Simple word games, very simple,

How to teach first-grade children to read and write?

Literacy and writing are the focus of Chinese teaching in the lower grades (grade one or two) of primary schools. Throughout the next level, children should master 1800 words (first 400 words, second 550 words, second 450 words, second 400 words) and write 1000 words (first 65438 words, second 250 words, second 300 words).

With such a large amount of literacy and writing, the task is quite arduous for children aged six or seven. Because there are many homophones, variants and polyphones in Chinese characters, it is even more difficult for children to distinguish them accurately.

Then how can we teach and guide children to remember accurately?

I. Literacy

1. Correct pronunciation. There is no doubt that accurate pronunciation is the premise of accurate memory of Chinese characters. In the process of literacy, we should pay special attention to the pronunciation that the whole syllable can't be spelled. For example, the pronunciation of "circle" is the whole recognized syllable, and some children will forget and spell it, which is wrong. There are also flat tongue sounds, sticky tongue sounds, anterior nasal sounds and posterior nasal sounds to be read accurately. This is a pronunciation defect of us southerners, so we should pay special attention to remind our children.

2. Identify fonts. After reading the correct pronunciation, let the children say which parts the word is made of and how it is formed. If "Guo" is a semi-closed structure, "Cun" is added with "Bi". If it is a single word, it can be said that it is composed of strokes. Monographs need to pay attention to the order of strokes. For example, "Xiao", students should be able to say the order of strokes: vertical hook, dot and dot. Another example is the stroke order of "wood": horizontal, vertical, left and right. Correct stroke order helps children to write accurately in the future, improve writing speed and make words more beautiful. Every word has the order of strokes when the child first comes into contact with it, and also in the writing form after Chinese class.

3. Try to understand the meaning of words. Some teachers may think it is difficult for children to understand the meaning of words. And our Chinese characters, when formed, are the organic combination of sound, form and meaning. If we ignore the understanding of the meaning of Chinese characters, the phenomenon of students misspelling and other words will give us a splitting headache in the future. For example, "wood" is a hieroglyphic, which means branches horizontally, trunks vertically and roots vertically, meaning trees and wood. After children understand it, they will form words: wood, tree, wood, wooden boat, carpenter, wooden horse, puppet, fungus and so on. There is also a homonym "Mu" in the same class. This "eye" means eyes. The outer box is like the upper and lower eyelids, and the two horizontal lines inside are the eyes. Can form the following words that children can understand: eyes, eyes and ears, eyes, eyes, eyes, eyes, eyes, white eyes, etc.

4. Identification and application. After understanding the meaning of Chinese characters, you can write some words that children are easily confused at ordinary times, so that children can distinguish them. For example, "Mu" and "Mu" in the above example, children can choose to fill in:

Mumu

Ears (wood) Ears (eyes)

After the children are selected, let them talk about why they should fill in this way to help them further understand the meaning of the words.

It can also be used in life situations. For example, on the way to and from school, look for the Chinese characters learned today on shop signs and advertisements, so that children can feel the joy of literacy and experience the fruits of literacy.

Second, write

If our teacher pays attention to cultivating children's ability to feel, comprehend and express the beauty of Chinese characters from the initial stage of writing, then children's handwriting will get better and better. On the contrary, if we think that children are still young, it doesn't matter, and it's too late to practice when they grow up, it's wrong. Once a person has formed a habit, it is difficult to change it. For writing, we should pay attention to these aspects:

1. Develop a correct writing posture. Correct writing posture is the premise of writing well and quickly. I have always emphasized the cultivation of correct writing posture, and every time I write, I have to be verbose: the writing posture is "people sit up straight, their backs are straight, and their feet are static"; Writing posture "one punch, one inch and one foot"; The pen holding posture is "pinch, top and lean". The purpose is to let children develop the habit of "writing is practicing calligraphy".

2. Pay attention to the changes of strokes and write strokes. The beauty of Chinese characters is largely due to the changes of strokes and strokes. For example, horizontal, there are long horizontal and short horizontal, vertical with hanging needles and dew, and there are many skimming: flat skimming, vertical skimming, short skimming, long skimming and so on. When writing, discretion is very important. Beginners may not be able to show it for a while, but it doesn't mean that we can ignore it and let them write casually like matchsticks. Instead, it is necessary to establish standards for the beauty of Chinese characters in children's minds and encourage children to try their best to show them.

3. Carefully observe the structure of the font frame and arrange the position of each stroke. If the strokes are in the shape of Chinese characters, then the fracture and connection between Chinese strokes is the charm of Chinese characters. Some children's single strokes look good, but they are tasteless when put together because the positional relationship between strokes is not good enough. First-grade children can use Tian Zige and Tian Zige to help them understand the stroke relationship of Chinese characters, so as to write them well.

4. Compare the comments, one is better than the other. Some teachers think that writing more can help children remember words more firmly and write better. Actually, this is a misunderstanding. As long as the children write attentively, the writing exercises in the vocabulary behind the text and the exercises in the classroom exercise book can be written at most. The key is that children should develop the writing habit of "not seeking fast, but seeking good". Write a good one, compare yourself with the model essay in the book, what are the advantages and disadvantages, and then write the second one. Partners can also evaluate each other, which is well written, which is good, which is not enough, and why. In fact, the process of evaluation is a process of self-reflection. When children see their own shortcomings and excellent places, then there is a direction for improvement or development, and writing good words is no longer empty talk.