Words describing ducks

Five Poems of Tao Yuanming's Return to the Garden

one

Few people do as the Romans do. Their nature is to love nature. I sneaked into the official career network and have been away from the game for more than ten years.

Birds in cages are often attached to the forests of the past, and fish in ponds yearn for the abyss of the past. I want to open up wasteland in Minamino and keep my humility to the fields.

The house is surrounded by about ten acres of land, thatched cottages. Willow trees cover the eaves, and peach trees cover Li Lieman in front of the hospital.

The neighboring village of the neighboring village is faintly visible, and there is smoke in the village. Several dogs barked in the alley, and the mulberry tree was barked by a rooster.

There is no dust and sundries in the yard, and the quiet room is comfortable and leisurely. Trapped in a cage without freedom for a long time, I finally returned to the forest today.

Secondly,

There are few people in the wild and few wheels in the backcountry.

When I was in the market, there were people everywhere, wearing grass and going back and forth. Meeting you, no nonsense, Sang Ma has a long way to go.

The days in Sang Ma are long, but those in our country are wide. I'm always afraid that the frost will come and disperse with the grass.

third

At the foot of Nanshan, beans are planted, and the grass is full of beans.

The road is narrow and the vegetation is long, and the evening dew is stained with clothes.

Fourth.

Long-term tourism mountain ze, wild forest entertainment. Try to take your son and nephew and put them in the wild market.

Wandering among the mountains, unwilling to live in the past. There are remnants in the well, and the mulberry and bamboo rot.

Ask people who get paid, this person is different. The wage earners told me that there was no death.

Abandon the city for a lifetime, really. Life seems illusory, and eventually it will be empty.

Fifth.

Alone in a sense of loss, I returned to my hometown with a staff member. The road was bumpy and in shock. The mountain stream is shallow and meets my feet.

I'm drinking my newly cooked wine, and two chickens attract the latest game. When the sun sets, the candle is lit instead.

The height is high and the height is short, and the east is getting white.

Poetry appreciation

[Edit this paragraph]

The five poems of Returning to the Garden are an inseparable organic whole. This is not only because these five poems describe the poet's rich and fulfilling seclusion life from the aspects of resignation, gathering with relatives and friends, enjoying farming, visiting friends and drinking at night, but more importantly, as far as the feelings expressed are concerned, they run through this group of poems with nature and interest. Although there is emotional turmoil in the poem,

Some commentators are happy to praise the "non-adhesion" in Yuan Ming's chest. In fact, "adhesion" still exists. That is to say, in Gui Ci written by Yuan Ming when he resigned, there is also a sentence of "Xi is alone and melancholy". In other words, he always has a melancholy feeling in his heart. A truly pure soul will never be born.

Just as a person doesn't want to touch the hidden pain in his heart, the poet doesn't want to mention the filthy officialdom that he has just pulled out of in Return to the Garden House. It's a pity to fall into the dust net by mistake. And "going for 30 years" means that he went to Lei to study and be an official at the age of 29, and at the age of 465,438+0, he "how to go to the village for fifty dou meters".

"There are more than ten acres of square houses and eight or nine huts." Among them, there is a deep feeling in my hometown, "I love my family". "Under the shady eaves, in Luo tang qian." Under the eaves, the willow trees are swaying and the breeze is blowing everywhere, which calms the poet's anxiety. In front of me, there are countless peaches and plums, which arouse the poet's inner joy. Vaguely heard dogs barking and chickens crowing. In front of me, a lot of case files disappeared, replaced by beloved "Qing Qin" and "different books". Ji Kang said, "There are many things in the world, and there are a lot of accumulated cases." "The guests are full, the ears are ringing, and the dust stinks." (Breaking up with Shan Juyuan) But it makes sense. He has started a life completely arranged and dominated by himself.

After staying in a cage for a long time, I returned to nature. "Long" and "Thirty Years" set each other off, "Fan Cage" and "Dust Net" set each other off, and "Sex" set each other off, and the word "return" points out the pleasure of "returning to the soul". Yes, officialdom has eroded my half life and defiled my own half life.

"There are few people in the wild and few wheels in the poor lanes." I think these two sentences should be interpreted in reverse: "I came to the wild for rare people, and I lived in a remote alley to avoid social intercourse." It should be noted that this is not an objective narrative, but a subjective choice. The poet retired from officialdom to "wild" and from "wild" to "poor alley". I'm afraid to break up with my friends, and I'm afraid to abandon my common concerns. Is the poet too lonely, even a little unreasonable? No, it seems that the poet is deliberately trying to eliminate people's illusions and open his own life and spiritual world for us:

"When I was in the market, I was busy dealing with people." Although he doesn't have "three roads", he has frequent contact with people in the same industry. "When I met him, I knew Summer." They have a favorite topic.

