Who knows the origin of this picture? The more detailed the better, the more accurate! xx

"Fly fishing" is translated into "fly fishing" in China. In fact, this translation is not suitable, and it can only be translated literally. When you first saw fly fishing, the first thing that attracted you was its "flying" charm, dancing and moving beauty, and the unity of heaven, people, water and fish. I feel that the translation of "fly fishing" is more imaginative and seems more appropriate.

The equipment and technology of fly fishing are very different from our usual fishing methods. Compared with other fishing methods, the throwing technique is more difficult. Fly fishing is a very popular fishing method in North America and Europe, but it seems to be rare in China, and it is rare to introduce fly fishing. I've been involved in fly fishing for some time, and I'm getting hooked on this fishing method. This fishing method is briefly introduced, including general situation, equipment introduction, flying throwing technology introduction and flying bait making.

Second, the equipment introduction:

Regarding fly fishing equipment, the first thing to introduce is the concept of "number". Because of the complexity of fly fishing technology, there is a high requirement for the cooperation between equipment. The number of faucets in flying fishing rods, fishing lines, fishing wheels and even flying fishing equipment must be strictly matched! For example, #2, with a small flying fish wheel, can balance the weight and save labor when swinging; The #2 pole needs to cooperate with the #2 flying fish line to be thrown smoothly; The pole and thread of No.2 are very light and soft. If it is paired with 0X (very thick) Leader, the performance of Fly will be bad, and so on. Basically, the number of poles, lines and rounds should be matched, for example, from # 2 to # 10. The higher the number, the stronger the pole, the thicker the line, the bigger the wheel and the bigger the target fish. The numbers of leaders are separated, such as 0x-6x. The bigger the number, the thinner the line. For example, under normal circumstances, the strong brain line 0X, 1X is used to catch three-striped fish, and the thin brain line 4X is used to catch trout.

The rods, lines and wheels are marked with numbers, and some rods are marked with #5/6, that is, line 5 or line 6 can be used; The range of wheel matching is wider and the requirements are not very strict. Try to match as much as possible when conditions permit.

Generally speaking, it is best to choose the median, and the most recommended is the #6 pole and line, which is moderate and suitable for all fish. After proficiency, you can supplement different sizes of equipment according to your own preferences and target fish. The so-called veterans are generally not less than three sets of equipment with different numbers.

1: fishing rod.

Of all the equipment for fly fishing, personally, the choice of pole is the most important. Generally speaking, the flying fishing rod is longer than the common sea rod, and the length is between 2 meters and 3 meters. The biggest feature is lightness and elasticity. Fly fishing is always "flying", so the pole is required to be light, so it won't be tired if you swing it for a long time.

The wheel seat is at the bottom of the rod; The conductor ring is also special, which makes the outgoing line smooth. The most important reason for poles is that everyone has different preferences, some like hard poles and some like soft poles; Second, the quality of the pole directly and maximally affects your throwing technique practice. If the pole is not suitable for you from the beginning, or the quality is poor, it will affect your technical foundation. Therefore, it is suggested that novices can make do with other equipment temporarily, and the first fishing rod should not be too cheap, too hard and too elastic. The selection method of pole is similar to other poles (such as hand pole, rock pole, etc.) I personally like medium (soft) hardness.

The price of fly fishing rod varies greatly, ranging from 30 dollars to 700 dollars /800. Generally speaking, you can buy a rod of about 150 first, and you must shake it yourself to feel the length, hardness and elasticity, which suits your own style and preferences. At present, there are two-stage and multi-stage models on the market. Basically, with the development of technology, there is little difference between two-stage and multi-stage in quality and feel.

At present, the quality of domestic flying fishing rods has been greatly improved and the price is cheap. Just try it. For example, the fly fishing rod in fenwick, made in China, is very cost-effective.

2: Flying fish line.

The second important thing is the choice of flying fish line. The line in fly fishing equipment is divided into three parts: back line, fly fishing line and lead line.

1) back line

The back line is an ordinary braided fishing line, one end of which is tied to the shaft of the wheel and the other end is connected to the last end of the flying fishing line. It has two functions:

First, the fly fishing line is generally only 30 meters long. If you catch big fish, the fishing time is not long enough, and the back line needs work; Second, many flying fish wheels have thin shafts. After winding, connecting the flying fish line can enlarge the shaft diameter, reduce the winding times of the flying fish line and reduce the winding memory of the flying fish line.

