What does the song of everlasting regret mean?

The whole poem vividly describes the love tragedy between Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei.

The Song of Eternal Sorrow is divided into four layers. ?

The first floor: from "the emperor of China, eager to shake the beauty of an empire" to "the emperor's eyes can never get enough of her." Before the Anshi Rebellion, how did Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty emphasize color, seek color and finally win Yang Guifei. After Yang entered the palace, his eyes were spoiled, his family was rewarded, his chickens and dogs ascended to heaven, and Xuanzong indulged in singing and dancing, debauchery, neglect of state affairs and debauchery.

The first sentence is "the emperor of China, eager to shake the beauty of an empire, has been in office for many years, looking for it and never finding it." Straight to the point, it is pointed out that Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty was a lecherous king, which paved the way for the appearance and favor of Yang Guifei and led to the full text, which is the introduction of the story. Only the words "Emperor of China, longing for beauty that might shake an empire" point out the fuse of An Shi Rebellion and reveal the tragic source of the story. Concise and to the point. Worth tasting. "I have been on the throne for many years, and I have searched for it, but I have found nothing." In seven words, I vividly show the image of a king who does not seek mountains and rivers, but seeks beauty. Pen and ink economy.

The poem "Until a child of Yang's family hardly grew up, she grew up in the inner room, and no one knew her" means that Yang's family had a girl who had just grown up and was kept in a boudoir without being appreciated. Actually, it is not. According to Biography of Empresses in the New Tang Dynasty, Yang Guifei (nicknamed Yang Yuhuan Xuanyan) was raised in her uncle's parents. She was the princess of Shouwang, the son of Xuanzong. In the 24th year of Kaiyuan, Xuanzong Wu Huifei died of illness. It is said that Yuhuan was called into the Forbidden City because of her superior qualifications. In order to hide people's eyes and ears, she became a monk first, married Webster as the longevity king, and later Yang entered the palace and found favor. He caught his daughter-in-law by hook or by crook. It's the birthday boy who always wets the kang-he's a loser.

The author wrote that Yang Yuhuan entered the palace as a "virgin", which was "forbidden by the venerable" and made their love based on purity and sincerity, which seemed more perfect and laid the foundation for deep friendship in the future. This was deliberately arranged by the author. Who knows that the grace of heaven is not hidden, and one day, I will win the royal family. "。 If she just turned her head and smiled, there were a hundred spells, and the powder and paint of six palaces disappeared. "Wonderful Yang Yuhuan finally came to the emperor's side. Looking back and smiling, she gave birth to all kinds of charm and shyness. In contrast, all the beautiful women in the sixth house are eclipsed.

"A Beautiful Smile" depicts the amorous feelings and charming charm of Yang Yuhuan. The beauty of Yang is written here. First, echo the above, emphasize color and seek color. Then pave the way for writing later that she is favored by others. "It was early spring. They let her bathe in a pure pool to warm and smooth her creamy skin. Because she was tired, a maid lifted her up. When the first emperor noticed her, he chose her as his bride. " These four poems were written in Yuhuan, which was favored by the king and bathed in hot springs. The word "slippery" is well used, which is the characteristic of the water in Huaqing Palace and Yang Fei's skin. At the same time, it vividly presents the situation of glittering and translucent water drops and smooth skin. It is very appropriate to use "coagulate fat" to describe Yang Fei's smooth and moist skin.

"Enze" has two meanings: one refers to the luck of the emperor, and the other refers to sex. It's great to write a sex party without pornography, but with subtle and beautiful words. "The clouds of her hair, the petals of her cheeks, the golden ripples on her head when she moves, are covered by warm hibiscus curtains on spring nights. But the night in spring is very short and the sun rises too fast. Since then, the emperor has given up his early hearing. " Writing about the love between Li and Yang is like a fire of dry wood, full of joy, pandering and abandoning politics. This is the internal cause of love tragedy. He wastes all his time on parties and revelry. He is the lover of spring and the tyrant of night. There are other ladies in his court, 3,000 are rare and beautiful, but his favor is 3,000 concentrated in one body. "In the first two sentences, Li and Yang are deeply attached to each other and inseparable.

