Classical Chinese and Mozi Translation

1. Translate China's ancient Han Yu's Reading. Confucianism mocked Mohism's thoughts of Shang Tong, universal love and Shang Xian, and admitted the existence of ghosts and gods, but Confucius revered officials and never spoke ill of officials in that country. Isn't it "Shang Tong" that satirizes autocratic officials in Spring and Autumn Annals? Confucius cared about all people and personally practiced the concept of benevolence and righteousness, and adopted extensive charity to help all people become saints. Isn't this "universal love"? Confucius attached importance to talents, praised his disciples in four subjects: morality, speech, politics and literature, and was ashamed of his reputation when he died. Isn't this "Shang Xian"? Confucius advocated that when offering sacrifices to ancestors, he should be as respectful as before, and satirized those who made false sacrifices and said, "I should enjoy the benefits my ancestors gave me when offering sacrifices." Isn't this proof of the existence of ghosts and gods? Both Confucianism and Mohism admire Yao Di and Shun Di, oppose Xia Jie and Shang Zhou, and pay attention to self-cultivation and correct mentality to govern the world. Why don't they agree with each other as they do now? I think the difference arises from the students of later generations, in order to praise the theory that others are always online, not the original intention of the two teachers' thoughts. Confucius should learn from Mozi's thoughts, and Mozi should also learn from Confucius' thoughts. It is not enough to form your own thoughts without learning from each other.

Note: Shang Tong, Shang Xian, Universal Love, and Mystery are all Mozi's thoughts.

2. Mozi Shouyi translated the original text in classical Chinese:

The bus board is the machinery for building ladders in Chu State, which will attack the Song Dynasty. Mozi heard about it and set out from Qi for ten days and ten nights. As for Ying, he saw a failed bid. The loser said, "What is your master's life?" Zi Mozi said, "I am willing to kill the minister in the north with my son." The public is not happy to lose. Zi Mozi said, "Please give me ten gold." The loser said, "I will never kill anyone." Zi Mozi got up and bowed, saying, "Please tell me. I'm from the north, and Wen Zi is a ladder, so I want to attack the Song Dynasty. What was the sin of the Song Dynasty? Jing is more than the ground, but not as good as people. It is unwise to fight for the rest after killing enough; Attacking the song dynasty without blaming it is not benevolent. Knowing without arguing is not loyalty. It is not strong to defeat the enemy without fighting. If you don't kill less and kill more, you can't be said to be ignorant. " Public transport services. Zi Mozi said, "Of course, are you bored?" The loser said, "No, I am the word king." Mozi said, "Don't you see me?" The public loser said, "Yes."

When Zi Mozi saw the king, he said, "Today, some people give up their selected works and neighbors want to steal them; Give up its splendid scenery, neighbors have short brown and want to steal it; If you give up your meat, your neighbor will have a bad meal and want to steal it. Why is this a person? " The king said, "There must be theft." Zi Mozi said, "The land of Jing is 5,000 Li, and the land of Song is 500 Li", which is the same as the Selected Works. Jing has a cloud dream, rhinoceros and elk are full, Jianghan fish, turtle and catfish are rich in the world, and Song has no pheasant, rabbit and fox, so it is better to beam meat bran. Jing You, Wen Zi, Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties have long trees, which are still beautiful and short brown. I took the king to attack the Song Dynasty, which is the same kind. Seeing the king will hurt my sense of justice. "The king said," good! Although the bus section is a ladder for me, I must take the song. "

So I saw the bus board, and Zi Mozi took the belt as the city and took death as the weapon. The bus board set up siege machines nine times, and Zi Mozi was nine miles away. The attack of the losing set was exhausted, and Mozi's defense was more than enough. Volkswagen lost the game, but said, "I know that's why I'm far away, so I won't say anything." Zi Mozi also said, "I know that Zi left me because I didn't say anything." When the king of Chu asked him why, Zi Mozi said, "I lost my son's intention and wanted to kill my minister. Kill the minister, Song Mo can keep it and attack it. And I disciple bird slip Li and other three hundred people, but has been in Song Cheng to keep the instrument of the mouth, waiting for Chu Kou. Even if you kill a minister, you cannot kill him. " The king of Chu said, "Good! Please don't attack the Song Dynasty. "

When Mozi returned to China, it rained to shelter him after the Song Dynasty, and the people he raised were not there. Therefore, as the saying goes, "no one knows who governs God, and everyone knows who strives for clarity."