There is no special requirement for the back thread: it is generally braided thread with a tensile force of 20-30 kg and a length of 50 m-100 m. If the target fish is a small fish, the diameter of the shaft of the flying fish wheel itself is large (such as the front wheel), and the rear line can be used less or not.

It is not recommended to use ordinary transparent thread as the back line, which is easy to age. Once the line is disconnected when fishing, the expensive flying fish line is gone, which is not cost-effective.

2) Flying line

This is the most diverse part of fly fishing equipment. Generally, the line is about 30 meters long, which is the main body of "flying". Now introduce specifications by category:

* Classification according to buoyancy characteristics:

Floating line, full floating line, generally bright colors, such as yellow, grass green, orange and so on. In the introduction of fly fishing, it is the first choice, because it completely floats on the water and is relatively easy to control. After proficiency, it will gradually expand to other types of lines.

Submerged line, full submerged line, generally darker in color, such as dark brown and black. There are many kinds of submerged lines, mainly different submerged speeds (the specification is xx feet per second), including moderate submerged lines, fast submerged lines and overspeed submerged lines.

Submerged floating line, front submerged floating line. It is a combination of the above two, the main body is a full floating line, and the front end has a submerged line (also divided into submersible speed specifications), and the submerged line is about 3-5 meters.

* according to the shape and function:

In order to facilitate throwing, the flying fish line has a strange shape design. Generally, it is not a line with uniform thickness, but a line with variable diameter and thickness, which is designed for convenience.

Long distance, easy to stretch, easy to get out smoothly.

The weight moves forward, and the front-end weight design, that is, the front-end thread (thread talent and core talent) of the flying line is heavier. The shape is also conical, which is the most common one;

Rocket tip, the front end is shaped like a rocket, which is easy to throw away;

Shooting tip, short flying fish line, directly connected to the line, used for long-distance throwing;

Double taper, double taper gradient line, flying fish line is thick in one section and gradually tapers back and forth;

Horizontal is a line with exactly the same diameter;

The nominal flying line can reflect its type. For example, the WF5F line is the weight forward, #5, the floating line; WF7F/S, that is, weight forward, #7, front submerged floating line, etc. There are many kinds, such as self-lubricating line in new technology.

A good flying line is soft and not easy to produce memory effect; The outer sheath is wear-resistant; Uniform thickness change and long service life. Fly fishing line is expensive, and a good fly line costs more than 60 yuan, and some even cost hundreds of dollars. Ordinary dollars range from 20 to 50. Beginners practice, flying fish line can choose a cheaper one, and then buy a good one as needed. You only need to practice the floating line first, and then gradually expand to the submerged line and the front submerged floating line, because the floating line is the easiest to control and the most commonly used, which is better for beginners.

3) the leader's brain line.

Like other fishing methods, the Leader is connected to the front end of the flying fishing line and has the same function. There are three differences:

* Customized fly fishing brain line, and the diameter gradually changes from coarse to fine. This is mainly for the smooth flight, not easy to knot, so that the bait flip is smoother;

* Flying fishing faucets are generally long, and the customized specifications are 9 feet, which is about 3 meters. The long team leader also has higher requirements for throwing skills. Beginners can start with shorter common leads, such as 0.5 meters, and gradually lengthen them. Generally, submerged wires can be equipped with shorter leads; ;

* The customized tour leader is more expensive (made in 6 yuan or so), so most fly fishermen add a line in front of the tour leader, called Tippet, with a length of 20-30cm, which belongs to the consumption of talents. The conductor, like the ordinary leader, is slightly lighter and receives the fly bait. Generally, this section is broken, cut and ground.

Leaders can also do it by themselves, and it is cheaper to use three kinds of lines with different pounds, from thick to thin. Some articles suggest that the ratio of three lengths (from coarse to fine) is (50:30:20)+ shawl.

3. Flying fishing wheel

Flying fishing wheel is the least important part of flying fishing equipment, and it is only a device for loading lines. If the target fish is large, the quality requirements for the wheels are relatively high, and in most cases, the requirements are not high. The price of wheels also varies greatly, ranging from 10 to 500.

