What are the secrets of the car fuel tank? What do novices need to pay attention to when refueling?

What are the secrets of the car fuel tank? This question is really interesting. We know the fuel tank that we will encounter every time we refuel. Let's talk about some knowledge about automobile fuel tanks and some precautions for refueling.

First of all, everyone should know that the fuel tank is not a simple container for fuel, but a very complicated vehicle safety device. It has national mandatory standards, and the fuel tanks of all models must meet GB.

18296-200 1 Safety performance requirements and test method standards for automobile fuel tanks. This standard specifies the volume, fire resistance, pressure resistance, safety measures, environmental protection, sealing, earthquake resistance, corrosion resistance, impact resistance and oil cut-off of oil tanks in detail. Therefore, the car fuel tank is not simple!

1, the first thing to do every time you refuel is to open the fuel tank cover. This fuel tank cover usually has a button in the cab, which will open when pressed. What if one day you go to refuel and this tank cap won't open?

Some people say that it will be a big loss to fill up the oil first and then pry it open with a screwdriver to the repair shop. I'm telling you, all fuel tank covers have emergency opening devices installed in the trunk. You just need to open the trunk and take off the cover on one side of the fuel tank cover, and you can see a pull ring or cable. With a slight pull, the fuel tank cover will open. Is that so?

Simple.

2. All fuel tanks are marked with the fuel label of the vehicle, whether it is gasoline or diesel. We must strictly enforce this label. For example, it is required to add no.92 and above unleaded gasoline, which means that no.92 and above gasoline can be used; If the label is "Fill unleaded gasoline above No.92", you can't add No.92, it must be higher than No.92, such as No.93 or No.95; It is also marked "Fill unleaded gasoline with No.92 and above, and No.95 is the recommended oil". No.92 gasoline can be used in this case, but it will be better to add no.95 gasoline.

Some models will mark the tire pressure on the fuel tank cover for our convenience, so I won't go into details here.

3. Have you ever thought that the fuel tank cover is open? What should I do if I get into the water when it rains and washes the car? Will it accumulate inside and flow into the fuel tank? You don't have to worry about this problem. What you didn't expect, the automobile engineer has already thought of it. There is a drain hole under the water tank cover, from which the outside water flows under the wheels. If one day you open the lid of the water tank and find there is water in it, it means that the drain hole is blocked. The processing method is also very simple. Take a wire and poke it along the hole a few times, and the blocked part will open.

4. When refueling, open the cover on the refueling port. In fact, this cover is the real fuel tank cover, and the outer panel should be called the fuel tank cover panel. This fuel tank cap looks unremarkable, just a plug. In fact, its internal structure is very complicated and it is a mature high-tech product. There are generally two valves inside: an air valve and a steam valve. The function of the air valve is to input air into the fuel tank to prevent the oil level in the fuel tank from falling to form a vacuum, resulting in insufficient or interrupted oil supply; The function of the steam valve is to release the gasoline vapor in the fuel tank to prevent the pressure in the fuel tank from being too high. The pressure adjustment of these two valves is very accurate. Without these two valves or the failure of these two valves, the fuel tank cannot work normally. For example, if the gas valve is stuck and the fuel tank is vacuum, the car will have the fault of insufficient fuel supply or even interruption; If the steam valve rusts and gets stuck, there will be a stream of oil and gas gushing out at the moment when the oil tank cover is opened. Of course, most cars now use carbon canister system. Generally, there is only an air valve on the tank cover, and there is no steam valve. The purpose of this is to prevent gasoline vapor from being released into the atmosphere and polluting the air.

5. The pipeline from the filler to the tank is usually called the filler pipe. This section of pipeline is not simple, its shape is generally curved, and there are filters in it, and some models will also have baffles. When refueling, just insert the standard oil gun to open the baffle, and you can refuel. This is actually an anti-theft design, which can take gasoline out of the tank by inserting a plastic pipe like an old driver, but it is generally impossible now. In addition, there is a fine breather pipe parallel to this filler pipe, which is connected to the highest part of the fuel tank to exhaust the air in the fuel tank to prevent air resistance from forming during refueling.

Have you noticed that when we empty the fuel tank completely, we can add 55 liters of gasoline to the fuel tank marked with 50 liters! What's going on here?