Life in the countryside is simple and even poor, quiet and even lonely. However, it is this environment that enables people to acquire the same language and cultivate a simple and sincere feeling. "Simple-minded people are happy in the morning and evening." ("Migration") The poet does not hesitate to live in poverty, and his children are "young and hungry" ("Yan Zi et al.").

A new life begins with the shame of being trapped in an official position. Perhaps it is because of the bondage of official positions and the decline of physical fitness. Perhaps because of the long-term separation from the countryside, agronomy is a bit sparse. "More grass and less beans" and poor planting. What is revealed here is a sense of shame and self-encouragement. "The morning light is bright, and the moon goes home." Just from the time, I can see the poet's great determination. My heart is relieved, and I see that I am still the person who "naturally loves autumn mountains" or the person who is willing to be a farmer and can also be a farmer. He came home at night, proud, and looked up. The bright moon was hanging in the sky, and the poet looked like a victorious soldier. There is hard work, but it is this hard work that has greatly satisfied him.

The fourth poem and the fifth poem are actually two parts of a poem. The poet visited an old friend with a sense of satisfaction and even a little ostentation. His son and nephews kept pace with each other, kept laughing, found their way in hazelnuts and strode forward. He wants to recall the past with his old friends, talk to them about his worries and have a few drinks with them ... However, what he sees in front of him is a "well stove"

Therefore, the fifth poem, "I am disappointed and resentful, and I still have sons and nephews to follow, but the poet is unwilling to say more, just like a lonely goose," wandering alone "; Rugged calendar hazel song ",a shrub on the path tugged at his clothes. What does the poet "regret"? He was disappointed by the inevitable illusion of life and angry at his ignorance. If he left the officialdom early and spent more time with his old friends, it would actually delay the arrival of this tragedy to the maximum extent.

So, how did the poet get rid of this disappointment?

-"The mountain stream is shallow, and when we meet, we feel my feet."

Perhaps because of the grief of visiting relatives and friends, perhaps because of the fatigue of the journey, the poet sat down to take a nap by the stream, which was clear and unobstructed; Soaking in the water, suddenly, a cool feeling flowed all over his body, which also made him wake up from his complicated thoughts. He seems to have returned to reality from a sad dream. Did I come back or not? "If you recognize the past, you can pursue it." Life is short, but I have few precious days left. I didn't.

From the perspective of "let me drink my newly cooked wine, only one chicken will attract the nearest office", the poet has obviously erased the unpleasant cloud hanging over his heart. The word "newly boiled wine" means that there is no extra money at home, and it also points out the poet's urgent mood of "binge drinking" at the moment. This can't help but remind me of the poet's interesting answer in the article "The Biography of Meng Yi, the General of the Western Expedition in Jin Dynasty".

"Asked jun (Meng Jia),' What's good about wine? It's what you love'. Jun smiled and replied,' Gong Ming can't be interested in wine.' "

If we ask Yuan Ming "What's good about wine? You love it", he will definitely answer us "But wine is boring". Yes, this "Fun in Wine" is too rich and mysterious: it eliminates the fatigue of the poet for a day; It relieves the grief of visiting friends; It makes poets feel the real interest of life; Make the poet optimistic again and become philosophical; It also deepened the understanding and feelings of the poet's neighboring songs. At dusk, the poet lit firewood at will and learned "candlelight night outing". The atmosphere of fireworks in the room not only didn't make people feel shabby, but added a warm and cordial atmosphere. What kind of life is like worrying, what kind of old age is sighing, all of which are quietly dissolved in the understanding of the true meaning of life in an instant.

"Happiness comes with suffering, and the evening is short, and it has returned to the sky." A new day has begun, and the new life that has just begun is not as bright as the rising sun. These two sentences are the crowning touch of the whole poem, the main melody of the movement and the strongest sound of life.

Looking through five songs, the officialdom is filthy and finally compensated; Living in poverty, but having the affection of relatives and friends; Farming is hard and the mind is satisfied; Life is short, but it is a profound understanding of the true meaning of life. It is really "what is humble existence". In this way, the poet included the whole seclusion life, no, the whole joy of life, in his muddled Wang Yang poems. This is a high degree of generalization and profound enlightenment. It is in this sense that it is completely opposite to the filthy reality that Returning to the Garden has reached a perfect and harmonious artistic conception and opened up a new field.

The poet's life is not smooth sailing, and his heart is not a quiet world where all contradictions have been eliminated. The value of the poet lies in that in the ideal pastoral world opposite to the aristocratic society, he finally found the dignity of his own personality, the affection of his friends, the interpersonal relationship without the disparity between the rich and the poor, the intrigue and the conflicting ideals of life. This is the concentrated expression of Tao's ideological significance, and it is also the ideological significance.

What he described were ordinary scenes, such as thatched cottages, elm willows, peaches and plums, Yuan Ye in Nanshan, barking dogs and crowing chickens. These may be difficult to attract elegant literati, but the poet found the beauty of simplicity, harmony and natural interest.