There are two kinds of flying fishing wheels, one is a bearingless gear rental device, which is generally cheaper; The other is the butterfly brake system with one-way bearing, which is better and also available in China. It is the "all-metal front wheel" with good quality.

There is also a combination wheel on the market now, that is, a wheel can be replaced with different cores, which is more useful for fly fishing. This kind of wheel is much more convenient, because it is often necessary to switch different types of lines according to the situation (fishing bottom, fishing drift, etc.). ).

4. flies fly bait.

Fly bait, the so-called "fly", is one of the main factors that determine the catch. Most fly fishermen make their own flies. Experts will put tools and materials on the car when fishing, and make realistic simulated flies when catching local insects. About making fly bait, the last part will introduce in detail.

Flying can be basically divided into "dry" and "wet" in floating performance. The so-called "dry" is a fly; Floating on the water (or the upper layer) and not sinking; Wet, on the other hand, is sinking and generally has weight. In fact, when fishing, the boundary between dry and wet is sometimes not very clear. Some floating baits will sink properly after a long time in the water. Some lighter wet bait will float if it is dragged faster.

There are many kinds, and there is no uniform standard. Typical ones are: nymph, streamer, minofish, woolybug, etc. Of course, the size of the hook is also an indicator. The choice of flies is a process of experience and practice. What waters are effective and what fish species are effective is entirely experience and needs constant practice.

5. Other equipment.

Other equipment fly fishing is similar to other fishing methods. Because there is no real bait, bait, etc. That would be easier. Commonly used, such as flying fishing rod bag (for protection), fishing vest (short type), leaning against water, wading boots, scissors, hemostatic forceps (for unhooking), net copying, etc. In fly fishing, sometimes standing in the water for a long time makes it inconvenient to take the equipment ashore. Usually carry it with you. Crossbody bags or backpacks are also necessary.

Since long leaders are generally used, there should also be a small thing, that is, a leadership stretcher. It consists of two pieces of rubber. When you feel that the leader is not straight, use it to hold the leader and stretch it. Friction will generate some heat and make the leader soft and straight.

Another point that needs special attention is that due to the sports characteristics of fly fishing, flies fly around in the air, and even old horses often trip. Therefore, we should pay attention to protecting key parts such as eyes, such as eye (ink) glasses and baseball caps.

6. Equipment maintenance

Not to mention the maintenance of other equipment, just like the usual equipment. Here only talk about the maintenance of flying fish line.

1) Every time the fly fishing line comes back, it should be cleaned with special cleaning solution. Dip some cleaning solution with a paper towel, wrap the flying fish line, and pull it back and forth to clean and lubricate the flying fish line. There is an alternative, that is, baby oil for babies. Using it to maintain the flying fish line can also play the same role in cleaning and lubricating. Soak and clean the flying wire thoroughly with neutral detergent once a year, and then lubricate and save it;

2) After a period of use, the fly fishing line will have a "memory", that is, it is no longer straight and smooth. At this time, you need to stretch it once. Find a smooth ring, such as a bolt, steel column, etc. The thread bypasses this object, grabs the thread end with one hand and the thread wheel with the other hand, and gradually walks away. After walking for a while, stretch the line until the flying line is completely released and stretched. And then loosely retracted to the reel.

3) Fly fishing in cold weather, the line hole is easy to freeze, which is very harmful to the line. The solution is to apply a little vaseline paste on the thread hole to prevent ice stubble and wear the flying line.

Third, throwing technique.

It's difficult to describe the flying cast simply by words and pictures. Friends can use the English keywords mentioned in the article to search on YouTube and other video sites. If you watch the video, it will be more intuitive. Here is just a rough introduction based on my own experience.

There are many ways to fly fishing, especially after mastering it skillfully, there is a lot of room for free play. According to the terrain, water flow, wind direction, obstacles and other influencing factors, it is not very formal to choose the appropriate throwing method. However, the key requirements are: sense of rhythm, mastery of angle, strength skills and relaxation. This is the basic inner essence. No matter how the appearance changes, these factors must be strictly observed. As long as these elements are chaotic, the whole throwing will be chaotic.

