What kind of fly is this?

Musca domestica is a common insect of Muscidae (Diptera), which is dark gray, with a dirty yellow area in the abdomen and vertical stripes in the chest. Body length is about 5 ~ 7 mm (0.2 ~ 0.3 inch). Compound eyes are remarkable, with about 4000 small eyes. It used to be the main cause of disturbing insects and affecting public health in cities. Using fly-proof covers, refrigerators and covered containers to protect food can prevent houseflies from spreading diseases.

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Basic information

Subclass: winged subclass

Latin scientific name: housefly (Linnaeus, 1758)

Class: Insecta

Type: housefly

Genus: musk

Objective: Diptera

Suborder: roundmouth nematodes

Phylum: Arthropod phylum

Chinese name: housefly

Field: animal kingdom

Family: Muscidae

Yamen: Six-legged Yamen

Subsubfamily: Myosubfamily

Family: Musca domestica

brief introduction

Housefly (1758)

Diptera is a common insect in Muscidae, whose scientific name is housefly, 1758. It is dark gray, with a dirty yellow area on the abdomen and vertical stripes on the chest. Body length is about 5 ~ 7 mm (0.2 ~ 0.3 inch). Compound eyes are remarkable, with about 4000 small eyes. No biting, only licking. Due to the surface tension secreted by the paw pads under each paw on the foot, houseflies can walk on their backs on vertical glass windows or ceilings. Female flies lay more than 0.8 ~ 100 slender eggs (length 0.8 ~ 1mm) and 600 ~ 1000 eggs at a time. Incubation 12 ~ 24 hours. Larvae are called maggots, dirty white and about 12 mm (0.5 inch) long. After molting several times, it becomes a pupa. During eclosion, the head swells into front cells and breaks through the end of pupa shell.

Appearance characteristics

The body length is about 8- 12mm. The body color is pure gray-black, without other obvious markings or colors; The compound eye is reddish brown. The fourth longitudinal vein is angular, with four longitudinal stripes on the chest and back. The whole body is covered with fine hair. Six feet, a pair of thin and light wings. A pair of tiny tentacles.

living environment

This species is the most widely distributed housefly. The amphibians of larvae are mainly garbage dumps and chicken manure piles, so there are often very large populations near chicken farms or farms and orchards with chicken manure as compost, which can be regarded as extremely serious environmental health pests.

Breeding characteristics

(1) short life cycle The life cycle of houseflies is short. Under suitable temperature and humidity conditions, one generation is completed every 14- 18 days. Generally, it takes only 10- 1 1 day for fly maggots to develop from eggs to adults, and it takes only 4-5 days for them to develop from eggs to adults. The cycle is much shorter than raising other insects.

(2) Strong reproductive ability and high production efficiency. The reproductive ability of houseflies is amazing. According to Sun Gang et al, 480 species of flies (the weight of larvae is 0.69g) produced 65438 0.086.7g larvae in 65438 0.575 times. If the production space and test conditions permit, 1 7 1 1.6 kg larvae can be produced after 16 days; If it continues to proliferate for three generations, it can reach 2695.8 tons, which is nearly 4 billion times higher than the initial population. This means that once the houseflies are given suitable living conditions, their reproduction will be considerable. As a lower animal, although the assimilation efficiency of insects is only about half that of mammals, its production efficiency is 15-40 times that of mammals, which is unmatched by other methods for producing animal protein so far. If pigs and cows grow at this rate after birth, their weight will reach 325 kg and 7500 kg respectively in five days.

(3) Housefly, omnivorous and addicted to animal excrement, can survive in almost all kinds of organic humic substances, and the leftovers of agricultural and sideline products such as rice bran, wheat bran, bean dregs, distiller's grains and industrial waste residue can be used for maggot breeding. Especially fly maggots, like pig manure, cow manure, chicken manure, duck manure and other livestock manure very much. A livestock and poultry farm with a fly maggot farm is equivalent to establishing an insect protein feed factory. Livestock manure with maggots is odorless, fertile and loose, and it is a high-quality organic fertilizer. The ability of fly maggots to treat feces is 10 times that of earthworms, and this special transformation function is beyond the reach of other insects. Breeding fly maggots by using livestock manure is low in price and production cost, which has far-reaching environmental benefits and social significance.

(4) Strong adaptability to the environment. Houseflies often haunt dirty places and are exposed to numerous germs, but they are safe and sound, and will not be infected by these germs. This is because their immune function is excellent. Scientists have found that houseflies can produce a variety of effective substances to fight bacteria and viruses. At the international symposium on life sciences held in 1982, Professor Ji Jun Shinichi of the University of Tokyo published a quite sensational report. They extracted an "antibacterial active protein" from the secretion of houseflies, which has strong bactericidal and antiviral abilities. As long as the concentration is one ten thousandth, it can kill all kinds of bacteria and viruses. At the same time, an anticancer active protein was also found, which has a strong inhibitory effect on cancer cells. 65438-0993 Professor Zhang Wenji of China Agricultural University and others extracted bioactive substances from the feed residue of housefly larvae, which had inhibitory effects on cotton wilt, damping-off and apple soft rot. In addition, the reason why houseflies don't get sick is that the CI organs of houseflies can be stretched and folded, and they can vomit and excrete while eating, so that the germs eaten in the stomach are abandoned long before they "settle down" and reproduce.

(5) The production of fly maggots is simple and easy, and the cultivation of houseflies is easy to be controlled manually, so it can be industrialized indoors. Fly maggots are suitable for high-density breeding (1 fly only needs 8- 10 cm 3 space), and a 50cm×50cm×50cm fly cage can feed1-1.2000 adult flies. Large-scale and industrialized production technology of fly maggots and production of biochemical products of fly maggots in China