He expressed his true feelings. He didn't appreciate it with the short-lived feeling of seeking difference and changing his mind, but observed and praised it with a local thought. So his feelings are persistent, vigorous, broad and focused. Everything around him is a silent partner in his life, which opens the sound of * * * in his heart.

He explained the truth. What he understands is what he put into practice. Honest and frank people are not alone. He is easy-going and unsophisticated. He never shows off and doesn't need to hide. He didn't want to be lofty when he resigned, so it was difficult to have sex. I am willing to work hard to make my heart "willing"; Avoid making friends just to abandon the "dust of dreams"; Feel sad about life, because he misses this short and full life. "Writing an article to entertain yourself shows your ambition." I wrote my heart, and that's enough.

He chose the word "Yi".

"There are more than ten acres of square houses and eight or nine thatched houses." Once boring numbers are put into poetry, they are endowed with infinite vitality. Generally speaking, counting is not the habit of villagers. In particular, it shows the relaxed mood of the poet after he resigned.

"Away from the village, there is smoke in the Yiyi market." Away from the village, the poet stood staring for a long time, but did not see his psychological closeness. The smoke curled up and the sky was boundless, which complemented the poet's spacious mood after his great liberation. Wang Wei also appreciates this artistic conception. The poem "A Message from Wangchuan Bieye" says: "The sunset lingers at the ferry, and night smoke wafts from the house." It's a pity that deliberate observation is not as good as round and unintentional feeling.

"The mountains and rivers are shallow, and you will feel enough when you meet them." Because of the scenery, the meaning of the word changes with the change of the word, which secretly conveys the subtle changes of my mood. A master carries a catty, but he doesn't see the axe marks, which is worthy of the reputation of "flowing clouds and flowing water".

"When I was drinking the newly cooked wine, a chicken approached me." What a vivid gesture! If you don't leave home, the partition will shout, but you won't be surprised to know the neighboring songs. In contrast, it is complicated to think of "prepare chicken rice for me, old friend, you entertain me on your farm" (Meng Haoran's Passing through the Old Village).

He's like:

How clever and appropriate is the metaphor of "birds love the old forest, but pond fish miss the old source".

If we say "the days in Sang Ma are long, the days in our country are wide. I am always afraid that first frost will come, just like grass "; "Nanshan foot beans, grass full of bean sprouts. It's ridiculous in the morning, and the lotus takes it home. " The sentence "Life is illusory, but in the end there is nothing" has a natural charm, just like a proverb, almost the same as spoken English.

Liu Xie's "Wen Xin Diao Long Lian Zi" said: "Since the Jin Dynasty, it is difficult for people to learn to use simple words." However, those who really practice Ziyi and reach this level are profound and clear!

Constant scenery, true feelings, wisdom and easy words are Yuan Ming's artistic interests, which is an artistic portrayal of Yuan Ming's life.

Another: (1) The poem begins by saying that when I was young, I didn't adapt to the secular character, but I naturally loved natural scenery. "Falling into the dust net by mistake" means a lot of regret. Comparing "dust net" with officialdom shows the poet's contempt and disgust for dirty officialdom.

"Caged birds" and "pond fish" are both animals that have lost their freedom. Tao Yuanming used his own metaphor to show that he missed the beautiful nature like a bird loves to return to the forest and a fish misses his hometown. Returning to nature means regaining his freedom. So how do you make a living? "Southern Land Reclamation" can make up for the previous mistakes and can "return to the garden".

Next, it describes the quiet and natural pastoral scenery. Although Tao Yuanming lived at the foot of Lushan Mountain since childhood and was very familiar with the mountains and rivers here, this time he broke free from the shackles of officialdom and returned to the free world forever from the cage dust net, so he had a special joy and freshness. Looking back and looking forward, he looked at the square houses, grass houses, elm willows, peaches and plums, villages, kitchen smoke, and even the barking of dogs and the crowing of chickens in deep alleys, all of which constituted the true interest in the poet's chest.

"Warm", vague vision; "yiyi", light smoke curled up. In this diluted silence, coupled with a few crows, more and more shows the tranquility and leisure of rural life.

At the end of the four sentences, the mind is written by the scenery, and "virtual room" corresponds to "home", which refers to both the leisurely and quiet room and the poet's carefree state of mind. At the end of the poem, the two sentences "I have been locked in a cage for a long time, but I have returned to nature" echo the beginning of the poem. The personality shown here is neither a villa hermit nor a field farmer. The retired scholar-officials have a superior material life, while the farmers in weeding fields lack the spiritual life of Tao Yuanming, so Tao Yuanming is a poet and philosopher who can really appreciate the interest of nature and gain peace of mind from hard work.

"Returning to nature" is the central theme of this poem. It is the poet's life ideal and the main theme of this group of pastoral poems.

Main idea

This poem vividly describes the poet's life and feelings after retirement, and expresses the author's happy mood and rural fun after his resignation, thus showing his love for rural life. At the same time, it implies a sense of disgust at the dark and corrupt life of officialdom.