I am a 25-year-old woman, and I feel very strange recently. What kind of urine will taste to me? I don't know what happened before.

Although my answer is very long, if you want to find out and understand your illness without spending cash, please read. ...

thank you

Normal discharge of fresh urine is pale yellow, which is because urine contains a yellow urine pigment. However, the color of urine will also darken or brighten the urine with the increase of drinking water. Drink more water, urinate more, the proportion of urine pigment in urine is small and the color is light; Drink less water, the proportion of urine pigment in urine is large, and the color appears yellow. If the urine is left for a period of time, the color of the urine will become darker because some urine pigments in the urine are oxidized into urine pigments. The waste produced by human body and the urine pigment discharged every day are generally relatively constant, so the color of urine will not change greatly. 96%-99% of urine is water, and most of the rest is waste, such as uric acid and creatinine. The daily urine output of normal people is 1000-2000ml, including 1500-2000ml for men and 1000- 1500ml for women. The urine color is light yellow, transparent, and there is no precipitation and turbidity. The newly dissolved urine has a special smell of grass, but it will decompose after being left for a long time and ammonia will appear.

Smell.

Most human abnormalities can lead to changes in urine.

(1) Abnormal urine color

● Colorless urine may be a signal of diabetes, chronic interstitial nephritis and diabetes insipidus. If it is not because of drinking too much water, pay attention to identification.

● White urine and white urine are common in pyuria, chyluria and salt urine.

Purulent urine is caused by severe purulent infection of urinary tract, and the urine is milky white. Pyuria is common in pyelonephritis, cystitis, renal abscess, urethritis or severe renal tuberculosis.

Chylouria is one of the main symptoms of filariasis, and the urine is as white as milk. Because the chylous fluid absorbed by the intestine (liquid after saponification of fat) can not be drained from normal lymphatic vessels to the blood circulation, it can only flow back to the lymphatic vessels of the urinary system, causing the internal pressure of the lymphatic vessels of the urinary system to increase, and chylous fluid will overflow into the urine, resulting in chyluria. Chylouria is usually paroxysmal. When there are red blood cells in chyluria, it is called chyluria. Microfilaria can sometimes be found in blood and urine of patients with chyluria.

Low salt urine is common in children with multiple births in winter, and the urine is rice soup-like, mostly because it contains a lot of phosphate or urine hydrochloric acid, which is easy to precipitate after being placed. If urine is heated in a bottle, it will become clear immediately. Saline urine is a normal physiological phenomenon. The key is to drink more boiled water. .

Low urine yellow refers to the urine is yellow or dark yellow. The reason is:

In the process of eating carrots and taking riboflavin, furazolidone, mieshuiling, rhubarb and other Chinese and western medicines, the urine may turn yellow. Once the drug is stopped, it will disappear immediately, so don't worry.

Ordinary patients with fever or vomiting and diarrhea will concentrate and reduce urine because water is discharged with sweat or feces, but the urine pigment has not changed, so the color of urine appears very yellow.

Another kind of yellow urine, like strong tea, is not because of the above reasons, but because of liver or pouch lesions. It turns out that bile is usually discharged in two ways: one is from urine and the other is from intestine. When the liver or gallbladder is sick, bile is cut off from the intestine, so it can only be discharged from the urine, which is dark yellow due to the increase of bile content. In the early stage of hepatitis, before jaundice appeared, we can often see urine like strong tea, which is often a signal of hepatitis.

In addition, yellow turbid pyuria is the manifestation of pyuria in urinary organs.

Low blue urine can be seen in cholera, typhus, primary hypercalcemia and vitamin D poisoning. However, this urine color is mostly related to medication and has nothing to do with disease. Such as taking diuretic aminopterin, injecting methylene blue injection or taking methylene blue, indigo carmine, creosote, salicylic acid, etc. Stop taking the medicine and it will disappear. This kind of blue urine caused by taking medicine is a normal observation, so don't worry.

● Green urine is discovered when Pseudomonas aeruginosa propagates in urine, or when bilirubin urine is left for too long and oxidized into biliverdin.

Urine is light green: seen after taking a lot of anti-inflammatory drugs.

Dark green urine: the reason is the same as blue urine.

Black urine: Black urine is relatively rare, and it mostly occurs in patients with acute intravascular hemolysis, such as patients with falciparum malaria. Medically known as black urine fever, it is one of the most serious complications of falciparum malaria. There are a lot of free oxygen, hemoglobin and fixed oxygen hemoglobin in the patient's plasma, which leads to dark red or black urine excretion with urine. A few patients take levodopa, cresol, phenylhydrazine, etc. It can also cause black urine, which will disappear after stopping taking medicine.

It has been reported abroad that patients with paroxysmal myoglobinuria will also excrete brown-black urine after exercise, accompanied by muscle weakness, which can gradually develop into paralysis. In addition, black urine can also be seen in phenol poisoning, black cancer and urine melanosis.

