Once a person is bitten by a dog, there will be a shadow. Don’t raise a dog friend, as it will harm others and yourself.

Once a person is bitten by a dog, there will be a shadow. Don’t raise a dog friend, as it will harm others.

You cannot represent everyone because you do not have that right. Even if you die, everyone will still live happily. Can’t a person who has been bitten by a dog keep a dog?

Which dog trainer like us has never been bitten? Dogs communicate and behave mostly with their mouths, and bumps and bumps are inevitable

You have to know what a vaccine is! (Usually a combination of live vaccines and dead vaccines) The vaccine is a weak virus - the antibodies produced by the body's immune system after being injected into the body to resist the virus! It’s the antibodies that fight the virus, not the vaccine! If everything goes well (it usually doesn't go well for various reasons) it will take 20-30 days for the vaccine to fully produce antibodies! If you are injured by a rabid animal! At this time, we are already in the bliss of the West...

Antibodies may not be produced due to various reasons after vaccination, which is called immune failure! You will know if you have antibodies with one test! It doesn’t mean that if you take the vaccine, it will definitely happen!

If it is suspected that an animal carrying rabies virus is injured! The injection is not a vaccine! If the vaccine is injected at this time, it will induce the virus that has not yet attacked! The injection is serum (serum is an exogenous antibody!) that can directly resist the virus! Under healthy conditions, it takes 20-30 days for the vaccine to fully produce antibodies (usually not smooth, so several consecutive injections are required). Even if it does not induce antibodies, it takes this time to produce antibodies, and you may already be on the road to the West...

Finally Please read the following article carefully and then decide for yourself how to deal with it

Rabies phobia is a phenomenon unique to China. There is no other country in the world that takes rabies as seriously as China. Prejudices and fallacies about rabies are so widely spread, which is one of the important reasons for the current massive abuse of rabies vaccines in China.

The 24th page of "Southern Weekend" on September 8 published "Who should get the rabies vaccine? "Rabies phobia" and vaccine abuse", written by Yan Jiaxin, a rabies testing center of Wuhan Institute of Biological Products researcher. I read this popular science article very carefully. Assuming that its conclusions are all based on currently internationally recognized medical research, we can identify some traditional fallacies (among them are there economic incentives for stakeholders to vigorously promote vaccines?) and obtain several basic conclusions from them. Since the original article is relatively professional, I summarize it as follows according to my own understanding (if I understand it incorrectly, I will pay for the article):

1. The incubation period of rabies is usually 1-3 months, and the incubation period of a few serious bites on the head and face may be As short as 7 days, less than 1% of the total may have an incubation period greater than a year.

Second, healthy dogs do not spread rabies. A simple and practical identification method is the "ten-day observation method". WHO believes that if a dog (or cat) injures a person and remains healthy during the 10-day observation period, the injured person will not be infected.

Third, if you are in an epidemic area where rabies is prevalent, and if you have not been vaccinated before, you should be vaccinated immediately when starting the "ten-day observation method" (you cannot wait for 10 days, if you are If the observed animal really dies within 10 days, it will be green), and then based on the observation results, it will be determined whether the next few vaccinations are needed.

Fourth, there is no strict scientific proof that rats and rabbits can transmit rabies. Birds, reptiles, fish and insects do not transmit rabies.

5. Proper wound washing can reduce the incidence rate by more than 50%.

Sixth, assuming that the rabies virus has entered the central nervous system, the vaccine at this time may still be effective. After rabies virus enters the central nervous system, it will either be eliminated or become ill within 3-5 days. In any case, it is impossible for rabies virus to remain dormant in the central nervous system (including the brain and spinal cord) for a long time.

7. Once a person develops rabies, he or she will die within ten days. If someone has long suspected that they have symptoms of rabies, it must not be rabies.

8. As long as the vaccine is fully vaccinated before the onset of the disease and effective antibodies are produced (note: immune failure does not count), there will be no more "latent" rabies virus in the body, and the disease will not occur again.

9. If you have received 3-5 shots of full immunity, the protective effect will last for decades. If bitten again, 2 booster shots are enough. This view is much lower than the standards set by the Ministry of Health.

10. Compared with the WHO, our current national standards are obviously vaccine abuse. This is not only a serious waste of resources, but also the official caliber has led the entire people to "fear of madness".