The last two sentences, compared with "three thousand" and "one suit", fully show Yang Fei's specialty and the depth of love, and adopt the decreasing method of exaggerated rhetoric, which has achieved excellent results. Gold makeup and jade, jade building and empty platform, full of wine and food. "。 Sisters and brothers are all in the dirt because she illuminates and glorifies her family. "In the luxurious inner court of the palace, she decorated it carefully, pleasing the king every night. After the banquet in Lou Yu, her drunkenness became more charming and moving. Xuanzong has long been fascinated by beauty and lost his mind. Regardless of his merits and demerits, he sealed the Yang family without authorization, laying a curse for the Anshi rebellion in the future.

"She brought happiness to every father and mother in the whole empire, because she gave birth to a girl instead of a boy." In feudal times, it was patriarchal. Yang Fei's favor actually changed the deep-rooted preference for sons over daughters. The purpose of Bai Juyi's writing is clear, and it is still to show Xuanzong's love for Yang Fei and its social influence. "... the high rose plum palace, entering the blue clouds, and the wide breeze carrying magical notes. Soft songs and slow dances, the music of string bamboo, the emperor stared at her. "It further describes that Xuanzong was addicted to singing, dancing, debauchery, having fun, ignoring state affairs and living a decadent life. This is also the peak of Li and Yang's indulgence. ?

After Xuanzong won Yuhuan, he indulged in singing and debauchery, laying the groundwork for the future story development. The poem describes Xuanzong's behaviors of "getting up early", "staying up late" and "not seeing enough". It is to contrast the joy behind sadness, suggesting that heavy colors are the inevitable result of the An Shi rebellion.

The second layer: from "the fish is moving out of the valley" to "looking back at the confluence of blood and tears" The Anshi Rebellion brought a tragic ending to the love between Li and Yang. ? "It was not until the earth-shattering sound of drums came from Yuyang that I was shocked by the gorgeous feathers." Then, the poet turned to "moving" and "breaking" and predicted the impending war and the grim situation. At this point, the rhythm and style of the whole poem suddenly changed from lingering tactfulness to nervousness and seriousness, in sharp contrast with the above happy modality.

"The Forbidden City, a nine-story palace, looms in the dust, with thousands of chariots and horses from the southwest. The imperial flag opened the way and suddenly moved and stopped. It was thirty miles from the capital and passed the west gate. " These poems describe the scene of Xuanzong leading the imperial concubine and her entourage to flee hastily. "Stop" and "more than a hundred miles" mean that soldiers are not bound. Reluctant to accompany. It reflects the instability of the military and the distraction of the people, implicitly sets off the atmosphere when the invading troops are about to happen, and indicates that the climax of the tragedy is about to appear. "People in the army stop, and no one will move until under their hooves, and they may trample on those moths. "The sixth army refused to move forward, and the king was helpless, so he had to let the beauty hang in front of the horse.

The "Sixth Army refused to send" and demanded the execution of Yang Guifei, which was an anger against Tang Xuanzong's infatuation and ruined the country and people. This poem cleverly attacked Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty with the death of a scapegoat. The poet's description of Feiyang's death is not much, and it is simple to handle, passing by, and the details are properly described, which is worth learning. "The emperor couldn't save her, he could only cover his face, and then he turned to look at the land of blood and tears." Xuanzong was helpless in the face of this situation. You can only cover your face with sleeves, but you can't save it; I have to look back and care, and I can't help but exchange blood and tears.

"I can't save" means I don't want to save, but I can't save it. I am very helpless. It seems contradictory to say "hide your face" and "turn around". In fact, "hide your face" means you can't bear to see him die, and "turn around" means you can't bear to leave mercilessly. Here, a "blood" and a "tear" set off a miserable, painful and helpless situation. In this passage, the poet described the irretrievable ambivalence between Xuanzong and Yang Fei's Where Are You Going with exquisite brushstrokes.