Brown urine (like soy sauce color) can be seen in acute nephritis, acute icteric hepatitis, renal crush injury, extensive burns, hemolytic anemia, improper blood matching and other diseases, and even after strenuous exercise, urine can be like soy sauce color.

Sometimes the urine is brown after getting up from sleep, which is the characteristic of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. If you have this kind of urine after eating mung beans, you should be alert to broad bean disease. The patient's red blood cells lack a substance called glucose 6- phosphate dehydrogenase, which is hereditary. Therefore, brown urine, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, yellowing of skin and eyes after eating broad beans should be sent to the hospital in time to prevent accidents.

● Red urine turns red, mostly because there are red blood cells in the urine, which is medically called hematuria.

The cause of hematuria is very complicated. There are hundreds of diseases that cause hematuria. It is not so easy to diagnose correctly.

If hematuria is accompanied by nosebleed, gingival bleeding and skin bleeding, it may be a systemic hemorrhagic disease, such as thrombocytopenia, allergic purpura, hemophilia and even leukemia. Hematuria is only a manifestation of systemic bleeding.

If hematuria is accompanied by fever, joint swelling and pain, skin damage and multiple organ damage, it may be connective tissue disease (such as systemic lupus erythematosus and nodular arteritis).

If hematuria is accompanied by hypertension, edema and proteinuria, it is mostly glomerulonephritis.

If hematuria is accompanied by dull pain and discomfort in the waist and abdomen, those with urgency, frequent urination and dysuria are mostly urinary system infection or tuberculosis.

If hematuria is accompanied by waist pain or abdominal cramps, kidney and ureteral stones are most likely, especially those who are restless in bed, mostly ureteral stones.

If hematuria is accompanied by dysuria, dysuria and prostatic hypertrophy in elderly men, middle-aged men should consider urethral stricture, urethral calculi or bladder tumor.

Microscopic hematuria, visible or obvious to the naked eye, is common in people over 50 years old, regardless of sex, suggesting that there is a lesion in the urinary system. In particular, the sudden painless hematuria is mostly the manifestation of ulceration and bleeding caused by the diffuse erosion of the urinary tract by the tumor. If you are not careful, you will lose the effective treatment opportunity forever.

More than 75% of urinary tumors in the elderly are malignant lesions, especially renal parenchymal cell carcinoma, papillary carcinoma of bladder and transitional epithelial carcinoma of renal pelvis. Their common feature is hematuria when urinating.

Hemorrhage from renal tumors can often stop naturally without any treatment, which makes patients mistakenly think that the disease has been cured and no longer go to see a doctor. After several months or years, when hematuria can be seen with naked eyes, the cancer has reached the advanced stage, and many painful cells have moved to the surrounding or further places of the diseased organs.

Because renal hemorrhage is first discharged through the ureter, it often forms a long blood clot when passing through the ureter; If the bladder bleeds, the blood clot is large and irregular.

Bladder tumor bleeding, the interval between two times is shorter than that of renal tumor, and the number of urination is slightly more than normal. Scholars at home and abroad have realized that the incidence of bladder cancer is very high among a large number of smokers, so we should pay special attention to painless hematuria in this kind of elderly people.

After men are over 50 years old, the prostate has hyperplasia changes in different degrees, which affects the smooth discharge of urine, secondary infection and congestion of bladder mucosa and prostate, and painless hematuria caused by vein rupture, which should be differentiated from bladder tumors.

Another common disease of painless hematuria in elderly women is urethritis. Its characteristics are: urine contains less blood, and toilet paper is often accompanied by fresh blood; Chronic urethritis has a long history; Dysuria, bifurcation of urine, burning and discomfort of urethra; Doctors can see the purple granulation-like hyperplasia tissue outside the urethra with naked eyes, mostly spherical or hemispherical. This disease is benign and can be cured by electrosurgical excision procedure, urethral dilatation and anti-inflammation.

In addition, henoch-schonlein purpura, epidemic hemorrhagic fever and pathological changes in the adjacent organs of urinary system such as appendix, rectum, colon, uterus and ovary can also cause hematuria.

● White drops appear after urination. Some young and middle-aged male patients will find milky white secretions flowing out of the urethra after urination. Because this symptom is accompanied by frequent urination, urethral irritation, low back pain, dizziness, insomnia, sexual dysfunction, impotence and other symptoms, most patients often mistake this phenomenon of white urine for lack of semen, and call it the root cause of "physical weakness", which leads to mental burden on their backs.

In fact, salivation after urination is not caused by semen leakage, but by chronic prostatitis. The white discharge is prostatic fluid, not semen. Excessive drinking, catching cold, perineal injury, abnormal sexual life, frequent sexual impulses, long-distance cycling and riding will all lead to congestion and congestion of the prostate, which is an important factor to promote prostate inflammation. The disease can be cured by following the doctor's advice or taking antibiotics and oral Chinese medicine.