These summaries are still too professional, let me put it more plainly: If you are bitten or scratched by a cat or dog, 1. Wash it immediately and be fully immunized (3-5 shots for the first time, and no more shots in the future) Be careful if you are bitten, at most 2 injections will be strengthened); 2. Observe the little guy who caused the accident for 10 days. If it is fine, you are fine, and there is no need for subsequent injections; 3. If you cannot follow up on the little guy, after completing step 1 At most, it will be fine in 1 year (there will be no scary rumors that have been lurking for decades); 4. If the little guy really dies within 10 days, if you complete step 1 as soon as possible, you still have a chance of winning; do it immediately Go to the doctor and don't let it happen (if it happens already, it's out of the question).

To put it more plainly, this is what I really want to express. Generally speaking, cats and dogs are healthy. After being bitten, they must use a scientific attitude to deal with it and simply handle it scientifically. You cannot ignore or ignore it, but there is no need to exaggerate or panic. Mania, dog phobia, neighborhood disputes, social conflicts, and long-term misleading of public opinion are all to blame. It is interests that have misled the public, and it is ignorance that has led to the unique spectacle of the Chinese people dividing their attitudes towards cats and dogs into two extreme camps of love and hate. The lives of cats and dogs have become the most pitiful victims of certain interest groups under the gorgeous and legitimate banner of public health and safety.

Appendix: Who should get rabies vaccine? "Rabies phobia" and vaccine abuse

Rabies phobia is a phenomenon unique to China. There is no other country in the world that takes rabies as seriously as China. Prejudices and fallacies about rabies are so widely spread, which is one of the important reasons for the current massive abuse of rabies vaccines in China.

Apart from AIDS, the infectious disease that people are most afraid of in China is rabies. Rabies phobia, referred to as "rabies phobia", has now become a very popular mental illness that is almost as popular as "AIDS phobia".

Recently, the issue of misuse of rabies vaccines in China has attracted widespread attention. The use of rabies vaccine in China reaches 15 million people every year, accounting for more than 80% of the global total. If vaccines are not used at all, 30,000 people will die from rabies in China every year. This means that 99.8% of the vaccinators could theoretically not have been vaccinated, and at least 1/3 of them may have been abused. So, what situations might qualify as abuse? How to avoid abuse?

The most common manifestation of rabies phobia is the misuse of rabies vaccines, taking the vaccine when it is obvious that it should not be vaccinated, and even being worried after repeated vaccinations. The prevalence of rabies phobia is obviously one of the important reasons for the current massive abuse of rabies vaccines in China.

Rabies is an infectious disease with the highest case fatality rate and low morbidity rate, and people can easily overreact. At present, unscientific remarks about rabies are rampant on the Internet or in real life, and all kinds of bizarre theories are quite common among "experts" and the public, causing some people who have contact with dogs and cats (or even those who have no contact at all) to suffer from long-term Being in fear can even develop into obsessive-compulsive disorder or "hysteria". Some people have been vaccinated multiple times, but still travel thousands of miles to Wuhan every month for antibody testing, fearing that "once the antibodies are reduced, rabies will break out." Some people believe that the virus has sneaked into their brains and that they are destined to die. They lose their jobs and search for information online all day long, feeling at a loss among all kinds of conflicting information. Some people suspect that the vaccine is fake, that there is live virus in the vaccine, that the rabies virus can be transmitted through the air, that the nurse, the expert... they struggle with endless troubles all day long.

When talking about rabies, we should first clarify one of the most basic facts: the risk of rabies is not comparable to that of AIDS (the latter has no effective vaccine and the relevant basic immune mechanism is not yet clear). The prevention and treatment of rabies is a problem that has been basically solved medically. Rabies has been effectively controlled in all developed countries and some developing countries around the world. The annual number of rabies deaths has remained at 0 or close to 0 for many years. Rabies is 100% preventable: No matter how serious the exposure is, as long as you follow the protocols recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO), you can 100% avoid the disease.

In this article, the author will list some representative situations and explain how to avoid the abuse of rabies vaccine. The author will provide several simple and practical judgment criteria to help patients with psychophobia get out of the shadows as soon as possible.

How long is the incubation period?

The incubation period of rabies may be as long as forty years? Fifty years? Even for life? China wants to create another Guinness record? In some professional magazines and even textbooks in China, it is often stated that the incubation period of rabies can last for decades.

Are these "cases" in China really rabies? Since there is no basis for laboratory diagnosis, or it is impossible to prove that no new infection has occurred recently (such as infection through some special or rare routes), these "cases" have not been recognized by the international academic community, and have even been uploaded as jokes internationally. , as an example of the low level of relevant science in China.

