Poetry about sashimi in Tang Dynasty (how people eat sashimi in Tang Dynasty)

1. In Japanese cuisine, there are two main ways for Tang people to eat sashimi: one is sashimi, that is, pure fish fillets, cut with a sharp knife; The other is sushi, which is half-wrapped with cut fish fillets. Squeeze some lemon juice or dip some soy sauce with mustard when eating. In order to better eliminate the fishy smell, you can also eat some pickled ginger slices. The fish used to make sashimi in Japanese cuisine are basically marine fish, including salmon, snapper, flounder, octopus, tuna, puffer fish, arctic shell, lobster and so on.

China has a long history of eating sashimi. It can be traced back to the Zhou Dynasty and extended to the present age. The unearthed bronze ware "Xi Jia Pan" records that in the fifth year of Zhou Xuanwang (823 BC), Zhou Shi suffered a crushing defeat. To celebrate the victory, General Yin Jifu hosted a banquet in honor of Zhong Zhang and others. The main course is "turtle and carp", that is, roasted turtle and sashimi (carp). Today, some ancient Hezhe tribes in northeast China and some coastal areas in southeast Guangdong and Fujian, such as Shunde, Chaoshan and Foshan in Guangdong and Ninghua in Fujian, have always followed the habit of eating sashimi.

Just as poetry reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty, so did the consumption of sashimi. There are many vivid descriptions of sashimi in Tang poetry. Through these poems, we can get a glimpse of the situation of eating sashimi in the Tang Dynasty.

Because most of the records in Tang poetry are about the living conditions of people in inland areas, people in the Tang dynasty used a lot of freshwater fish to make sashimi, which is different from the use of marine fish in Japanese cuisine. In addition to the bass repeatedly mentioned in the story of Hanshu Zhang, there are carp, bream, bream and crucian carp. Strangely, the Tang people thought whales were good raw fish materials. Han Yu has a poem saying, "If there is the possibility of giant fish coming to the east, my son and I will be full of whales." Lu Guimeng has a poem saying, "Long whales are good for no reason, and they beg for boats." I don't know if it was tasted in the Tang Dynasty or just a legend. We know whale meat is delicious, but we have never heard of using it to make sashimi.

People in the Tang Dynasty ate sashimi and used mustard as seasoning. Bai Juyi has a poem, "Fish with mustard sauce, water with sunflower and soy sauce". The golden ibis in Pi Rixiu's When Will There Be Golden ibis and Jade Carp Again is probably mustard. There are many references to "orange" (Zhu orange, Chu mountain orange, frost orange, Dongting orange) and "orange" (yellow orange) in Tang poetry. Such as: "The anvil is clean and red, and the sleeve is fragrant with Zhu orange" (Cen Can), "Fragrant orange, hand silver carp" (Han Han), "Fruit breaks Dongting orange, cuts Tianchi scale" (Bai Juyi) and "Taste comes first, frost orange helps. Oranges and oranges have similar functions to lemons today. In addition, according to Du Fu's poem "Onion has been Chopped with Bone", it is known that the Tang people also used Onion as a seasoning for sashimi. Li Shangyin has a poem "The laurel stays, the silver carp is cooked in Hans Zhang", and I don't know whether laurel is laurel or laurel. It seems that these two things don't need to be used as sashimi seasoning today.

The cutting method of sashimi in the Tang Dynasty is different from the common Japanese cuisine today. At that time, it was cut as thin as snowflakes, and sometimes it was cut into filaments. Like today's Quanjude roast duck, the process of cutting silver carp is also a kind of performance, which has ornamental value. "Silver carp and orange horseshoe crab fall in the snow" (Wang Changling), "Silent snow" (Du Fu), "Flying golden plate Gao Xue" (Du Fu) and "Silver carp is like snow and afraid of the wind" (Xiang Si), which can prove that the sashimi in the Tang Dynasty is as thin as snow; "Knife sounds like silver carp flying" (Du Fu), "Silver carp is red and thin" (Han Yi) and "Long brocade" (Bai Juyi), which can prove that sashimi in the Tang Dynasty was cut into strands; "Scorpion wields double knives from left to right, and the golden plate is as high as snow" (Du Fu) and "* * * carp is newly cooked in front of me" (Zhang Ji), which can prove the process of making sashimi in Tang Dynasty and have ornamental value. Among them, it is curious that the chef (roe deer) danced two knives to cut silver carp under the pen of the poet Du Fu.

When people in the Tang Dynasty eat sashimi, they often mention rice. For example, "Cooking depends on the pot and smelling the knife" (Liu Zongyuan), "Cooking fragrant rice can cure bass and silver carp early" (Xu Hun) and "Red fragrant yellow orange fragrant rice" (Bai Juyi). When eating fish fillets, rice may be the staple food, which is not necessarily similar to sushi in Japanese cuisine today.