During the Anshi Rebellion, Xuanzong fled and was forced to give the imperial concubine the death penalty, which wrote the internal cause of "long hatred" and was the basis of the tragic story. The death of the imperial concubine is a key plot in the whole story. After that, their love turned into a tragedy. ?

The third layer: from "hiding in the yellow dust blown by the cold wind" to "but no beloved soul has visited his dream" Write about Yang Guifei's unforgettable thoughts about Tang Xuanzong after her death. ?

Hidden in the yellow dust from the cold wind, at the fork of the diaolou path, the two men crossed a cloud line. "。 Under Emei Mountain. The last few came, and the flags and banners lost their colors in the fading sun. These words are descriptions of the scenery "bleak wind", meaning bleak autumn wind, referring to Xuanzong's mood at this time, the intertextuality of "plain" and "thin", and rendering the atmosphere to set off the mood of the characters. "The water in Shu is always green and the mountains are always blue, so your majesty's love is constant and deeper than the sky.

"Shu Jiang is green, Shu Shan is lush, and you touch your lovesickness day and night. Set off sadness with beautiful scenery. The first sentence is about clear water and green hills, and the second sentence is about Li Longji's inner world. With beautiful natural scenery, it sets off a thrilling acacia. " "Morning and Evening" sets off Li Longji's inner loneliness and anguish with a cyclical dynamic change. He stares at the desolate moon from his temporary palace, and he hears the rain at dusk, cutting his chest.

Looking at the moon in the palace is sad; Empty mountains and rainy nights, listening to the bell, is a heartbreaking sound. These two poems do not directly say that Emperor Tang Ming was heartbroken, but set off the pain and sadness of the characters with a sad scene. The music is wonderful. On the same day in last contact, when the dragon car came home, the emperor was still in place and refused to leave. The memory and pain are buried in the soil of Maweipo. Where is her white face? "After the war was settled, the situation improved, and the king drove back to Beijing, passing by Ma Yupo, where Yang Guifei died, and was reluctant to leave.

Under the ponytail slope where Yang Fei was buried, it was desolate soil, and she could never see her beautiful face again. Things are different, touching the scene, and the word "empty" describes Xuanzong's sense of loss, which contains the sad and painful memories and endless thoughts of Xuanzong in Tang Dynasty. "Rulers and nobles, when their eyes met, cried on their coats. When they rode, they relaxed the reins and slowly returned to the capital." The monarch and his subjects looked at each other silently, and their clothes were wet with sad tears. The word "gold" describes Xuanzong's incomparable pain. Look at Chang 'an from the distance in the east, let it go forward and return to the recovered capital. Should have been happy, Xuanzong was disappointed and uninterested. Because the beauty has gone, everything else seems insignificant, which shows how noble Yang Fei is in Xuanzong's heart.

As the saying goes, "don't love Jiangshan and love beauty." "Ponds, gardens and palaces are the same as before, too liquid lotus lake, Weiyang Palace willow. But the petals are like her face, and the willow leaves are like her eyebrows. Whenever he looks at them, what can he do but cry? . "Back to the palace, ChiYuan still; The lotus in Taiye Pool and the willow in Weiyang Palace are still so charming. Lotus is like the beauty of a noble lady, and willow leaves are like her eyebrows. Faced with this scene, how can people not cry? The scenery remains the same, people have gone, and touching the scenery will only increase sadness. Write about Xuanzong's deep affection for the imperial concubine.

"Spring breeze turns into rain, peaches and plums bloom at night, and after autumn rain, the leaves return to their roots" refers to the spring and autumn of the year. The poet compares the characters' thoughts and feelings with time and scenery, and carefully observes and compares autumn and spring, which makes the ups and downs of Li and Yang more vivid and gives readers a stronger spiritual shock. "The West Palace and the South Palace are littered with evening grass, and the red leaves are piled on the steps." These two sentences set off the desolation and desolation of Xuanzong's residence and the loneliness and boredom of his later life with a bleak atmosphere and environment.

