Joan of Arc, can you tell me the story of Joan of Arc? Be specific.

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Joan of Arc on March 28th, 430, according to the trial testimony of the Inquisition; Joan was born in East Remy, a village at the junction of Champagne-Ardennes and Lorraine provinces in France. Her father is Jacques Duck and her mother is Isabella Duck. She has three brothers and a sister.

Her parents own about 50 acres of land and run a farm. At the same time, her father still holds a less important official position in the village, responsible for collecting taxes and leading the work of guarding the village. This village belongs to a small isolated area in northeast France that is still loyal to the French royal family and surrounded by Burgundy territory. During Joan's childhood, the village suffered several attacks, one of which even caused a fire in the village.

At that time, a large area of Normandy in France was occupied by the British army, and these areas were likely to become British territory permanently in the name of the "second kingdom". The French king at that time was charles vi, and charles vi went crazy at 14 12, unable to handle political affairs at all. Two relatives of the king, duke of burgundy Jean sans Peur and Louis, Duke of Orleans, often quarrel over the custody of the regime and members of the royal family. However, when the scandal of Queen Isabella's extramarital affairs came out, the struggle between the two factions heated up sharply and they began to kidnap members of the royal family. The struggle reached its climax in 1407, and Jean sans Peur planned to assassinate Duke Louis. The supporters of these two men are called Burgundy (John) and Armagnac (Louis).

Henry V, the king of England, invaded France through the chaos of this political struggle, won a dramatic victory in the Battle of Ginkul in 14 15, and then occupied the towns in northern France. The future French King Charles VII succeeded to the title of Crown Prince at the age of 15 after the death of his four brothers. His first major action was to conclude a peace agreement with Jean sans Peur in 14 19, but this negotiation turned into a disaster. Charlie promised to protect John's safety in advance, but John was assassinated by the Armagnac faction during the negotiation. Duke of burgundy was succeeded by Philippe III le Bon, who made an alliance with Britain, and a large part of French territory was occupied by Britain and Burgundy.

1420, Queen Isabella signed the treaty of troyes, which stipulated that "Henry V of England and his heirs will inherit the French royal family, but Henry VI must marry Princess Catherine, the daughter of charles vi. After the death of charles vi, the throne will be inherited by their children and merged with Britain and France. " The treaty also aroused the opinion that the Crown Prince was actually the illegitimate son of the Queen and the Duke of Orleans, rather than the biological son of King Charles, and deprived the Crown Prince of his right of inheritance, which was strongly opposed by French nobles. Henry VI of England was not formally crowned because he was young, but he became the king of Britain and France in name. All these provide favorable conditions for Charles VII's opposition.

By 1429, almost all of northern France and part of southwestern France were under foreign control. England occupied Paris and Burgundy occupied Reims. The importance of Reims lies in that it has always been a traditional place for the coronation and conferring ceremony of the French king, especially when the French royal family who claimed the throne has not yet been crowned. England then attacked Orleans on the Loire River, which became the last strategic place to stop the British from marching into the remaining French territory. The survival of the French nation is facing an unprecedented crisis. According to modern historians, "the fate of the whole kingdom depends on Orleans". But not many people were optimistic about the future of Orleans at that time.

[Edit this paragraph] Enlightenment and Mission

According to the inquisition's reply, 1425 One day when Joan was sixteen years old, she met the angels St. Michael, St. Margaret and St. Catherine under the big tree behind the village, heard the "voice" and got the "revelation from God". She was asked to lead the army to recover France occupied by the British at that time, and to lead the Crown Prince to Reims for the coronation ceremony. 1428 In May, Joan asked her relative Durand La Suva to take her to Vaucouleurs nearby to visit the local garrison commander Bortree Cote, explaining her purpose and hoping to take her to Chinon where the Crown Prince is located. But Porterie Kurt just laughed at her and told her to leave.

In the second year 1 month, Joan came again, accompanied by two soldiers who supported her. With their support, she got a second interview. During the conversation, she also gave some magical war situation predictions, predicting that the French army near Orleans would be defeated (the Battle of Herring). After the news from the front confirmed Joan's prediction, Botcott finally agreed to escort her to Chinon. Charles VII who heard the news met Joan. In the reception palace, Joan didn't salute the person dressed as a prince, but found Charles VII who was mixed with his cronies and told the secret talk between Charlie and his staff. However, due to the deletion of religious judgments, the authenticity of this information cannot be confirmed. After the meeting, she left a deep impression on Charlie, who then instructed a background investigation and theological examination of Joan in poitiers to prove her morality. At this time, Charlie's mother-in-law Gorland raised money and launched an expedition to save Orleans. Joan asked to take part in the expedition and put on knight's equipment. Because she doesn't have her own funds, her armor, horses, swords, flags and followers are donated by others. To this end, historians have put forward this explanation for why Joan of Arc was appointed:

"The shameful failure on the battlefield year after year has made the French government demoralized and discredited in the leadership of the army and the people. When Prince Charles agreed that Joan of Arc would lead the army to prepare for the war, he must have tried almost all the formal and rational strategic choices but failed. Only at the last moment of life and death, but the powerless regime will believe in a rural illiterate girl who claims to be inspired by God in despair and let her command the country's army. "

In April, Joan set out from Orleans to fight the British army. Joan's army arrived at the battlefield on April 29th 1429, but Duke Dunnoy, the commander of the French army at that time, and other generals drew up their own battle plans and started fighting without telling Joan. When Joan noticed this, she flew into a rage and ignored the judgment of other experienced commanders that they planned to supply Orleans first. Joan advocates a direct attack on England. She threw herself into every small-scale battle, stood at the forefront of the battle and carried her obvious flag with her.