Domestic and foreign data show that the incubation period of rabies is usually 1-3 months. The incubation period of a few serious bites on the head and face may be as short as 7 days. In a very small number of cases (less than 1% of the total) The incubation period may also be greater than one year.

The longest incubation period of rabies currently recognized by the international mainstream scientific community is 6 years. American scholars reported this case in a professional magazine in 1991. The deceased was a Filipino immigrant and had never left the United States after immigrating to the United States. Since the chance of contracting rabies in the United States is extremely rare, and the results of partial genetic sequence analysis prove that the rabies virus isolated from the brain of the deceased is the same as the strain circulating in the country where the deceased came from, the report provides the most convincing evidence to date. It has been demonstrated that the incubation period for rabies may be as long as 6 years.

Because the number of similar cases is too small and the relevant evidence chain is not very complete, there are still objections to the case report in the relevant academic circles. For example, many French scholars believe that cases with an incubation period of more than one year, if any, are extremely rare and the possibility of recurrence after one year is negligible. They laughed off talk of a longer incubation period.

There are too many people in China who have been bitten by dogs over the past few decades. If the incubation period of rabies is really that long and so many people should be vaccinated, then the number of rabies cases in China every year Vaccinations will also increase by a considerable amount. Many patients with rabies are frightened by the legend of the long incubation period of rabies.

Promote the "Ten-Day Observation Method"

We should firmly believe that healthy dogs do not spread rabies! A related paper jointly written by experts from China and the United States based on the results of field investigations in China has been published in the 3rd issue of 2008 in the American "Journal of Media-Sourced Epidemiology". However, appearance of health does not mean true health. Experimental testing or "ten-day observation method" must be used for identification. After a person is bitten by a dog, if the dog can be killed immediately and the brain tissue is taken for testing, the test results (the presence or absence of the virus) can be used to determine whether the bitten person needs to be vaccinated. If the animals are unconditionally killed on the spot for testing, the "ten-day observation method" recognized by the WHO can be applied: "If the dog (or cat) remains healthy during the 10-day observation period... then treatment can be terminated."

In the past ten years or so, our laboratory has not found any evidence at home or abroad that is sufficient to negate the "Ten-Day Observation Method." This method is a simple and practical method to determine whether a dog (or cat) is contagious, and it is also applicable to China.

It should be noted that in rabies-endemic areas, those who have not been vaccinated before should start post-exposure prophylaxis immediately when starting the "ten-day observation method", and then determine whether they can be vaccinated based on the observation results Save the 2 or 3 shots of vaccine for later.

Most of the dogs or cats raised in cities now are pets and usually have little contact with the outside world, which facilitates the implementation of the "ten-day observation method." If the "Ten-Day Observation Method" is promoted in China, not only the dosage of the vaccine can be greatly reduced (perhaps by half of the total dosage), but also the vast majority of patients with psychophobia can achieve mental liberation more quickly.

What to do if bitten by rats or rabbits

The relevant WHO report pointed out: "Tens of thousands of wild and residential rodents in rabies endemic areas in North America and Europe Examination shows that rabies infection in rodents is rare, indicating that these animals are not reservoirs of the disease. "Specialized anti-rabies post-exposure prophylaxis is rarely required after exposure to rodents such as rabbits and hares." p>

There are occasional statistical reports of rat-to-human rabies cases in our country's literature reports, but the confirmation of the injured animals relies on the oral recollections of the patients or their family members, which has limited scientific value and the total number is very small.

According to the author’s years of data collection and research, I believe that the above views of the WHO are basically applicable to China. Especially if someone is bitten by a rat or rabbit in a non-key epidemic area, the possibility of contracting rabies is extremely small, and rabies vaccination is usually not required.

There are many chances for people to be bitten by rats - accounting for 3%-10% of all animal injuries. If vaccination is not administered under such circumstances, annual vaccine consumption may be saved by up to 1/10.

Regarding the treatment of rats biting humans, the Ministry of Health of my country has not yet issued relevant work regulations. Regarding the cases of rats actively injuring people in key epidemic areas in the south, it is recommended to objectively publicize that the probability of rabies caused by rat bites is extremely small, and at the same time, let the patients weigh whether they need to be vaccinated against rabies.

In addition, birds (such as chickens, ducks, and geese), reptiles (such as lizards, turtles, and snakes), fish, and insects never get rabies and therefore cannot transmit rabies.