Bai Fuxin, a disciple of Li Yuan, is a eunuch with fine eyes and is in the pepper garden. . Fireflies were flying on the throne, and he was meditating in the twilight. He will extend the wick to its end and still never fall asleep ... bells and drums will slowly ring the long night, and before dawn, the Milky Way in the sky will become clear. And the porcelain mandarin ducks on the roof grow thick morning cream, and the jade is cold. Who's with * * *? Year after year, the distance between life and death, but no beloved soul visited his dream ",did not reduce Xuanzong's yearning for the imperial concubine. But more and more, I can't sleep at night. These poems describe the loneliness, loneliness and depression of Xuanzong after he lost his imperial concubine. ?

The fourth floor is from "there lived a Taoist priest in Lingqiong, who was a guest in the sky" to the end. Write the process of Xuanzong sending alchemists to find Yang Guifei's soul, and after Yang Guifei became immortal, ask the Taoist priest to report her keepsakes and secret vows to the emperor, expressing her endless lovesickness and sad memories of her past love life. There is a Taoist priest in Lingqiong, who is a heavenly guest and can concentrate. "。 Tell the king what you think, and ask him to ask the Taoist priest to see if he can find her. "Secondly, Xuanzong's longing for the imperial concubine is invisible in reality, hoping to find beauty in his dreams. Poets spread the wings of imagination in a romantic way, allowing Taoist priests to find the soul of Yang Fei.

"He opened the way in space, like lightning cut through the sky, up to heaven, down to the earth, looking around. In the poem, "In the world, he looked for the green void, in the world, and in the yellow spring, but he didn't find the person he was looking for in either place" describes the situation of "diligent search" in detail. The first two sentences of this poem use verbs such as Pai, Yu, Ben, Sheng, Ru and Qiu. The sentence patterns change in order, which makes it easy and orderly. Although the Taoist priest used all his skills, he still found no trace of Yang Fei.

"Then he heard the narrative about the magic island at sea, which is part of the invisible world. When their hopes were about to be dashed, "Five-colored castles and exquisite fairy tales" ignited the flame of hope with "sudden news", which caused the narrative of the article to stir up waves. However, from "sudden news" to positive narration, after combing out "fairy mountain", it was followed by the ups and downs of "illusory" and then the formal introduction of "exquisite", "pavilion" and "fairy", which made the poem tortuous and accompanied by surprises. It gives people a feeling of bright future.

"One of them-they call it forever true, has a face like her snow and flowers that he looks for. So he went to the golden gate of the west hall, knocked on the jasper gate, and asked a girl, the so-called little jade, to tell Shuang Perfect. " The Taoist priest came to the celestial world and met Yang Fei through the maid's report, implying the status of the imperial concubine in the celestial world. "The lady heard that the emperor China had sent an envoy, and she woke up from a dream on the canopy of nine flowers." I heard that the emperor of the Han family sent an envoy, and she suddenly woke up from a dream in Jiuhua's account. "Surprise" not only means that Yang Fei wakes up from a dream, but also means that the arrival of the alchemist is unexpected. "She pushed open the pillow, dressed, shook off sleepiness, opened the bead curtain and then opened the silver screen." Put on clothes, pushed open the pillow, walked out of the bed curtain, walked back and forth excitedly, and opened the bead curtain layer by layer along the way.

The last seven words have four verbs (pull, push, get up and wander. ), the sense of hierarchy strongly shows Yang Fei's continuous action, revealing her eager expectation for the celestial world, her surprise at the sudden news and the confusion caused by the surprise. Vivid description. The combination of these verbs works well and is worth learning. "Ji Yun was half asleep, and when she came along the platform, her flower hat was loose." These two sentences were written about the excitement, surprise and "incompleteness" of the imperial concubine.