Of course, sashimi was not common in the Tang Dynasty. It was a "feast". Otherwise, the poet wouldn't write it into the poem so seriously. Therefore, when eating sashimi, other dishes are indispensable. "Carp is the first silver carp, and Jinding is cooking sheep" (He Chao), "When drinking, shoot soft-shelled turtles and count silver carp" (Bai Juyi), "Steamed dolphin with garlic and roasted duck with salt and pepper. Poems such as Boneless Fish and a Cooked Face (Hanshan) are enough to prove this point.

Among the poets in the Tang Dynasty were Meng Haoran, Wang Wei, Wang Changling, Li Bai, Du Fu, Cen Can, Liu Zongyuan, Li Shangyin, Bai Juyi, Lu Guimeng and Pi Rixiu. It can be seen that many people like this kind of food. Among them, no one is easy to be right when it comes to luxury and eroticism. During Bai Juyi's tenure as the prefect of Jiangnan, he held many rich raw fish banquets to reward his subordinates. On one occasion, he made the following detailed and vivid description in his poems: "It is both a gift and a treasure. There is no water in the river, and there is no water in the river. Dishes and music are hanging, and prostitutes are sitting on tables. Merry Wu zhongke, Kerry Jiangnan. Dance with the music festival, and the dance fragrance stays in the grass. The song is not condensed, it is spring. " (The banquet before Xianzhai is the Liao of Kexian County) Besides sashimi, there are other delicacies. To entertain the eyes and ears, there are beautiful women singing and dancing.

This scene is lively and elegant compared with the abnormal "female body" in Japan.

2. Poems about fish 1. See the fish red and warm, even the village is dark in the evening, and the yellow children get together. -"Huanxisha" (Tang) Du Fu

2. Fish plays between lotus leaves, fish plays with lotus leaves in the east, fish plays with lotus leaves in the west, fish plays with lotus leaves in the south and fish plays with lotus leaves in the north. -Jiangnan Qu [Jin] Yuefu

3, drizzle fish out, breeze swallows oblique. -"Water Threshold to Send Heart" Du Fu

4. Egrets fly in front of Mount Cisse, peach blossoms flow, and mandarin fish are fat. -"Yu Gezi" (Tang) Zhang

Like children fishing, walk around the pool and watch the fish swim. A person who loves fish has different hearts, so I will give you a hook. -"Watching Fish" (Tang) Bai Juyi

6. Living in the United States does not return, and it is empty to wear a southern crown to learn Chu prisoners. -"Dragon Wang Anqiu" Zhao Wei

7, the old worker is fat and old, and the fish and wine are far away. -"Pang Shaoyin takes sick leave with fish and wine" Bai Juyi

8. When will you regret when a dead fish cries across the river? -"Dead Fish Cry Over the River" Han Anonymous

9. People come and go on the river, but they love the beauty of perch. -"Fisherman on the River" Song Fan Zhongyan

10, when the sea mulberry field wants to change, the wind and waves boil over Tianchi. Whales swallow jiaozi, waves turn into blood, and fish in deep streams are happy. -"Fish in the Stream" (Tang) Bai Juyi

3. How did people eat sashimi in Japanese cuisine in Tang Dynasty? There are two main ways to eat sashimi: one is sashimi, that is, pure fish fillets, cut with a sharp knife; The other is sushi, which is half-wrapped with cut fish fillets.

Squeeze some lemon juice or dip some soy sauce with mustard when eating. In order to better eliminate the fishy smell, you can also eat some pickled ginger slices.

The fish used to make sashimi in Japanese cuisine are basically marine fish, including salmon, snapper, flounder, octopus, tuna, puffer fish, arctic shell, lobster and so on. China has a long history of eating sashimi.

It can be traced back to the Zhou Dynasty and extended to the present age. The unearthed bronze ware "Xi Jia Pan" records that in the fifth year of Zhou Xuanwang (823 BC), Zhou Shi suffered a crushing defeat. To celebrate the victory, General Yin Jifu hosted a banquet in honor of Zhong Zhang and others. The main course is "turtle and carp", that is, roasted turtle and sashimi (carp).

Today, some ancient Hezhe tribes in northeast China and some coastal areas in southeast Guangdong and Fujian, such as Shunde, Chaoshan and Foshan in Guangdong and Ninghua in Fujian, have always followed the habit of eating sashimi. Just as poetry reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty, so did the consumption of sashimi.