Treat "indirect transmission" correctly

The source and transmission route of rabies are relatively single, mainly through scratches or bites from dogs or cats. WHO clearly stipulates that post-exposure prophylaxis is managed in three levels. For Level I exposure, i.e. contact with or feeding an animal, or an animal licking an intact panel, no precautions are required. The other so-called "indirect transmission" methods that many phobia patients worry about are very unlikely to actually occur and can usually be ignored. If some people have a particularly heavy psychological burden due to this, which seriously affects their daily work and study, they can also receive 3 preventive vaccinations. After vaccination, you can basically rest easy - neutralizing antibodies may last for years or even decades, during which time there is sufficient resistance to so-called "indirect transmission".

The important role of wound cleaning should be fully understood. Proper wound irrigation can reduce morbidity by more than 50%. For many plausible "indirect transmissions," or minor exposures in non-endemic areas, wound cleaning is actually enough to completely remove the very slight possibility of infection without insisting on vaccination.

Regarding the important role of wound treatment, there is a most typical example: the earliest recorded rabies in Europe occurred in Lyon, France in 900 AD: a bear went crazy, bit 20 people at once, and then escaped to The other side of a small river. Among the people who were bitten, 14 swam across the river to chase the bear. Perhaps because the river water naturally washed away the virus in the wounds, none of these 14 people were infected with rabies virus; while 6 of the people who did not chase the bear (and therefore did not clean their wounds) Everyone later died of rabies (it seems that those who acted bravely were rewarded).

Viruses in the central nervous system

Many patients with "phobia" like to raise this question: after the rabies virus enters the nerve cells, will the antibodies triggered by the vaccine no longer work? ? Can antibodies clear viruses in the central nervous system (CNS)?

A large amount of original and newly discovered evidence shows that rabies virus antibodies can not only neutralize the virus in peripheral nerve cells, but may also completely clear the virus in the CNS under certain conditions; rabies virus After entering the CNS, it will either be cleared or become ill within 3-5 days. Under no circumstances is rabies virus likely to remain dormant in the CNS (including the brain and spinal cord) for long periods of time.

Once a person develops rabies, he or she will die within ten days. Therefore, if any symptom is suspected to be related to rabies, the patient will definitely die of rabies after ten days (at least he will be admitted to the intensive care unit for rescue). If this is not the case, the symptoms are certainly not related to rabies (and should be referred to another specialist as soon as possible). Some patients with rabies are convinced that they have rabies and claim that typical rabies symptoms have lasted for several months or even longer. I hope no one will make fun of themselves like this again.

There are numerous cases demonstrating that treatment may be effective days or even months after viral exposure, indicating that antibodies may also clear rabies virus from the CNS.

Some patients who were actively rescued by modern life support systems and maintained their lives for a long time found that the rabies virus in the whole body (including the CNS) was completely eliminated during autopsy after death, which can be indirectly proved Antibodies can enter the CNS and clear the virus in the CNS.

In fact, most vaccination failures occur within 20 days after the first injection, mainly in patients with severe bites on the head and face. If the disease does not occur after this time, the possibility of developing it again in the future is almost non-existent.

Rabies virus does not cause changes in the morphology of brain cells. The whereabouts of rabies virus in the human body cannot be detected before the onset of the disease. Whether the brain function is damaged can only be determined based on symptoms. The detection of sufficiently high antibodies before the "onset" proves that his brain function has not been damaged, at least not severely, and he will not get sick again in the future.

In short, as long as the vaccine is fully vaccinated before the onset of illness and antibodies are produced, there will be no more rabies virus "lurking" in the body (including the CNS), and the illness will not occur again. After searching relevant literature at home and abroad, basically no cases were found that violated this standard. This is another simple and practical criterion that can help liberate rabies patients from their blind fear of rabies.

What to do after re-exposure

Some recently published clinical trials have shown that people who have received 3 to 5 doses of the initial series of rabies vaccinations have a certain degree of immune protection that can last for decades. Year. Regardless of whether the person has detectable antibodies, two doses after reexposure are enough to elicit a good immune recall response (and immune globulin is not necessary under any circumstances after reexposure).

There was a related survival case in Germany a few years ago. Before an organ provider was diagnosed with rabies, her liver, pancreas and two kidneys were transplanted to four people. Among these four people, only one who received a liver transplant survived, and the other three died of rabies within weeks of the transplant. Further investigation revealed that the surviving liver transplant recipient had been vaccinated against rabies as a child. This case may prove the sustainability of rabies vaccine efficacy.

The latest WHO regulations are: No matter how long ago you were vaccinated, you only need 2 shots after being exposed again.

The domestic Ministry of Health’s 2009 regulations on treatment after re-exposure are: 3 injections within 1-3 years, and a full course of vaccination (5 injections) required after 3 years.