Translation:

The bus board built a ladder for Chu State, which will be used to attack Song State. Hearing this, Mozi got up from Qi, walked for ten days and ten nights, and went to Ying, the capital of Chu, to see the loser. The loser said, "What will you tell me?" Mozi said, "There is a bully in the north, and he is willing to kill him with your help." Public loss is not happy. Mozi said, "I am willing to give you ten gold coins." The loser said, "I am just and will never kill anyone." Mozi stood up and bowed to the loser again and said, "Please tell me something about this. I heard in the north that you built a ladder and will use it to attack the state of Song. What was the crime of Song State? The land in Chu is surplus and the population is insufficient. It is not wisdom to sacrifice the insufficient population and plunder the surplus land now. We can't say that Song Gong is innocent. Knowing this without arguing cannot be called loyalty. Arguments without results are unconvincing. You don't kill one person, you kill many people. You can't say that you are a smart person. " The loser persuaded him. Mozi asked him again, "Then, why not cancel the attack on Song State?" The public loser said, "No ... I have already told the King of Chu." Mozi said, "Why don't you introduce me to the King of Chu?" The loser said, "Good."

Mozi saw the king of Chu and said, "Now there is a man here who has abandoned his gorgeous silk. His neighbor has a rough coat, but he intends to steal it." Abandoning their own delicious food, neighbors only have dross, but they intend to steal it. What kind of person is this? The king of Chu replied, "This man must have been stolen. Mozi said: "Chu is five thousand miles away;" Fiona Fang, the seat of Song Kingdom, is 500 miles away in Fiona Fang. Compared with a broken car, it is simply a floating car. Chu has an endless sea of clouds, full of rhinoceros, deer and elk. Fish, turtles, catfish and catfish in the Yangtze River and Hanshui River are the most abundant in the world. There were no pheasants, rabbits or foxes in the Song Dynasty, which is like comparing delicious food with dross. Chu has precious wood such as giant pine, catalpa bungeana, nanmu and camphor tree. Song doesn't even have a big tree. It's like comparing gorgeous silk with coarse clothes. From these three aspects, I think that Chu's attack on the Song Dynasty is the same as that of a thief. I think, your majesty, it is certainly immoral for you to do so, but you can't rely on Song State. " The king of Chu said, "Good! Even so, the public loss plate has built a ladder for me, and I must capture the Song State. "

So I called the loser to meet again. Mozi took off his belt and surrounded it like a besieged city, using small pieces of wood as a garrison. Nine times the bus plate was equipped with ingenious and changeable equipment to attack the city, and Mozi resisted his attack nine times. The equipment used in the offensive and defensive battles of the public losing set was used up, and Mozi's defensive tactics were left. The loser was depressed, but said, "I know what to do with you, but I won't say." When the king of Chu asked why, Mozi replied, "Losing the game means just to kill me. Kill me, Song has no one to defend, you can attack. However, 200 people, including my disciple Bird Slip Li, have already taken my defensive equipment and are waiting for the invading army of Chu State in the capital of Song State. Even if you kill me, the defenders can't kill me. " The king of Chu said, "Good! I will not attack Song. "

Mozi returned from Chu and passed by Song Dynasty. It was raining. He went to the Green Gate to take shelter from the rain, but the keeper of the Green Gate refused to accept him. Therefore, he said, "people don't know the credit for his use of magical machines;" But people who argue endlessly in the light know him. "

3. 17 lost the classical Chinese translation of Mozi. The lost disk is the machine that made the ladder. When it is completed, it will attack the Song Dynasty.

Mozi heard about it and set out from Qi for ten days and ten nights. As for Ying, he saw a failed bid. The loser said, "What is your master's life?" Zi Mozi said, "Those who insult ministers in the north are willing to kill them by borrowing their sons."

Don't say that the public loses. Zi Mozi said, "Please give me ten gold."

The loser said, "I will never kill anyone." Zi Mozi got up and bowed, saying, "Please tell me.

I learned from the north that I would attack the Song Dynasty. What was the sin of the Song Dynasty? Jingzhou has a lot of land and a shortage of people. It is unwise to fight for all the rest.

Attacking the song dynasty without blaming it is not benevolent. Knowing without arguing is not loyalty.

It is not strong to defeat the enemy without fighting. Righteousness does not kill less and kills more, which cannot be described by knowing the class. "

Public transport services. Zi Mozi said, "Of course, is it endless?" The loser said, "No, I am the word king."