There are many vivid descriptions of sashimi in Tang poetry. Through these poems, we can get a glimpse of the situation of eating sashimi in the Tang Dynasty. Because most of the records in Tang poetry are about the living conditions of people in inland areas, people in the Tang dynasty used a lot of freshwater fish to make sashimi, which is different from the use of marine fish in Japanese cuisine.

In addition to the bass repeatedly mentioned in the story of Hanshu Zhang, there are carp, bream, bream and crucian carp. Strangely, the Tang people thought whales were good raw fish materials.

Han Yu has a poem saying, "If there is the possibility of giant fish coming to the east, my son and I will be full of whales." Lu Guimeng has a poem saying, "Long whales are good for no reason, and they beg for boats." I don't know if it was tasted in the Tang Dynasty or just a legend.

We know whale meat is delicious, but we have never heard of using it to make sashimi. People in the Tang Dynasty ate sashimi and used mustard as seasoning.

Bai Juyi has a poem, "Fish with mustard sauce, water with sunflower and soy sauce". The golden ibis in Pi Rixiu's When Will There Be Golden ibis and Jade Carp Again is probably mustard.

There are many references to "orange" (Zhu orange, Chu mountain orange, frost orange, Dongting orange) and "orange" (yellow orange) in Tang poetry. Such as: "The anvil is clean and red, and the sleeve is fragrant with Zhu orange" (Cen Can), "Fragrant orange, hand silver carp" (Han Han), "Fruit breaks Dongting orange, cuts Tianchi scale" (Bai Juyi) and "Taste comes first, frost orange helps.

Oranges and oranges have similar functions to lemons today. In addition, according to Du Fu's poem "Onion has been Chopped with Bone", it is known that the Tang people also used Onion as a seasoning for sashimi.

Li Shangyin has a poem "The laurel stays, the silver carp is cooked in Hans Zhang", and I don't know whether laurel is laurel or laurel. It seems that these two things don't need to be used as sashimi seasoning today.

The cutting method of sashimi in the Tang Dynasty is different from the common Japanese cuisine today. At that time, it was cut as thin as snowflakes, and sometimes it was cut into filaments. Like today's Quanjude roast duck, the process of cutting silver carp is also a kind of performance, which has ornamental value.

"Silver carp and orange horseshoe crab fall in the snow" (Wang Changling), "Silent snow" (Du Fu), "Flying golden plate Gao Xue" (Du Fu) and "Silver carp is like snow and afraid of the wind" (Xiang Si), which can prove that the sashimi in the Tang Dynasty is as thin as snow; "Knife sounds like silver carp flying" (Du Fu), "Silver carp is red and thin" (Han Yi) and "Long brocade" (Bai Juyi), which can prove that sashimi in the Tang Dynasty was cut into strands; "Scorpion wields double knives from left to right, and the golden plate is as high as snow" (Du Fu) and "* * * carp is newly cooked in front of me" (Zhang Ji), which can prove the process of making sashimi in Tang Dynasty and have ornamental value. Among them, it is curious that the chef (roe deer) danced two knives to cut silver carp under the pen of the poet Du Fu.

When people in the Tang Dynasty eat sashimi, they often mention rice. For example, "Cooking depends on the pot and smelling the knife" (Liu Zongyuan), "Cooking fragrant rice can cure bass and silver carp early" (Xu Hun) and "Red fragrant yellow orange fragrant rice" (Bai Juyi).

When eating fish fillets, rice may be the staple food, which is not necessarily similar to sushi in Japanese cuisine today. Of course, sashimi was not common in the Tang Dynasty. It was a "feast".

Otherwise, the poet wouldn't write it into the poem so seriously. Therefore, when eating sashimi, other dishes are indispensable.

"Carp is the first silver carp, and Jinding is cooking sheep" (He Chao), "When drinking, shoot soft-shelled turtles and count silver carp" (Bai Juyi), "Steamed dolphin with garlic and roasted duck with salt and pepper. Poems such as Boneless Fish and a Cooked Face (Hanshan) are enough to prove this point.

Among the poets in the Tang Dynasty were Meng Haoran, Wang Wei, Wang Changling, Li Bai, Du Fu, Cen Can, Liu Zongyuan, Li Shangyin, Bai Juyi, Lu Guimeng and Pi Rixiu. It can be seen that many people like this kind of food.

Among them, no one is easy to be right when it comes to luxury and eroticism. During Bai Juyi's tenure as the prefect of Jiangnan, he held many rich raw fish banquets to reward his subordinates.

On one occasion, he made the following detailed and vivid description in his poems: "It is both a gift and a treasure. There is no water in the river, and there is no water in the river.

