What is the meaning of "who has never lived or died since ancient times, and has a pure heart to shine in history"

"Who hasn't died in life since ancient times? Take the heart of Dan and shine. " Since ancient times, people have to die! If you can serve your country faithfully, you will still shine after your death and go down in history.

This poem was written by Wen Tianxiang in the Song Dynasty. The original poem is as follows:

Guo yang

Wen Tianxiang [Song Dynasty]

Once the effort comes, there will be fewer stars around.

The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is floating, and life experiences are ups and downs.

The beach of fear says fear, and there is a sigh in the ocean.

Who hasn't died since ancient times? Take the heart of Dan and follow history.

What does the whole poem mean? Translated into vernacular as follows:

In retrospect, I experienced many hardships in my early years in the imperial examination, and now it has been four years since the end of the war.

The national crisis is like catkins in the gale, and my life is ups and downs like duckweed in the rain, drifting without roots and ups and downs.

I'm afraid of the fiasco on the beach, but I'm stuck in Yuan Lu in the ocean, and I've been alone ever since.

Since ancient times, people have to die! If you can serve your country faithfully, you will still shine after your death and go down in history.

There are some words that I think it is necessary to explain separately in order to better understand the meaning of this poem:

Lingdingyang: Lingdingyang is "Ding Yang". Now it is outside the Pearl River Estuary in Guangdong Province. 1at the end of 278, Wen Tianxiang led an army to fight fiercely with the Yuan Army in Wupoling, Guangdong, and was defeated and captured. He was once imprisoned on a ship.

Accidental encounter: Accidental court selection.

Since then, because he was proficient in a Confucian classic and passed the imperial examination, he was used as an official by the court. At the age of twenty, Wen Tianxiang won the first prize.

Battle: refers to the war against Yuan. Liáo waterfall: desolate and cold. One is "falling". Four stars: the fourth anniversary. Wen Tianxiang fought Yuan from 1275 to 1278, which lasted four years.

Catkin: catkin.

Ping: duckweed.

Fear Beach: In today's wanan county, Jiangxi Province, it is a dangerous beach in the Ganjiang River. 1277, Wen Tianxiang was defeated by the Yuan Army in Jiangxi, with heavy casualties, and his wife and children were also captured by the Yuan Army. He retreated to Fujian through the beach of fear.

Chiding: Lonely and helpless.

Dan Xin: Red heart means loyalty.

History: the same sweat, history. In ancient times, bamboo slips were used to write, which was first dried with fire. After drying, it was easy to write, and it was not moth-eaten. It was also called history books.

What is the background of the author's writing this poem?

This poem was written in the second year of Song Xiangxing (AD 1279). In the first year of Song Xiangxing (1278), Wen Tianxiang was defeated and captured in Wupoling, Haifeng, Guangdong, and was taken to the ship. This poem was written when he crossed Lingdingyang in the second year. After being escorted to the cliff mountain, Zhang Hongfan forced him to write a letter to make Zhang Shijie, Lu Xiufu and others who stood on the cliff mountain surrender. Wen Tianxiang showed this poem to show his ambition.

Now that we know the creation background and the meaning of the whole poem, let's enjoy it together:

In the first two sentences of this poem, the poet reviews his life; The middle four sentences clearly express the author's understanding of the current situation. The last two sentences are the author's choice of his own destiny without hesitation. The whole poem shows impassioned patriotic enthusiasm, lofty moral integrity and the outlook on life, which is a lofty expression of the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation.

"once you encounter hard work, the stars are scattered around." The word "from the first day" should refer to Tianxiang's 20-year-old Jinshi, and "around four stars" means four years. The first year of Tianxiang (A.D. 1275, Zhao,? The title of Wang Wei Zhao Min in the Southern Song Dynasty was captured in the first year of Xiangxing (A.D. 1278), just four years. This self-narrative life, thinking about the present and recalling the past. From the time point of view, "WTO entry" and "diligent king" are two major events, one is personal origin, and the other is national peril. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, as an intellectual, if he wanted to defend his country, he had to pass the imperial examination and read classics. When Wen Tianxiang was killed, there was a self-praise article in his belt that said, "From time to time, you are innocent after reading the books of sages", which tied the two things together. The works of saints are called classics, which govern the country and make it safe.

