Li Yuan saw and heard is almost the same as that of Yu Yu, but it is unknown", that is, Li Daoyuan's statement is correct, but unfortunately it is unknown, which leads to "people are often suspicious" and can't be recognized by people; Second, the scholar-officials did not make on-the-spot investigations, and "it is necessary to know when you wait for the cliff by boat at night"; Third, "fishermen and sailors know but don't talk." "Can't say" means you can't write, not you can't say. Li's theory is lost in the unknown. Scholar-officials can be "ignorant" for writing, while "fishermen and sailors" know but can't write. That's why Shi Zhongshan's name didn't spread around the world. Then use the word "two" to turn to the other side: "Ugly people try to get the truth with an axe", which means that "ugly people" like Li Bo make subjective assumptions and "think there is truth", which is the reason for Li Bo's wrong statement and later generations to spread the truth. The third layer points out the purpose of writing this travel note from the two aspects mentioned above. "Lamenting Li Yuan's simplicity" is to affirm Li Daoyuan's point of view, while lamenting that it is too simple. "Laughing at Li Bo's meanness" means denying Li Bo's point of view and laughing at his meanness. This shows that the purpose of writing this article is to spread my own views, confirm and supplement Li Daoyuan's views and correct Li Bo's views.

By combining discussion and narration, this paper analyzes and criticizes Li Daoyuan and Li Bo's views on Shi Zhongshan's name through a field trip to Shi Zhongshan at night, and puts forward the conclusion that "it is impossible to judge whether it exists unless you see it with your own eyes", which embodies the author's realistic spirit of paying attention to investigation and research and has educational significance.