Flying fishing and throwing, practice is very important, especially at the beginning, the equipment is ready, but the leader uses ordinary fishing line, the length is about 0.5- 1 meter, first short and then long, and gradually expands to 3 meters; In front of the team leader, tie a bunch of colorful hair balls, such as wool, about the size of a fingernail, instead of flying hooks. The best site is the grass, with the site10m. Be careful not to practice on rough and dry ground, which will wear the flying line.

There is a basic principle to pay attention to in practice: many beginners aim to throw far and use it as a sign of "practice" instead of experiencing and practicing the concept of perfect "cycle" This kind of thinking will affect the practice of basic skills, leading to distortion of movements. The more you want to throw it far, the more you can't throw it, and the more you entangle the line. ...

Let's introduce the basic methods in the order of practice, perhaps in the order of difficulty, and the main points run through them.

1. Pick it up and put it down.

Let's call it lifting and paying off. It is the simplest thing not to emphasize this point in the general fly fishing materials, but I personally think it is very important and helpful for future practice and actual combat.

Pull out the flying line about 5-6 meters, so that the front of it lies flat on the grass in a straight line, and the fishing rod extends horizontally forward (at 9 o'clock, parallel to the ground) and forms a straight line with the flying line.

The grip method is similar to the hand grip method. One hand holds the flying line at the same time, so that the flying line will not run back and forth (fixed length). Take elbow joint as axis and ABCD as rhythm;

Answer: Swing up (backward) gradually, and gradually increase the intensity until it stops at 2 o'clock;

B: Stop for a beat, and let the thread that flies into a half ring stretch backwards to finish its journey;

C: Swing forward gradually, with increasing strength, and stop at 10 position;

D: Gently pull the lever (9 o'clock position).

At this point, the flying line should be restored to the state before lifting the pole, that is, lying flat in front and in a straight line. If not, it means that the swing method, angle and strength are all wrong. Keep practicing until you can easily lift the line-fly backward-fly forward-and then put it down. After proficiency, you can increase the length of the line until it is about 10 meter.

There are three main mistakes that are easy to make: First, the strength is wrong. Don't "start" too hard. The most powerful position should be at 12, but "stop" can be an emergency stop. The whole process should be relaxed, not too hard; Second, the angle of backward flight is too large, much more than 2 points, so that the line of backward flight will touch the ground, and then it is impossible to fly forward; Third, the beat of B dropped and became A-C-D, and the line shape was not a perfect circle, so it failed.

2. Rotate and throw the line

Roll casting is a very important fly fishing technique. Many advanced games combine the dice into an action, starting with it or ending with it. In fact, it's not easy to practice rolling. Just don't ask too much at first.

Roll Cast looks like a swaying ribbon on the stage, forming a roll that rolls forward and washes out the lines. Roller casting basically does not use the back space.

Pull out the flying line about 7 or 8 meters, so that the front of it lies flat on the grass in a straight line, and the fishing rod extends horizontally forward (at 9 o'clock, parallel to the ground) and forms a straight line with the flying line. Hold the lever with one hand and hold the flying wire at the same time.

With the elbow as the axis, gently lift the pole to the upper right (for example, holding the pole in the right hand) and reach the position behind the head (2 o'clock direction). At this time, the thread sticks to the ground and retracts a little, on the right side of the body; Push hard gradually, swing forward and stop at 10. At this time, the flying line will form a ring and roll forward until the line rolls straight again.

Roll and throw, this swing is a bit like our ordinary sea swing. Sometimes practice on water.

The effect is better than that on the grass, because water has a certain resistance to the thread, which is easy to form a better ring. After one-handed practice, you can change to two hands, that is, one hand holds the pole and the other pulls the wire.

3. Standard flying throw

First, pull out the 6-8 rice noodles and hold the pole in one hand. When practicing, you can hold the thread with one hand or the other hand at the same time. The key points and matters needing attention in Feitou's personal summary are "rhythm, angle and power mode":

1): made in strict accordance with 4 beats: A- fly back; Bilibili; C- flying forward; D block; Then it continued until it flew forward for the last time: stop-put it down;

2): Don't start with explosiveness. If you can clearly hear the "swish" sound of the pole waving, or even the flying line makes a "snapping" sound similar to whipping, it means that the method of exerting force is wrong;

3): The angle should be right. Beginners always have too big an angle, especially the backflip angle, and must not be too big. If it is too big, the tip of the line will be too low or touch the ground.

