Theoretical knowledge of hairdressing specialty

With the improvement of people's living standards, the fashion industries such as beauty and clothing have developed rapidly. Train students to systematically master the basic theories, knowledge and professional skills needed for beauty salons, and at the same time be able to independently engage in body design, modeling and packaging skills. Let me introduce you to the theoretical knowledge of hairdressing, hoping it will be useful to you!

Professional knowledge of hairdressing

1. epidermis

About 10%, it is the coat of hair, which can protect the head in scales, resist acid and alkali, pull, but scratch. Alkaline damage can cause scales to fall off and make hair porous. The rough luster of hair depends on this layer. The more layers of hair scales, the thicker and harder the hair, generally 3? 15 layer, this layer is characterized by that when it meets alkali and water, the hair scales will open, and when it meets alkali, it will expand and contract when it meets acid.

2. Cortical layer:

It accounts for 80% of hair, is the main component of hair, and is fibrous by keratin. It contains a lot of natural pigment particles, and the cortical layer determines the color and straightness of hair. Contain; Amino acid, protein, polypeptide, melanin, moisturizing factor, four bonds, fibrin liquid, gel, interstitial substances and trace elements.

3. Medullary layer:

10%, in the central layer of hair, there is a bubble column structure, which mainly absorbs nutrition from scalp for hair growth, and has no effect on hair dyeing and perm.

Hair care expertise

1, daily care

In addition to dyeing and perm, daily sun exposure, combing hair, shampooing and improper haircut will damage hair.

The daily damage is mainly to destroy the epidermis of hair, so our daily care is mainly to protect the epidermis of hair, which is what we call hair scales.

Comb hair

Scales are in contact with water and alkalinity. Try not to comb your hair when wet. The habit of combing our hair after putting shampoo is wrong, because the scales were basically open at that time.

Be sure to use conditioner before combing your hair. The conditioner is acidic and can effectively close the scale. And a good conditioner can form a protective film on the hair until the next shampoo. Effectively reduce scale shedding.

wash one's hair

First of all, let's talk about the concept of separation of washing and care first put forward by Na Wei Company.

The separation of washing and care is the separation of shampoo and hair care. Open the scale layer when shampooing, and only in this way can the hair be thoroughly cleaned, while the scale layer should be closed when caring hair. These two functions are contradictory.

Therefore, washing while protecting is theoretically untenable. Nowadays, shampoos are basically alkaline or weakly alkaline, while hair conditioners are acidic, so it is impossible to combine them into one.

So there is no real two-in-one product for washing and care. In order to achieve the effect of softening hair after washing, most two-in-one care products will add ingredients to soften hair, that is, softeners and something called silicon.

There are many articles in this field, so I won't say much.

It's much easier to understand that washing and nursing are separated. First, open the hair scales and wash the hair thoroughly, then close the hair scales with conditioner to repair the hair and form a protective film on the hair.

When washing shampoo alone, you will think of some inferior shampoos, which contain no hair care ingredients, but are too alkaline and damage your hair.

Then, try not to use overheated water when washing your hair, and dry your hair with a towel. Be careful not to wipe. This will reduce scale shedding.

Because epidermis is used to protect the inside of hair, it is particularly important to have a healthy epidermis.

haircut

Scissors are not sharp enough when cutting hair, and using sliding scissors will damage scales.

2. Professional nursing

Professional nursing is generally suitable for dyeing hair, mainly for the second layer of hair, cortex.

When dyeing, the main function of liquid medicine is cortex. The main components of cortex are protein and water.

Therefore, many baking oils are written to supplement protein and water.

Different baking oils are suitable for different hair qualities, depending on the hair quality.

Straight hair, dry, suitable for hydrating, smooth and supple baking oil after finishing.