The original national standard stipulated that the marked volume of automobile fuel tank should not exceed 95% of the actual volume of fuel tank. For example, for a fuel tank with an actual volume of 55 liters, the marked volume shall not be greater than 52 liters. Therefore, it is very normal for the fuel tank to add more oil than the marked volume. Generally speaking, the oil in the fuel tank should at least ensure that the cruising range of the car is above 500 kilometers, generally between 600 and 800 kilometers. In addition, the shape of the fuel tank is generally irregular, with a large top and a small bottom, so we always feel that the oil in the first half is more durable and the oil in the second half is consumed quickly. That's the reason.

7. The fuel tank is made of engineering plastics, iron, aluminum and other materials. Small cars mostly use oil tanks made of engineering plastics, which can be made into various complex shapes to adapt to the complex chassis shape. At the same time, it also has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, impact resistance and non-flammability. It is a relatively suitable fuel tank material. The iron oil tank is rare now, which is not easy to be molded, and the chassis is not adaptable. The inner wall of the oil tank needs to be coated with a special material. If this coating is damaged and falls off, it is easy to block the oil circuit, and iron will rust when it comes into direct contact with gasoline, leading to oil leakage in the fuel tank. Aluminum fuel tank is mainly used in some trucks. Aluminum fuel tank is a suitable fuel tank material because of its large volume, high strength and light weight.

8. The fuel tank is generally arranged under the second row of seats in the car. Some models are arranged under the front half of the trunk or the front seats (relatively rare, mainly Honda cars), and some models also have auxiliary fuel tanks. This position requires that the common rear-end collision should not hurt the fuel tank, and the fuel tank should not leak oil. In addition, the situation that the car catches fire and explodes when it touches in the movie does not exist in reality. Now even if the fuel tank is directly ignited by fire, it is not allowed to explode. The explosions in movies are more for the pursuit of film and television effects.

9. The position of fuel tank filler can be divided into left and right sides. Generally, European and American cars are on the right, and Japanese and Korean cars are on the left. This layout is related to the traffic regulations and traditional habits of the countries where the car companies are located. The initial starting point is safety, and it doesn't matter which is better. We can see the position of the fuel filler from the dashboard in the car. There is a small arrow on the fuel gauge sign. This arrow is on the left side, indicating that the fuel filler is on the left side of the car. This arrow is on the right, indicating that the gas filler is on the right side of the car.

10. At present, the gasoline pumps of small cars are all installed in the fuel tank. When the ignition switch is turned to the on position, the gasoline pump will be turned on for a few seconds to establish oil pressure for the fuel system. Therefore, it is normal for the car to hear the buzzing of the fuel tank as soon as it starts. Generally, there are filter screens on gasoline pumps, and some models also have built-in gasoline filter elements, which need to be replaced regularly. In addition, in order to prevent gasoline vapor from overflowing and polluting the atmosphere, some will also connect carbon canister systems to absorb and recover gasoline vapor. The work of this device is complicated, which will be explained in detail later.

That's all the fuel tanks. Let's talk about what we should pay attention to when refueling.

The first thing to pay attention to is never to add the wrong oil, such as gasoline and diesel, or diesel and gasoline. Be sure to confirm this before refueling, especially when driving someone else's car. We also often hear stories about the engine damage caused by adding the wrong oil to the car. The most common story is that the diesel Land Rover added gasoline, or the diesel Mercedes-Benz G added gasoline, or the gasoline pickup truck added diesel. These cars are expensive. Adding the wrong oil is a loss of hundreds of thousands, which is enough for us ordinary people to drink a pot.

The second thing to note is that the label of gasoline must be selected. Generally, there is a fuel label recommended for this model on the fuel tank cover board. Remember one thing: this label is high to low. If you need gasoline of No.92 and above, you can add 92/95/98; However, if 95 # gasoline is required or recommended, then 92 # gasoline should not be used. My personal suggestion is that most naturally aspirated engines can use No.92 gasoline, while turbocharged engines generally require No.95 gasoline, especially some small-displacement turbocharged engines. Although 92 # gasoline is allowed, I personally recommend 95 # gasoline.

The third point is when we go to refuel and how much is appropriate. This question is actually very casual, depending on the actual situation of the individual. Generally speaking, when the oil meter shows that there is still a quarter of the oil, refueling is the most appropriate; Fill it up every time you refuel. Don't believe what some old drivers say, such as "adding half a tank of oil is more fuel efficient" and "adding half a tank of oil is safer", which is unfounded and meaningless.