These two poems are about two things, which seem to be separate and independent, but in essence they are linked together. There are few fights, and the meaning is similar. "History of Song Dynasty" said that after thanking Qin Wang at that time, few people responded, and the situation here is a historical fact.

"The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is floating, and life experiences are ups and downs." Or from the country and the individual two aspects to expand and describe in depth. Song dynasty abandoned Lin' an and respectfully presented to Emperor Zhao? Captured, actually extinct. What is left is that the local military and civilians automatically organize themselves to resist. Wen Tianxiang, Zhang Shijie and others supported Duan, who died of fright in the escape, who lived in Zhao Yu. Lu Xiufu rebuilt the eight-year CCB Palace in Zhao Min on the cliff and went into exile. It is more vivid to describe this situation with broken mountains and rivers, and to say that "the wind is floating". At this point, Wen Tianxiang's mother was captured, his wife and concubine were imprisoned, and his eldest son died. Like duckweed on the water, there is no one to support it.

"Fear of the beach says fear, and there is a sigh in the ocean." Continue to recall different situations and moods in the past and now. I used to be afraid of the beach, worried about the country and the people, and I was fearful; Today, I am alone in the ocean, sighing alone. Huangjitan is one of the eighteen beaches in Ganjiang River, which is fast-flowing and frightening, also known as fear beach. Formerly known as Huanggongtan, it was mistakenly called Huanggongtan because of its similar pronunciation. The beach is in Ganjiang River, wanan county, Jiangxi Province, and Wen Tianxiang passed by here when he started his army. Ling is in Yashan Mountain, 0/5 miles away from Guangdong Pearl River/Kloc-,and now the famous actress and Wen Tianxiang are defeated and captured, and escorted here. The former is a memory, and the latter is the current reality. Both of them have experienced it personally. One is a war general and the other is a prisoner. Pretending to be a war general and facing powerful enemies, I'm afraid I can't complete the mission of defending my country. As a prisoner, only one person is lonely. Here, "the wind is floating", "the rain is beating ping", "the beach of fear" and "the ocean of the ocean" are all the immediate scenery, handy, neat and natural, vivid and vivid, showing a cavity of grief and indignation and full of blood and tears.

"Who hasn't died in life since ancient times? Take the heart of Dan and shine. " When the pen gesture changes, it suddenly dives, crossing from the present to the future, pushing away the reality and revealing the ideal. Such a conclusion is like knocking on the bell. The style of the whole poem changes suddenly, from depression to development, bold and free and easy. "Who hasn't died in life since ancient times? Take the heart of Dan and shine on history! " He collected the whole article with majestic momentum and high-pitched emotions, showing his national integrity and his view of life and death at the expense of righteousness. It is true that Wen Tianxiang integrated poetry with life, and poetry with personality. A masterpiece of a thousand years, with high sentiment, inspires and inspires countless people with lofty ideals to devote themselves heroically to the just cause throughout the ages.

Finally, I think it is necessary to introduce the author of this article:

Wen Tianxiang (1236.6.6-1283.1.9), also known as Song Rui, was a Taoist priest. Han nationality, a native of Luling (now Ji 'an County, Jiangxi Province), was a minister, writer and national hero in the late Southern Song Dynasty. Baoyu was a scholar for four years (1256) and became a prime minister and an envoy of the Tang Dynasty. He was sent to the Yuan army barracks to negotiate and was detained. After getting out of danger, he went to Tangwan, Taixian County via Gaoyou, and returned to the south from Nantong, insisting on resisting Yuan. In the first year of Xiangxing (1278), he was defeated and captured by Zhang Hongfan. He struggled in prison for more than three years, and then died peacefully in Chai Shi. He is the author of Yang, Wenshan Poetry Collection, Southern Notes, Guide Notes, Songs of Meaning, etc.