4): The practice process is to practice how the flying line forms a perfect open ring in the air, like a lying "U" shape. The ring is not perfect, for example, the thread head touches the thread body and the rod tip, forming a closed loop similar to rotational molding, and the thread head touches the ground, indicating "wrong angle" or "wrong strength" or "wrong rhythm";

5): In practice, the number of swings is random and ends with a landing point (the last forward or backward flight is called shooting). It's easy to make a mistake, that is, don't use too much extra force when shooting. The "ring" in fly fishing determines everything. The harder you work, the wrong rhythm and method of exertion. If the cycle is not well formed, it will be counterproductive.

6): Actually fly fishing, fly several times more, in order to release a part of the line every time you fly forward until the last throw. When practicing, you can fix the length, simply practice the rope throwing process, and slowly start paying off during the flight;

7): practice casually. At first, you can fly vertically. Slowly, you can fly at a 45-degree angle between the pole and your body. Then, you can fly slowly at any angle (such as flying horizontally, which is very useful for actual fishing). You can even walk around and fly dynamically ... the more skilled you are, the easier it will be!

8): drop doesn't have to be completely thrown in front, but it can also be dropped when flying back. Sometimes, there are many trees on the river bank, and only a narrow and specific space can be used. At this time, you can cast it facing the river bank, because in the face of those obstacles, you can hang the tree more accurately and not easily, and then fly+descend after use, so that the flying line can be finally thrown into the river.

4. Basic technology combination

In actual fly fishing, only one throwing method is rarely used, but it is used in combination.

For example, in real fishing, there are not many times to fly back and forth, but according to needs. In many cases, flying once is enough. For example, first do a roll throw, let the fishing line fly out of the water, and then take a standard throw (flying backward-flying forward), and the throw will soon end, including the above three actions. These methods can be combined purposefully in practice.

If these samples are practiced, you can accurately and easily throw the distance above 10 meter, and you don't often wrap, hang and tie the leader's knot, then you can go out for actual combat training!

The front is the basic method, and after proficiency, you will inevitably face a more complicated problem: how can you throw it farther? There are too many shrubs on the river bank to use the standard flying throw. What should I do? How to bypass obstacles? How to fly in running water? How to resist the influence of wind? Wait a minute. This requires obtaining more complex technology.

5. Towing and pulling technology.

Haul just pulls the wire. Haul's purpose is to swing the rod with one hand and hold the thread with the other. With the throwing action, the hand holding the line pulls and relaxes the flying line, which increases the speed of the flying line in air movement, thus increasing the throwing distance without extra effort. It is divided into single hauling and double hauling.

Combine Haul into flying throw (including rolling throw), although there is a rhythmic connection, but the movements of both hands are not the same. At first, I was not used to it. It's a bit like Zhou's left and right hand hitting each other, which requires more practice and finally forms a habitual action.

Take the standard cast as an example. Inside the bracket is the action of the other hand: a: fly after starting (pulling the wire); B: Stop (feed the thread but don't loosen it); C: Start flying forward (pull the wire); D: Stop (send the thread, but don't let it leave) ............................................................................................................................................................ D: Stop (let go! ), at this time, the thread will shoot out until it no longer comes out, and the drop is over.

In the above process, a ring has two tugboats on the line, which is called "double tugboats", or it can just stop the line without tugboats in reverse flight, and it is called "single tugboat" in forward flight.

Towing technology can be said to be an essential advanced technology for fly fishermen. In the initial exercise, first, it is easy to attend to one thing and lose another; Second, it is easy to forget the steps of "sending the thread". If you don't "get rich", "drag" is meaningless; Third, when towing, the strength increases too much, which leads to chaotic rhythm.

6.Spey casting

Speaking of Spey Cast, I'm a little worried. First, I don't know how to translate accurately; Second, Spey Cast is the most complex, changeable and gorgeous technology in fly fishing technology. Unlike the previous categories, it has no formula at all! It is a general term for throwing techniques.