Compared with WHO regulations, it can be seen that booster vaccination with more than 2 shots falls into the category of abuse. Therefore, the regulations of the Ministry of Health should be revised.

At present, domestic rabies vaccines are packaged in a box of 5 shots and cannot be sold in pieces.

There are quite a few rabies clinics, and all those who come for vaccination, including those after re-exposure, are given 5 shots indiscriminately. As a result, it is not uncommon for a person to receive 10 or 20 injections in a year. There are even extreme cases where a professional dog owner needs more than 50 injections in more than a year due to frequent dog bites. This is the most obvious form of vaccine abuse.

Mania is a phenomenon unique to China. There is no other country in the world that takes rabies as seriously as China. China is currently the world's largest producer and user of rabies vaccines. If relevant management departments and all sectors of society can work together to make full use of the knowledge and experience of countries around the world in rabies prevention and treatment, and resolutely put an end to the abuse of rabies vaccines, comprehensive calculations show that China's annual use of rabies vaccines may be reduced by half from the current level. The above will not increase the number of rabies deaths.

As long as you have the ability to train your dog not to bite

or you are not afraid of being bitten, that’s fine

Go away every time you are bitten Take the rabies vaccine, too many injections

The body cannot bear it, and the rabies vaccine has side effects.

Have you ever been bitten by a dog or are friends with dogs entering?

...Well~ I am not a medical student~ but it seems that I am often bitten by dogs (once). I will tell you something in the hope that it will be of some use to you.

1. Bite ( Or being caught by a dog's teeth, through clothes) It depends on how severe the bite is. If it is through clothes, it is usually fine, especially if it is a puppy. And it may not hurt when you are bitten, it will only hurt later. It's quite painful.

2. It will take about a week or so for the redness and swelling on the panel to subside... In fact, it also depends on the severity of the bite scar. Ruling out bacterial infection is actually like In the general sense, injuries are almost the same~

3. When a dog bites a person, the teeth are not displaced. The hole should look like a small hole (of course not deep)~ but it is usually impossible for the teeth to not move~ no matter what Whether it was caused by human movement or by a dog biting it. The degree of wound healing in the future is also related to personal constitution. My suggestion is to take some vitamins that accelerate wound compounding, such as vitamins C and E, and appropriate anti-inflammatory drugs (anti-inflammation can be done properly) To prevent redness, swelling or suppuration of wounds)

4. Their teeth are relatively pointed and long, but the teeth of pugs will be thinner (pointed), but the length is shorter than that of large dogs. As for a few millimeters I can't tell the extent... For large dogs, it's a bit like the tip of a ballpoint pen... a little thinner.

Also, if you are bitten by a dog, it is generally best to inject rabies. Go ahead and get vaccinations~ According to doctors, even if your dog has been vaccinated, you still need to vaccinate it~ I also took the enhanced type... sweat~ The most important thing is that after being bitten, be sure to cut the wound Cover it. Because rabies bacteria grow best without oxygen~

So... in the end, I hope you don’t get bitten. In addition to getting rabies vaccination, the rest is just like ordinary wounds. The nature of it is almost the same ~ Have any friends been bitten by dogs? Does it hurt to be bitten by a dog?

Look at the extent and location of the bite. If the dog bites and releases it immediately, it won't hurt much at the time, but it will become more and more painful afterwards. If the dog bites and refuses to let go, it will be very, very painful. But no matter how painful it is, it's still bearable. A friend who has been bitten by a dog is here. I would like to ask if it hurts if it is bitten by a dog? Forget about friends who have never been bitten by a dog. A friend who has been bitten by a dog comes in. Thank you

Why doesn’t it hurt? . It’s not a neurological disorder. Have all dog owners been bitten by dogs? ,,,.

No matter how docile a dog is, there will be times when it loses control. It is an animal after all, so be careful. But not all dog owners have been bitten. Does it hurt to be bitten by a dog? Friends who have been bitten by dogs come in.

Try it. Anyone who has been bitten by a dog can tell me whether it hurts? Enter those who have been bitten by dogs!

I have been bitten by dogs no less than 3 times, and almost died once. The most painful moment is about 10 to 20 minutes after being bitten by a dog, which lasts for several hours, and it is extremely painful when touched. The bitten area will turn green, which may be helpful to friends who have been bitten by dogs!

It may be your psychological effect. I have been bitten twice before, and it was very painful at the time. Especially when you go to the hospital to get vaccinated, the nurse has to squeeze out the blood. It hurt like hell. I suggest you not to be too nervous. Just relax.