Mozi said, "Don't you see me?" The public loser said, "Yes." When Zi Mozi saw the king, he said, "There are people here today, but they want to steal their Selected Works.": Give up its splendid scenery, neighbors have short brown and want to steal it; Cutting meat, neighbors have chaff and want to steal it.

Why is this human? "The king said," this must be a stolen disease. "Zi Mozi said," The land of Jing is five thousand Li, and the land of Song is five hundred Li, which is the same as the anthology. Jing has a cloud dream, rhinoceros and elk are full, Jianghan fish, turtle and catfish are rich in the world, and Song has no pheasant, rabbit and fox, so it is better to beam meat bran. Jing You, Wen Zi, Yan, Fang, Nan, and Song have no long trees, but they are beautiful and short brown.

I attacked Song with three things, similar to this one. Seeing you will hurt my righteousness. "

The king said, "Good! Although the bus section is a ladder for me, I must bring Song. " So watch the public lose.

Mozi takes off the belt as the city, takes death as the machinery, sets the machine transformer of siege on bus panel 9, and sets the distance between Mozi and nine (4). When the public pass is exhausted, Mozi has more than enough defense (5).

The public lost the game (6) and said, "I know, so I'm far away, so I don't say anything." Zi Mozi also said, "I know that Zi left me because I didn't say anything."

When the king of Chu asked him why, Zi Mozi said, "If the public loses his son's will and wants to kill the minister, Song Mo can defend and attack him." But I disciple bird slip Li and other three hundred people, have kept the instrument of the mouth of the minister, waiting for Chu Kou in Song Cheng.

Although you killed a minister, you can't kill him. "The king said," good! Please don't attack the Song Dynasty. "

Mozi returned to the Song Dynasty. It's raining, and the watchman is not inside (7).

Therefore, as the saying goes, "those who treat God do not know their merits; People who struggle for clarity are well known. " [Note] (1) This article is about a bus board used as a ladder to help Chu attack Song State. Mozi got up from Qi State and went to Chu State to block the bus board. The king of Chu was going to attack Song State.

The full text vividly shows Mozi's thoughts of "universal love" and "non-aggression" From the story, we can also see Mozi's unremitting efforts to safeguard the character of justice, as well as his wit and courage. ② The first "Hu" was the "Hu" who stumbled upon by mistake, Hu: He.

(3) Selected Works: Floating. (4) Distance: Pass "Rejection".

(5) Yu: Yu. (6) Hey: Bend over.

(7) Inside: Pass "Na". [Vernacular] The Public Transport Bureau built a ladder for Chu State, which will be used to attack Song State.

Hearing this, Mozi got up from Qi, walked for ten days and ten nights, and went to Ying, the capital of Chu, to see the loser. The loser said, "What will you tell me?" Mozi said, "There is a bully in the north, and he is willing to kill him with your help."

Public loss is not happy. Mozi said, "I am willing to give you ten gold coins."

The loser said, "I am just and will never kill anyone." Mozi stood up and bowed to the loser again and said, "Please tell me something about this.

I heard in the north that you built a ladder and will use it to attack the state of Song. What was the crime of Song State? The land in Chu is surplus and the population is insufficient.

It is not wisdom to sacrifice the insufficient population and plunder the surplus land now. We can't say that Song Gong is innocent.

Knowing this without arguing cannot be called loyalty. Arguments without results are unconvincing.

You don't kill one person, you kill many people. You can't say that you are a clever man. "They lose plate took his words.

Mozi asked him again, "Then, why not cancel the attack on Song State?" The public loser said, "No ... I have already told the King of Chu."

Mozi said, "Why don't you introduce me to the King of Chu?" The loser said, "Good." Mozi saw the king of Chu and said, "Now there is a man here who has abandoned his gorgeous silk. His neighbor has a rough coat, but he intends to steal it." Abandoning their own delicious food, neighbors only have dross, but they intend to steal it.

What kind of person is this? The king of Chu replied, "This man must have been stolen. Mozi said: "Chu is five thousand miles away;" Fiona Fang, the seat of Song Kingdom, is 500 miles away in Fiona Fang. Compared with a broken car, it is simply a floating car.

Chu has a cloud dream of osawa, and rhinoceros deer and elk are full. Fish, turtles, catfish and catfish in the Yangtze River and Hanshui River are the most abundant in the world. There were no pheasants, rabbits and foxes in Song Dynasty, which is like comparing delicious food with dross. Chu has precious wood such as giant pine, catalpa bungeana, nanmu and camphor tree. Song doesn't even have a big tree, just like comparing gorgeous silk to coarse cloth and short clothes.