(2) Abnormal urine odor

The smell of ammonia shows that urine has been decomposed in the body, which is a manifestation of cystitis or urinary retention.

● Apple fragrance is more common in diabetic acidosis or hunger, and this urine can often attract ants to gather.

● Corrupt stench is common in cystitis and pyelonephritis.

● Fecal odor In patients with bladder and colon achalasia, fecal odor often appears in urine.

When eating garlic, onion or drugs with special smell, urine can carry the special smell of these substances. What we should pay attention to here is to distinguish the smell of urine and use fresh urine. After urine is left for a long time, urea will decompose to produce ammonia smell due to bacterial reproduction, which will affect the observation effect.

(3) Abnormal urine volume

The urine volume of normal adults every day and night is about 1000-2000 ml. Urine volume is related to drinking water, food and climate factors. Sweating more in summer, less urine, sweating less in winter, more urine. You can also urinate more or less when you are sick. Urinating more than 2400 ml a day is polyuria, less than 500 ml is oliguria, and urinating less than 200 ml a day is anuria.

● Polyuria can be divided into physiological polyuria and pathological polyuria.

Physiological polyuria is common after drinking a lot of water, cold stimulation, drinking, drinking tea, infusion, taking diuretics or eating food with diuretic effect. Pathological polyuria is common in diseases such as diabetes and diabetes insipidus.

Diabetes is a common endocrine and metabolic disease. Due to insufficient insulin produced by pancreas, hyperglycemia and disorder of water and electrolyte metabolism, the patient has polyuria. This disease is more common in people over 40 who love sweets and are obese. It is characterized by drinking more, urinating more and eating more. One day and night urine volume can reach 3000-6000 ml. People drink too much because of excessive urine and water loss.

Diabetes insipidus is a disease caused by hypofunction of hypothalamus and posterior pituitary gland and decreased secretion of antidiuretic hormone, which is more common in adolescents. It is characterized by polyuria, decreased urine proportion and polydipsia. One day and night urine output can reach 4000-6000 ml, even 10000 ml. If drinking water is restricted, the urine volume will not decrease, and dehydration symptoms such as thirst, general fatigue and headache may occur. If enough water is given, the symptoms can be temporarily relieved. The urine specific gravity is mostly 1.006- 1.000, and the renal function is normal.

In addition, polyuria can also be seen in nephritis, such as urinary concentration dysfunction and mucinous edema, limb obesity, brain or spinal cord tumor's disease.

It is worth noting that there is also a kind of polyuria, which is not caused by diseases such as diabetes and brain tumors, but is often caused by mental trauma. It is medically called "mental polydipsia polyuria syndrome group". The main difference between this kind of patients and diabetes insipidus is that the specific gravity and osmotic pressure of their urine can be significantly increased and the urine volume can be significantly reduced after drinking water, but the injection of pituitrin has no obvious effect. This disease is mainly psychotherapy, and it can often be cured without drugs.

● Normal nocturia Adults have more urine per day than nocturia. Usually urinate 1-2 times at night, with a urine volume of about 300-400 ml or no urination. If the number of urination at night increases to more than 4-5 times, and the urine volume exceeds that during the day, the proportion is low (less than 0.0 1), which is medically called nocturia. Nocturnal urine can also be divided into physiological type and pathological type.

Physiological nocturia is often caused by drinking a lot of water, tea, coffee, watermelon or taking diuretics before going to bed. Pathological nocturia is common in kidney diseases, cardiac insufficiency, hypertension, diabetes, diabetes insipidus and other diseases. For example:

First, nocturia caused by renal lesions: For example, when patients with renal insufficiency caused by chronic nephritis and edema lie on their backs at night, nocturia can be formed due to the increase of edema fluid reflux.

Second, nocturia caused by cardiac insufficiency: during the day, patients have a large amount of activity, cardiac insufficiency is more obvious, blood flow is reduced, and urine volume is less. When you sleep at night, your heart function improves and your urine output increases. Therefore, nocturia is often an early signal of cardiac insufficiency.

Third, nocturia caused by diabetes and diabetes insipidus: These two diseases not only have more nocturia, but also have more urine during the day. The reason has been explained in the section on polyuria.

Nocturnal urination may also be caused by psychological factors. For example, insomnia patients are often in a state of mental stress, which will lead to faster heartbeat, increased blood circulation and increased nocturia. In addition, nocturia is also related to age. Many elderly people have increased urine output at night. This is because the weight and blood flow of the kidneys tend to decrease with age. From the age of 30 to 60, it gradually declines, and at the age of 80, it is only half of that of 40. Because of the degeneration, atrophy or expansion of renal tubules, the concentrated urine function of the elderly decreases, and a large amount of water is excreted, resulting in polyuria and nocturia.