Generally speaking: Spey Cast is a general term for fly fishing technology that does not use or rarely uses back space. There are several characteristics:

A: Don't throw fly fishing after flying;

B: The previous movements are ever-changing, and there is no formula, but they all end with "rolling";

C: The general action will not be repeated many times in a cycle like the standard forward and backward flight;

D: more hauling technology is used;

Many fishing occasions, due to the influence of topography, can not provide back space, such as rivers with dense shrubs, towering banks behind them, streams in dense forests and so on. However, fly fishing needs space and there is no back row space, so we have to find a way from the left and right and the front. Cast-rolling itself does not need back space, but generally cast-rolling will not be far because of water resistance. Therefore, before rolling, use all methods to fly the line out of the water.

A gorgeous technique, the fishing rod circles, the flying line forms a flying spin in the front air, and then it is rolled and thrown. This action is very beautiful, just like ribbon dancing in rhythmic gymnastics.

There is also a kind of snake called "snake roll Spey", which draws the line horizontally in a snake shape in front of the fisherman or in front of the side, and then rolls it out. There are many varieties of snake roll Spey.

Here are the most commonly used: single Spey and double Spey. They are two actions, but according to the terrain, water flow and the habits of the operator's left and right hands, only one action is used in specific situations.

We assume that the fly fisherman holds the pole in his right hand and faces the river, and the flow direction is from left to right, so "double Spey" should be adopted at this time. Before throwing, the flying line has been in the river, downstream, on the right side of the fly fisherman, parallel to the river bank. At this time, you need to take it back and throw it again. The direction is straight ahead (or left front, that is, upstream), perpendicular to the river. These steps are:

A: Swing to the left of your body, similar to a lift. At this time, the flying line is lifted off the water surface and flies forward from right to left;

B: the pole swings to the right again, and the line flies from left to right;

C: Draw an arc behind the right head (at 2 o'clock) without stopping the rod, and prepare to roll;

D: The flying line of the roll shot and the shot is straight ahead or left front.

If the above assumptions are different, such as the river flows to the left, the flying line is already in the river before throwing, and follow the river to the left of the fly fisherman. "Single Spey" should be used at this time, with fewer steps than the above flight process:

A: Swing to the right of your body, similar to picking up the ball. At this time, the flying line was lifted out of the water and flew from left to right in front;

B: Draw an arc behind the right head (at 2 o'clock) without stopping the rod, and prepare to roll;

C: The flying line of rolling shot and shooting is straight ahead or right front.

Spey Cast flies, opens and closes, which is both imposing and beautiful. It looks relaxed because it is several actions in one go! ! ! Basically, when you play fly fishing and can play Spey Cast skillfully, you should be considered an expert.

7. Wind resistance in fly fishing

Strong wind is the biggest headache for fly fishermen! Even the so-called professional fly fishermen will be greatly affected when they encounter headwinds. To deal with the wind, it is best to throw it with the wind.

If the crosswind, such as the wind from left to right, has less influence on the right-hand grip, then the left-hand grip will be bigger, because the wind will blow away the line closer to your body from the left side during flight, which is not conducive to throwing. At this time, you can use the action of "smashing around the head" in badminton, that is, when the (left hand) flies backward, the pole will not stop, and an arc pole will be drawn to fly forward from the correct position on the top of the head, so that the line will make a big bend at the back and fly forward from the right side of the body with the help of wind. or vice versa, Dallas to the auditorium

In short, it is of little significance to go with the flow and not make great efforts to hard top.

8. Take in the line and put the fish in.

Take-up, which is common in technology, is nothing more than a combination of fast, slow and slow. When a fish is hooked, it feels like lifting a pole, which is similar to other fishing methods. When sliding a fish that is not too big, the line-grasping hand generally loosens the line while damping, and the other hand can take up the line directly. To catch big fish, we need to make full use of the flexibility and elasticity of the fishing rod itself, and even use the damping and topline of the flying fish wheel.

Generally, the fly line used for fly fishing is pulled out in advance and hung loosely on the ground or in the water in front of you when it is taken back. If the current is too fast, there is a nylon bag supported by round steel wire, which can be hung on the front waist, and the drawn wire will fall inside, so it will not drift with the tide, which is beneficial to the next throw.