The breeze blew her cloak and fluttered with her movements, as if she were dancing in a rainbow skirt and feather clothes. With the help of imagination, the poet saw the sleeves of the imperial concubine fluttering in the wind, and remembered her charm when she performed "Dancing in Dress" for the king. Let Yang Guifei's image reappear in fairyland. Her style remains the same, but she is a dead soul, and the unchanging beauty can't hide the sadness of world changes. Tears rolled down her sad white face, like spring rain falling on pear flowers to write Yang's tearful face. The former sentence is a direct description, and the latter sentence is an indirect description.

These two poems interweave Yang Fei's deep inner pain with her peerless and gorgeous appearance, presenting a touching tragic beauty. "But when she told him to thank her monarch, her eyes shone with deep love. Since they separated, his form and voice were unfamiliar to her." She stared at the Taoist deeply, asking him to convey his feelings to the king and told him that his voice became faint and melancholy after leaving Xuanzong. "Two Darkness" means that Li and Yang are separated, and there is a feeling of lovesickness in the air, but "two" and "one" do not reflect each other, thus enhancing the effects of "separation" and "obscurity" respectively. It's a pity that lovesickness can't meet each other in these two poems.

The last sentence "Since happiness ended in the courtyard of the sun, the moon and dawn have become long in the fairy palace" is a summary of past love, and the days of kindness and love are over. The next sentence is to write that the long days will be accompanied by loneliness. But when she turned to look down at the earth and tried to see the capital, there was only fog and dust. These two sentences are about the isolation between life and death. Chang' an can't see it, so there is a gesture of sending things. Open the bottom. So he was overjoyed, took out his keepsake and sent back a box and a gold hairpin by the messenger. "。 However, it kept a branch of the hairpin, one side of the box, and broke the gold of the hairpin and the shell of the box. She said, "Our souls belong to each other, just like this gold and this shell." Somewhere, at some time, on earth or in heaven, we will be together. Yang Fei asked Taoist priests to bring old things back to Xuanzong, expressing his deep friendship and loyalty to love and his desire to see Xuanzong.

"She sent him a word through his messenger, reminding him that only the hearts of the two of them knew the oath. On the seventh day of the seventh month, in the palace of longevity, we secretly told each other in the silent midnight world: we hope to fly in heaven, two birds grow together on the earth with one wing, two branches of a tree. These poems are touching and touching. Expressed the deep feelings of Xuanzong and Yang Fei, their loyalty to love and their desire to never part. "The earth lasts forever, and the sky lasts forever; One day both will end, and this endless sadness will last forever. "It will end forever, and such a lasting hatred of life and death will never end. Finally, these two sentences point out the "long hatred" in popular language, expressing the love oath of Tang Xuanzong to Yang Guifei (May the two birds fly in the sky, have the same wings, grow together on the ground, and have two branches in one tree ...), an eternal regret that cannot be realized.

Through the negation of "forever" by "doing", the eternity of "hate" is written in an extremely exaggerated way. At the same time, through "this endless sorrow will last forever", it shows the dream of "wishing to be a pair of birds in heaven and grow together on earth, two branches of a tree", which further deepens the tragic significance of Li and Yang's love. Li and Yang's eternal separation and painful thoughts magnified their tragedy and raised their love tragedy to a new height. Especially those who have had emotional experience and suffered setbacks in love, when they read the four poems at the end of the poem, their hearts will be strongly shocked, causing * * *.

Song of Eternal Sorrow is a famous narrative poem by Bai Juyi, a great poet in Tang Dynasty. It has been widely praised by people for thousands of years. This poem was written in the first year of Yuanhe in Tang Xianzong (AD 806). The author was thirty-five years old and served as a county magistrate in Zhouzhi. In the same year 10, I visited Xianyou Temple with my friends. Inadvertently talking about the tragic love story of Tang and Yang Guifei, everyone lamented. They think it is a pity that such a strange and moving story will not be heard by the world and recorded because of the fear of the passage of time.

Bai Juyi was respectfully instructed by his friends, borrowed historical figures and legends, and after artistic processing and polishing, he created the famous Song of Eternal Sorrow, which vividly described the love tragedy between Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei, and reproduced the truth of real life through the artistic images created. The story is touching and deeply infects the readers.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia Everlasting Sorrow Entry