Judging from these three things, I think that Chu attacked Song State and people with theft are of the same type. I think your majesty, it is immoral for you to do so, but you can't call yourself Song State. "

The king of Chu said, "Good! Even so, the public transport board has built a ladder for me, and I must capture Song State. " So I called the loser to meet again.

Mozi took off his belt and surrounded it like a besieged city, using small pieces of wood as a garrison. Nine times the bus plate was equipped with ingenious and changeable equipment to attack the city, and Mozi resisted his attack nine times.

The equipment used in the offensive and defensive battles of the public losing set was used up, and Mozi's defensive tactics were left. The loser was depressed, but said, "I know what to do with you, but I won't say."

The king of Chu asked why. Mozi replied, "The meaning of losing the game is to kill me."

Kill me, Song has no one to defend, you can attack. However, 200 people, including my disciple Bird Slip Li, have already taken my defensive equipment and are waiting for the invading army of Chu State in the capital of Song State.

Even if you kill me, the defenders can't kill me. "The king said," good! I will not attack the state of Song. "

4. The short stories in classical Chinese in Zhuangzi and Mozi should be translated. Mozi can be called a witch: "Zi loves the world, but it is not good;" I don't love the world, and I'm not a thief. How can I be a person instead of me? " Zi Mozi said: "There are people who will die here today. If one person offers water, he will fill it." If you mix fire with one person, you will benefit. How can one son be more valuable than two sons? " Pockmarked Wu said, "I serve water, not mix fire with my husband." Zi Mozi said: "I am a person who cares about me, not a person who cares about me." I don't love everyone in the world and I can't talk about any harm. It didn't work. How can you think that only you are right and I am wrong? " Mozi said: "Now there is a fire, and a man brought water to douse it;" A man holds a fire and makes it burn bigger. It didn't have any consequences. Which one do you like? "Ma Zi Wu said," I agree with the will of the bearer and deny the will of the torchbearer. "Mr. Mozi said," Now you should understand that my idea of loving the world is correct, and your intention of not loving the world is wrong.

5. The classical Chinese "Mozi Mozi" said: "When the ancients were unknown as palaces, they lived in graves and the people were wet, so the sage was a palace.

As a palace law, it is said that the room is high enough for tide, the side is cold enough for cold, the building is high enough for snow and frost, and the palace wall is high enough to bid farewell to men and women. This is the ending (2). Anyone who wastes money and labor and has no benefit will not do it.

Service (3), repair its battlements, * * * without injury, use its regular (4), collect its rent, * * * without illness. The people suffer for this, and they are generous and bitter to the people.

Therefore, the sage is a palace, which is convenient for life and does not think about viewing music; It is not surprising that shoes are convenient to wear as clothes. Therefore, saving the people is based on the premise that the people of the world can get it, and the money is sufficient.

The master of today is a palace, which is different from this. We should gather the people and rob them of their food, clothing and wealth, thinking that the palace will carve Huang Qing.

If the palace is like this, it is like the law on both sides. It is because its wealth is not enough to treat the hungry and lonely, so the poor people in the country are difficult to treat. You want to rule the world, but you hate its chaos. It is necessary to make a palace.

In ancient times, clothes were unknown. Although the belt was tight, it was warm in winter and dry in summer. The holy king thought he didn't love others, so he pretended to teach his daughter, cure silk and hemp, and spread cloth and silk for the people.

For the law of clothes, it is enough to practice silk in winter, light and warm; In summer, embarrassment is enough, so let's stop here. Therefore, it is enough for saints to dress, fit their bodies and skin.

Look at those fools without honor. When it's true, a good car and a good horse don't know your price, and you don't know your happiness. What is it?

Therefore, the people are rich in food and clothing, and the family is hungry and cold. Why? It's easy to rule by others' frugality, and it's easy to save money. The treasure is full, or stay; Soldiers are not tired, and sergeants are not tired, which is enough to defy.

So overlord's industry is feasible in the world. Today's host, his clothes are different from this. It is light in winter (5) and light in summer. Everything is available, it will be thick and collected by the people, robbing the people of food and clothing, thinking that the clothing is beautiful and elegant, casting gold as a hook, and pearls and jade as a compliment.

