How to teach children to learn pinyin spelling

1. Learn to pronounce in context. The "situation map" in the primary school Chinese textbook published by People's Education Publishing House helps children build a bridge between oral life and pinyin learning, and allows children to establish the connection between letter symbols and specific pronunciation by virtue of oral experience, and change from spontaneous natural oral pronunciation to conscious and recognizable standard letter pronunciation. For example, when teaching the initials "b p m f", our teacher first lets the students observe the situation map in the book and tell them who is drawn on it and what they are doing. Help students find out the existing oral experience similar to the pronunciation of letters in their minds. Then according to the students' answers, guide the children to read pictures and make up their own children's songs to remember pinyin, such as "listening to the radio" and "crawling". Tell students to read "broadcast" lightly and short, that is, the initial "b" sound, and read "slope" lightly and short, that is, the initial "p" sound. With the help of "Erjing", letters can be easily pronounced, making students feel that letters are kind, familiar and easy to learn. 2. Understand the key points of pronunciation in imitation. In order to read letters correctly, teachers need to demonstrate and guide them correctly. "It is better to say it ten times than to do it once." Our teacher attaches great importance to demonstration pronunciation and guides children to "look" seriously-observe the teacher's mouth shape when pronouncing; Listen carefully-listen to the correct pronunciation of letters; Read aloud-imitate the teacher and practice reading by yourself; Take the initiative to "speak"-simplify the pronunciation points into jingles or nursery rhymes, and remember them as you speak. For example, when teaching the pronunciation of the single vowel A, our teacher exaggeratedly opens his mouth first, guides the students to look at the mouth shape and listens to the teacher pronounce "A". Then explain the pronunciation method of "A", the mouth is wide, the pronunciation is long and loud, and the mouth shape remains the same during the pronunciation. Finally, let the children imitate and practice their own pronunciation of A, and lead the children to make the pronunciation essentials into a jingle "Open your mouth A A A A A A A A", clap your hands together, say and remember. I let my children go home as primary school teachers every day, one is to consolidate the knowledge they learned that day, and the other is to let parents observe whether their children's pronunciation is correct, so as to promote their interest in learning and increase their self-confidence in learning through such interaction. While doing a good job of phonetic demonstration, our teachers should consciously guide students to discover the pronunciation rules of vowels and initials, learn to draw inferences from others, and cultivate students' self-learning ability. Chinese phonetic alphabet can be divided into four groups: single vowel, initial, complex vowel (including a special vowel R) and nasal vowel. These phonetic symbols have their own rules to follow in pronunciation parts and methods. For example, the pronunciation mouth size of single vowel a o e i u ü is related to their arrangement order; Most initials have to break through obstacles to pronounce; Complex vowels are mostly composed of two single vowels, and the pronunciation quickly slides from the sound of the previous letter to the sound of the next letter; Nasal vowels are vowels followed by nasal sounds as endings. In teaching, children can find laws through observation and comparison, such as: lip force b p m, lip force f f f；; With the force D and T on the tip of the tongue, students can be guided to discover the pronunciation rules of vowels and initials, and understand the internal relationship between a group of letters, so that students can know how to pronounce them when they see the shapes of letters, without rote memorization, making "teaching" and "learning" easy and simple. 3. Master the pronunciation method in the experience. Pinyin teaching should pay attention to listening and reading training, but if teachers and students always read repeatedly, it will easily cause brain fatigue and make children tired. Psychologists tell us that the visual sensitivity of early school-age children increases rapidly. When stimuli act on different analyzers at the same time, the richer the individual attributes of things perceived by the cerebral cortex, the more complete and accurate the perception of things. Therefore, in order to make children learn firmly and happily, when teaching letter pronunciation, we must find the image support for the sound, so that the abstract pronunciation method can be seen and touched. For example, when teaching the pronunciation of initials b p, teachers can let students look at the pronunciation of initials b p in a small mirror first, understand the homophony characteristics of initials b p, and then let students pronounce b p on a small piece of paper or palm, feel and experience the strength of airflow when pronouncing initials b p, so as to distinguish the differences of B P pronunciation and pronounce it correctly. In the teaching of N and L, I asked the children to put their hands on the two wings of their noses to feel the fluctuation of airflow, and put their hands on the corners of their mouths to feel that their mouths would crack, and their expressions should be smiling. 4. Experience the spelling of syllables in repeated practice. There is more than one way to spell. It's not enough for elementary school students to learn pinyin in a short time by rote memorization. In teaching, we must pay attention to the guidance of spelling methods and let children learn to draw inferences from others. There is more than one way to spell syllables. In teaching, we teachers should teach students in accordance with their aptitude. For example, when I was teaching "initial b p m f" and vowel spelling, because it was the first lesson to learn spelling, I chose two spelling methods that were relatively easy for students to master. First of all, I will show the spelling process of syllables in the form of stories and teaching AIDS to make the "dead" syllables move. Then it introduces the essentials of two spellings: "The first sound is light and short, then the second sound is heavy, and the two sounds are connected together, with a bang." Guide students to learn spelling. However, some children can't spell like this. They don't know how to connect two sounds. B and a were spelled together and accidentally spelled pa. For such a child, I will let him read the initials and finals together first, and then read faster and faster to help collide with pinyin. For example, when teaching students to spell the syllable "ba", students can read the initials and vowels "b-a, b-a, b-a" first, and gradually speed up the reading, and the last two sounds collide and merge into one, and exhale "b a", "b a" and "b a" in one breath. This method of "combining sound and rhyme" is used as a concrete interpretation and supplement to the two spelling methods of "two sounds connected, bang", and the two methods are effectively integrated to help children with spelling difficulties master spelling skills. For children with a good foundation, they are also encouraged to call directly and teach flexibly to achieve the same goal through different routes. Parents had better study with their children, especially to correct their pronunciation. A good way is to practice together in front of the mirror, which will get twice the result with half the effort. In the process of learning pinyin, children will certainly encounter problems of one kind or another. Parents don't worry. On the one hand, we should actively cooperate with the teaching work and pay attention to the teaching content, urge the children to finish their homework seriously, and prepare and consolidate the children's counseling. On the other hand, we should also run in with children, pay close attention to children's learning dynamics, be prepared to study with children, and truly become a good helper for children's learning.