Joan despises the tactics of the French generals, who are always cautious. On the battlefield, she attacked those British fortresses with a fierce frontal attack. After capturing several fortresses, the British army began to abandon other wooden defensive buildings and concentrate its remaining forces on defending a stone fortress, Fort Turell, which controls the bridge outside Orleans. On May 7th, the French army began to attack Turell. Joan was shot in the shoulder by an arrow in the battle and was carried away from the front line by soldiers, but she quickly pulled out her arrow and returned to the battlefield injured to lead the final offensive. But afterwards, she cried uneasily, which made people feel that she was still a little girl, an ordinary peasant girl, fighting for her mission! A girl for her country!

The rapid victory in Orleans led the French army to plan further attacks. The British predicted that the next target of the French army would be Paris or Normandy; Duke Dunnois later confirmed that this was indeed the original goal, but Joan insisted on attacking Lance. After a series of sudden victories, Joan persuaded Charlie to give her and the Duke of Arancon full command of the army, and was allowed to attack the bridge near the Rolle River as a prelude to the later attack on Reims. This is a rather bold proposal, because the distance of Reims is twice that of Paris, and it has penetrated into enemy territory.

The French army captured Yarrow on June 12, Merner on the Loire River on June 15, and Bojean West on June 17. The Duke of Arancon fully supported Joan's decision. Other generals, including Duke Dunnoyes, were also impressed by Joan's victory in Orleans and turned to support Joan's loyal supporters. Joan was still fighting in Zagreb. She saved Arancon's life by warning him to avoid the incoming gunfire. In the same battle, she was hit by a stone while climbing the siege ladder, but she continued to fight. On June 18, the expected British reinforcements arrived, and the British commander was John Fastov. The Battle of Patty can be regarded as a reversal of the Battle of Ginkul: the French vanguard launched a surprise attack before the British longbowmen were ready, and in the subsequent battles, they annihilated or captured a large number of British troops and captured British commanders. Fastov, who fled with a small number of soldiers, became the scapegoat for Britain's shameful failure. The French army suffered only minimal casualties in the battle.

On June 29th, the French army began to attack Reims from Mern on the Royal River. On July 3rd, Oszer remained neutral in the negotiations with Oszer in Burgundy, so the French army was able to pass, and all other passing towns returned to France without any resistance. Trouvat signed the treaty of troyes, and after being besieged for four days, he surrendered without shedding a drop of blood. When the army arrived in Trouvat, they were faced with the problem of insufficient food supply. It is said that Joan met a monk named "Brother Richard" at this time. Brother Richard has been preaching the warning that the end of the world is coming in Trouvat for a long time, so local farmers have switched to beans-crops that can ripen early. When the army arrived and the beans were just ripe, the food problem was solved. This legend was written by the historian Lucy? Smith quoted him as saying that Joan of Arc actually played a sanctified role, not some practical abilities.

Joan thinks people have no reason to kill. She is concerned about her flag, not her sword. Recently, scholars often pointed out in the interpretation of trial testimony that the officers who followed her regarded her as a resourceful tactician and a successful strategist. "She went on to lead the army to a series of incredible victories and turned the whole war around." 1429 July, the siege of England collapsed, and the French army created an extraordinary victory under her leadership.

The city of Lansing opened its doors in July 16, and Charles VII was crowned in the Cathedral of Lansing in July 1429, becoming the official French king. By the time of the coronation, Charles VII's advisers had begun to consider foreign policy, although Joan of Arc and Arancon strongly advocated attacking Paris. Duke Philip of Burgundy used negotiation as a delaying tactic, while secretly strengthening the defense of Paris. The French army continued to advance to Paris and gained more peaceful surrenders in the towns. British and French troops led by the Duke of Bedford met on August 15, 2005, and the two sides were tied. The French army then attacked Paris on September 8. Although Joan was injured in the leg by a stone crossbow in the battle, she continued to command the army until the end of the battle that day. The next morning, she received an order from the royal family to order the French army to retreat. Many historians blame this retreat on the political mistakes made by the French minister, Duke Latreille Moyer.

Joan of Arc was captured by the Principality of Burgundy in a skirmish in Compiè ne in 1430, and soon became a famous French heroine in Britain at the age of 17, but was executed three years later at the age of 20. Twenty years later, when the British were completely expelled from France, Joan's elderly mother persuaded Pope Callixtus III to review Joan's case, and she was finally rehabilitated at 1456. Later, on May 1920, he was canonized by Benedict XV.