Women work with literary talent, while men work with sculpture, thinking that they wear clothes, which is good for Feiyun. Qian Laodong (6) alone is useless. From this perspective, clothes are not for figure, but for beauty. It is difficult to treat because of its lewdness, but difficult to remonstrate because of its extravagance. The husband is a luxury king and is good at defending refugees. He wants the country to be chaotic and can't get it.

You really want to rule the world and hate its chaos, so it is necessary to wear clothes. The ancients didn't know it was divided into vegetarian food, which was made by saints, and taught people to cultivate crops and trees for the people to eat.

It is food, which is enough to replenish qi and deficiency, strengthen the body and nourish the abdomen. So it saves money with money, it feeds itself, prospers, and governs the people and the country.

Today, however, this is not the case. Some people think that food is humble, steamed fish and turtles are exhausted, big countries are exhausted and small countries are exhausted. The former abbot can't see anything, his hands can't exercise anything, his mouth can't taste anything, it's frozen in winter and decorated in summer ... (7) People eat like this, so the left and right sides are like this, which is based on the luxury of the rich and the coldness of the lonely. You really want to rule the world and hate its chaos, so eating and drinking are necessary.

In ancient times, when people were unknown and traveled by boat, the important tasks remained the same, not far away. Therefore, it is not convenient for the holy king to travel by boat. It is the boat that helps each other, and it is solid and light, but it can be long and far away. Less for money, more for profit, mainly folk music.

Therefore, the law is not urgent, the people use it for nothing, and the people don't pay it back. Today's master is a boat or a car, which is different. He has all the advantages and disadvantages, and he has the cheek to be taken away to decorate boats and cars.

Decorate the car with literary talent and decorate the boat with sculpture. Women waste textiles and cultivate literary talents, so the people are cold; Men leave their crops and carve them, so people are hungry.

People are like this, so they like it, because their people are hungry and cold, so they are evil. If there are many evils, the punishment will be deep, and if the punishment is deep, the country will be chaotic.

You really want to rule the world and hate its chaos, so traveling is essential. Everything traced back between heaven and earth, wrapped around the four seas, is the love of heaven and earth, the sum of yin and yang, but it cannot be more sacred.

How did you know? Sages have legends: heaven and earth are also up and down; At four o'clock, it is yin and yang; Human feelings, men and women; Animals also have a public mother. This is a world full of love, although there is no more old king.

Although the world is the most sacred, it must be private and not hurt, so the people have no complaints. There are no women in the palace, so there are no widows in the world.

There are no women in the house, no widows outside, and everyone in the world. Today's monarch also saves private money, and a thousand women in big countries and a hundred women in small countries are tired of it. Therefore, there are fewer men without wives, more women without husbands, and men and women are out of date, so there are fewer people.

You really want the people and hate them, so it is necessary to save money. All these five are the frugality of saints and the lewdness of villains.

Thrift leads to prosperity, and fornication leads to death. These five things are indispensable. Husband and wife live in harmony with heaven and earth, wind and rain live in harmony with grains, and clothes live in harmony with skin.

[Note] (1) This article mainly criticizes the luxurious life of the rulers at that time by comparing palaces, costumes, diets, boats and cars, and private storage. The main idea is basically the same as that in Save Use.

The so-called resignation in this article is to ask you to get rid of these five problems. (2) Sincerity: "Only".

(3) service: when there is the word "all according to the order". (4) positive: pass the "sign".

(5) Sui: the same as "Wen". (6) single: preach "escape".

(7) Decoration: misspelled "嗮嗮". [Vernacular] Mozi said: "In ancient times, people didn't know that when building palaces, they lived near mountains and caves, and the underground was wet, which was harmful to people. The holy king began to build palaces.

The rules for building a palace are: the foundation is high enough to keep out moisture, the four sides are cold enough, the roof is high enough to prevent frost, snow and rain, and the palace wall is high enough to separate the inside and outside, which is different for men and women-that's all. Anything that wastes people and money without increasing benefits will not be done.

Distribute the labor force (according to the routine) and repair the battlements, then the people will work hard and not be hurt; Taxes are levied as usual, so people will not suffer even if they spend money. Because the suffering of the people is not these, but the suffering is to extort money from the people.

Therefore, the holy king began to build palaces only for the convenience of life, not for the pleasure of viewing; I started to create clothes and shoes just for the convenience of my body, not for fancy clothes. Therefore, (the holy king) is frugal and teaches the people (leading by example), so that the people in the world can govern and the financial use can be fully utilized.

Today's monarchs build palaces, but this is different: they are bound to extort money from the people and plunder their food and clothes to do business.