Why should fables be used as primary school texts?

A fable is a kind of allegory or sustenance story, a literary genre that combines images and morals. Excellent fables contain rich ideological capacity and profound philosophy of life. Students need to understand the hidden meaning and appreciate the hidden flavor. In the kingdom of fables, foxes and wolves, deer and tigers are no longer animals, they are personified "people". Even people's words and deeds are mostly weird and strange, which can make students unforgettable. There are many fables with both literary quality and beauty selected in primary school Chinese textbooks. So, what issues should be paid attention to when teaching fables in primary schools?

1. Guidance to clarify the meaning of the text and grasp the content of the story

There are many fables in primary school, such as "Mending the Lost Sheep", "Going in the Same Direction", "The Frog at the Bottom of the Well", etc. Fables are often It uses fictional stories or personification of natural objects to illustrate a certain truth. When teaching, first of all, let students understand what story this fable tells and clarify the plot of the story, that is, the occurrence, development and result of the story. So, how to help students understand the plot and grasp the content of the story?

Guide students to understand words by looking up in the dictionary or contacting the context. For example, the meanings of "die" and "lao" in the article "Mending a Lost Sheep" are different from those in modern Chinese. Therefore, when teaching children in third grade, we must guide them to learn to understand key words. Also understand the meaning of the words "regret" and "acceptance", guide students to read and discuss, think about what you have learned from the word "regret"? What do you understand from the word "accept"?

Strengthen reading guidance and inspire students to read out the meaning expressed in the story. For example, when learning to "make up for the lost sheep", you can use the method of reading the dialogue part by role, so that students can understand the neighbor's concern for the sheep farmer and the sheep farmer's attitude towards the loss of the sheep.

2. Combine it with the reality of life and understand the underlying truth

The fables in primary school Chinese textbooks are short in length, often only a few hundred words, but almost every fable has a The stories are lively and interesting, with varied plots, and the language is concise and easy to read. Such stories are deeply loved by primary school students, thus stimulating their interest in reading. Fables often vividly reflect all aspects of people's spiritual life through vivid and interesting short stories, and contain profound philosophies. Just like the loving and wise elders, they always tell people some life principles and philosophies with sincere words. Because primary school students have strong image thinking, poor understanding ability, and lack of perceptual experience, it is difficult to reveal and understand profound meanings. Therefore, in teaching fables, we can create story situations and let students read the text with questions. In the process of reading fables, students' ability to understand and extract information is developed, and good reading habits are developed. For example: when learning fables, students must be asked to connect them to real life and talk about similar people around them and those they know from TV, movies or stories they have read. For example: after learning "Mending the Ladder", you can ask students to talk about whether you have made the same mistakes as the sheep farmers in your life? What would you do if you were a sheep farmer? Also, after studying "Northern Directions", can you talk about where this person went wrong? What do you want to say to this Chu man? What did you gain from learning fables? Let students find answers to questions by understanding, extracting, analyzing, and summarizing information while reading texts. In this way, students reveal and understand the meaning in reading, and at the same time, their comprehension, analysis, and generalization abilities are also greatly improved.

3. Capture the editor’s intention and understand the characteristics of fables

Fables are a kind of literary genre and occupy a place in Chinese language and literature. So what is the editor’s purpose in selecting fables in primary school Chinese? What characteristics do we learn from fables?

First of all, from a formal point of view, the characteristics of fables are: first, the language is concise, concise, extremely general, and highly expressive; second, it is short, concise, and rigorous in structure, making it the most descriptive of narrative literary works. A brief one.

Although fables are short in length, they are a world full of wit, humor, comedy, courage and rich imagination. They give humans rich thoughts and emotions and basic concepts of good and evil to animals and plants in nature, and contain profound meanings. philosophy. Since the short story must contain rich and profound philosophy, fully reveal the nature of the satirical object, and allow people to understand the philosophy of life while laughing at the ridiculous behavior of the clown in the story, therefore, the language of the fable must be both Be concise and summarized, be highly expressive, and be humorous and interesting. In addition, during the long-term development process, fables have well absorbed artistic expression techniques such as symbolism, exaggeration, and personification, adding richer literary colors and making the plots of fables more tortuous and interesting. Fables have won the love of children with their exaggerated images, vivid and interesting plots, and rich and profound philosophical and educational qualities. They have also become an important literary genre in primary school Chinese textbooks, playing a good role in paving the way for students' writing. .

Secondly, attention should be paid to teaching children to learn to distinguish between fables and fairy tales. They have similarities but also great differences. Fairy tale is a kind of fantasy story. Fairy tales only come from fantasy. They use people or things that children know and understand as the objects of description, and use rich imagination and exaggeration to create images. Fairy tales have poetic and beautiful artistic conception and language, which can give people a beautiful enjoyment.