Dishes and music are hanging, and prostitutes are sitting on tables. Merry Wu zhongke, Kerry Jiangnan.

Dance with the music festival, and the dance fragrance stays in the grass. The pure drama is not condensed, it is spring. "

(The banquet before Xianzhai is the Liao of Kexian County) Besides sashimi, there are other delicacies. To entertain the eyes and ears, there are beautiful women singing and dancing. This scene is lively and elegant compared with the abnormal "female body" in Japan.

4. Was there sashimi in ancient times? In ancient times, raw fish and raw meat were called glutinous rice, and the cooking style of glutinous rice was more popular in the Tang Dynasty. During this period, people have learned more about the kinds of fish suitable for pickling, and found that many fish can be eaten raw, and fresh fish are often sliced and eaten with wine. There is a poem about eating sashimi in the Tang Dynasty poet Meng Haoran's "Writing a Pond": "The stone pond is near the pond, and the sand bank makes the dawn fall. If you try to fish with a bamboo pole, you will get a bad head. The beauty is golden and the hands are red and fresh. "

In the Tang Dynasty, not only fresh fish were preserved, but also dried fish were preserved. The so-called dried fish is sliced and dried. After drying in the sun, it is sealed and stored in Zhidao, and then soaked in water when eating. This dried fish fillet can be preserved for about two months, which is an important invention of the Tang Dynasty.

5. The poem about sake is "difficult to walk" (works of Li Bai in Tang Dynasty)

The cost of pure wine is a gold cup and 10 thousand copper coins for a hip flask, which is embarrassing and straightforward.

"Wine urn gives birth to dreams" (works of Bai Juyi in Tang Dynasty)

Without two or three jars of sake, we will fight for thousands of stalks.

"Prostitute Jinling Zi offered Lu" (works of Li Bai in Tang Dynasty)

I also drink sake for you, but your heart refuses to talk to others.

Guo Mingfu in Chang 'an and Zhonghui in Friend County drink alcohol (works by Zhang Ji in Tang Dynasty)

A statue of sake is the same for two people. Fortunately, it is in Xishui County, Jiexi.

Quasi-drunkenness (Complete Works of Yuan Zhen in Tang Dynasty)

A leisurely night in September begins with a glass of sake.

Give away (Complete Works of Li Xianyong in Tang Dynasty)

A pot of sake should be separated from love, and don't gloat.

Chen Lun Wine (Works of Jong Li in Tang Dynasty)

Fortunately, there is a pot of sake. Let me talk about it.

"Thank people for sending wine (metabolic work Cui Jialang Jun sends wine)" (complete works of Sun Shi in Tang Dynasty)

Thank you for sending sake to the troubled people. It's clear and sweet, and it smells delicious.

6. Poetry about food friends held a banquet in Qingyun Building, with twelve dishes and Langjiu.

Su Dongpo was demoted to Zhan County, Hainan Island, and the staggered cups were exhausted, and the mouth of Shishi in front of the door was drooling. There is an old woman selling rice cakes in the local area. Her craft is good and the quality of doughnuts is high. But because the store is secluded and unknown, business has been bad.

Knowing that Su Dongpo was a famous writer, the old woman asked him to write poems for the shop. Su Dongpo pitied her for her poor life and good skills in making cakes, so she wrote a seven-line poem: Jade color is rubbed evenly, blue oil is light yellow and deep.

Sleeping at night in spring knows the weight, crushing a beautiful woman and hugging gold. About "fish" fish is delicious and nutritious, and it has won people's love since ancient times.

Fan Raozhou sat in China eating puffer fish. In the Song Dynasty, Mei Chunlei was born and flowers flew on the spring shore. At this time, puffer fish went on the market, and the price was very high, surpassing all fish and shrimp.

The puffer fish looks strange enough, and it has no food. The belly is as big as a big pig, the eyes are prominent, and it is like a frog in Wu area.

When the bubble burst, it was lost in the throat. Why should anyone eat food that hurts people like this? I asked southerners, but they were full of praise for puffer fish.

It is said that fish is really delicious, and people who are silent about poison are more like hemp. I can't refute them, thinking over and over again, and facing the surprise empty. Han Yu came to Chaoyang and began to be afraid of eating snakes.

It wasn't long before Liu Zongyuan arrived in Longcheng to eat a calm frog. Snakes and frogs are strange and disgusting in shape, but they have nothing to do with human life and have no fear.

The puffer fish tastes better than them, but the hidden evil is boundless. Beautiful things must be evil, as the ancients said.

Fan Zhongyan, a fisherman on the river in the Song Dynasty, came and went on the river, but he loved the beauty of perch. Look at those poor fishermen, floating up and down in the big waves and rocking in the boats.

