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How to learn vernacular Chinese
The main difficulty for Cantonese people to learn Putonghua lies in pronunciation, but they are familiar with the vocabulary and grammar of Putonghua, because people with secondary education are generally familiar with the vocabulary and grammar norms of their own language, but the difficulty for northerners to learn Cantonese lies not only in pronunciation, but also in vocabulary and grammar. Therefore, when you make up your mind to learn Cantonese, you must be mentally prepared. The first step in learning Chinese is to train your ears and distinguish two different sounds. Different languages have different phonemes. When you learn Cantonese, at least half of the sounds are unheard of in your life. Most people are not sensitive to sounds other than their mother tongue, so it is not easy to distinguish them. For example, chicken gei 1 in Cantonese does not have this sound in Mandarin (E in Cantonese is different from E in Mandarin, which means short A sound), and it is usually confused with street gai 1. Pay attention to the difference between these sounds when learning. The second step in learning Chinese is to practice your mouth. Sometimes you know how to pronounce that sound, but when you start to speak, you will unconsciously pronounce another sound or stutter. Why is there such a situation of "lip service but not reality"? It is because you are not proficient in the pronunciation of this language and your tongue is not flexible that your pronunciation will be unconsciously influenced by your mother tongue. The only solution is to train your mouth by speaking more. The third step in learning Chinese is to train your eyes. When listening to others, we should not only listen to his voice, but also look at his mouth, how his mouth moves and what his mouth is like. For example, the pronunciation of "Dian" and "Dian" in Cantonese is very similar. The ending of Dian din2 is not closed, while Dian dim2 is pronounced.
The lips at the end are closed. If you could see the difference, you wouldn't confuse the two voices. Every language has its own special expression. It is not enough to know the pronunciation of words by optics, but also to know what words to express. For example, if you want to buy a water chestnut in Guangzhou, I'm afraid you can't buy it if you say "water chestnut", because Cantonese call it "horseshoe", even if he knows that water chestnut is a horseshoe, he will feel very uncomfortable. For example, when Cantonese people talk about time, they call five minutes "one word" and "4: 45" as "4.9 words" or "4.9". If you don't understand, you may mistake it for 4.9. Therefore, to learn a language, we must see more, listen more and speak more. To learn Cantonese, you can read some Cantonese reference books, talk and consult with Cantonese speakers, listen to Cantonese songs or watch Cantonese movies and TV series. It may be better to combine study with entertainment. In short, there is no shortcut to learning a language, only one pains, one gains.
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