People come and go on the river bank, bustling and very lively. What are they doing? Perch has a flat and narrow body, a large head and thin scales, and is delicious.

People flocked to the river in order to get there first and taste the delicious perch early. Zheng Gu, a fisherman from Huaishang, went to Baitou to stay at Pulsatilla's house and moved to Buffon by boat.

He just caught a bass, and his son and grandchildren are busy collecting firewood in the silver grass to make a fire and roast fish. The son of the fisherman, the egrets fly in front of Mount Zhang Xisai, and the peach blossoms are flowing and the mandarin fish are fat.

An old man in the bank, wearing a green bamboo hat raincoat and a green raincoat, braved the wind and rain and fished leisurely. He was fascinated by the beautiful spring scenery and didn't even go home in the rain. Su Dongpo: "Yu Qian and Shang Lu" can't live without meat and bamboo.

No meat makes people thin, no bamboo makes people vulgar. People are thin and fat, but most people are incurable.

Others scoff at this, so high that they are stupid. If you are still munching on this, there are Yangzhou cranes in the world.

7. What are the poems describing Japan? 1. Fusang is old, and his home is in Fusang East.

From Wei Zhuang, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, "Seeing the Japanese Monks Worship the Dragon".

Original poem

Send a Japanese monk to worship the dragon back to China.

Fusang is already in Xiaosuo, and his home is in Fusang East.

Who will come here with the teacher? A boat full of bright moon and sails.

translate

Fusang in the distance is already in the twilight, and your home is in the east of Fusang. Who can go to your hometown with you here? There is only a boat full of bright moon and wind.

You are destined to find the source. Now, pursue your path like in a dream.

From the Tang Dynasty poet Qian Qi's Send Monks to Japan.

Original poem

Send the monk back to Japan

You can come to China whenever you have the opportunity; The road is foggy and the ship is sailing in a dream.

Tianhai floated up again, and the boat sailed to the edge of the distance; Beyond the mundane, you will naturally feel the light of Fa Zhou.

The mood is quiet, and everything is as unreal as water and moon; The inner government of Shiguo will come out to listen to your chanting.

The most lovely thing is that there is a Buddha lamp that illuminates the soul; Sailing in Wan Li, your eyes are always bright.

translate

You can come to China whenever you have the opportunity; It was foggy all the way, and the ship seemed to sail in a dream. The sea rises and falls, and the boat sails to the edge of the distance; Outside the secular world, you will naturally feel the lightness of Fa Zhou. The mood is calm and peaceful, and everything is illusory like water and moon; The ichthyosaurs in the sea will also come out to listen to your chanting. The most lovely thing is that there is a Buddha lamp to illuminate the heart; Sailing in Wan Li, the eyes are always bright and bright.

3, Japan's Chaoqing resigned from the Imperial Capital, sailing around Penghu.

From the Tang Dynasty poet Li Bai's Crying for Chaoqingheng.

Original poem

Cry toward the Qing Heng.

Japanese friend Chao Heng Heren said goodbye to Chang 'an and returned to Penglai Islands in the east.

Like a bright moon, the sea does not return, and the mood of missing you is like a faint cloud hanging over Yuntai Mountain.

translate

Japanese friends bid farewell to Chang 'an towards Hengqing and returned to their hometown. He sailed eastward and returned to Penglai Islands. I miss you like a faint cloud over Yuntai Mountain.

4. When the east wind arrived in Japan, the silver pheasant came.

From Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, "Don't be ungrateful after release"

Original poem

Don't touch kindness after release.

The sky was suddenly enlightened by clouds and thunder.

The east wind comes from Japan, and the pheasant comes from above.

Abandoned Changsha country alone and did not return for three years.

When to enter the publicity room, even asked Luoyang.

translate

The sky thundered and thundered, and dark clouds surged. It turns out that the emperor's spring rain is gathering and the emperor's kindness is wide open. As far east as Japan and as far south as Vietnam, which once contributed silver pheasants, they all enjoyed this imperial favor. But I am like Jia Yi of the Han Dynasty. I have been exiled to the south for three years, but I still can't forgive him. . When will you recruit me to the palace again and ask me about the world's plans so that I can show my talents?

The beautiful scenery by the riverside is still there, and people from afar come here.

From the Modern Poet Lu Xun's "To Japanese Singers"

Original poem

To a Japanese singer

The riverside scenery is still there, and people from afar come here.

Don't look at singing and dancing far away, Westward Journey is a fairy.

translate

Fireworks are still green in March, and guests from afar board the return journey at this time. Please don't think back to the song and dance performances here. They are full of ghosts and monsters.