Causes and countermeasures of female hematuria

? Urination is a normal physiological phenomenon for everyone every day, but once hematuria occurs, it should be paid enough attention. Here I will tell you the causes and countermeasures of female hematuria.

First, the causes of female hematuria:

1, urinary tract infection: hematuria with frequent urination, urgency, dysuria, etc.

2, nephritis: hematuria with edema, fever, proteinuria, hypertension and so on.

3, urinary calculi: hematuria with severe pain in the waist and abdomen. Although some stones can't pass, hematuria often occurs after fatigue or exercise.

4, tumor: If there is no hematuria symptoms, the first thing that comes to mind is the tumor.

5, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: no obvious symptoms, hematuria only appears after sleep.

6, blood disease: hematuria with systemic skin and pores bleeding, sometimes accompanied by fever.

Second, the countermeasures of female hematuria:

1, determine true hematuria or false hematuria.

Sometimes hematuria seen by the naked eye is not real hematuria, so we must first judge whether it is true or not. First of all, hematuria should be distinguished from hematuria caused by menstruation, uterine and vaginal bleeding or hemorrhoid bleeding. Second, the difference between hematuria and hemoglobinuria: Methods: Visual inspection, microscopic examination and benzidine test were positive. Third, hematuria is different from henoch-schonlein purpura: when pyrrole metabolism disorder causes hemocyania or lead poisoning, it can produce a large number of purpura, causing henoch-schonlein purpura. At this time, relevant tests should be carried out, benzidine test is negative and urine viologen test is positive. Fourthly, hematuria is different from red urine caused by some drugs and dye reagents, such as aminopyrine, Shandaonian, rhubarb, Congo red and phenol red. Check that there are no red blood cells in the urine, and the negative benzidine test is the drug action.

2, determine the bleeding site, determine the nature of the lesion.

(1) According to the relationship between hematuria and urination.

? If it is hematuria, it may be caused by urethral lesions, such as urethral injury, tumor, caruncle, prostatitis and so on. If it is terminal hematuria, it may be bladder neck, triangle, posterior urethral disease, cystitis, bladder tumor, calculus, prostate disease and so on.

If you have hematuria all the time, it may be an upper urinary tract disease.

(2) The bleeding site is different and the condition is different.

1, characteristics of hematuria caused by kidney diseases

(1) Hematuria is full and uniform, and its color is often dark brown;

(2) It is often accompanied by dull pain or colic in the renal area;

(3) The blood clot is strip-shaped, and sometimes red blood cell casts or other casts can be seen;

(4) No urinary tract irritation and dysuria.

2. The characteristics of hematuria caused by bladder or bladder neck lesions.

(1) is often accompanied by micturition discomfort, but tumor bleeding is not necessarily accompanied by micturition discomfort;

(2) Hematuria is bright in color, which may be end-stage hematuria with irregular blood clots.

3, the characteristics of hematuria caused by prostate and urethral lesions.

(1) Hematuria is bright red, prostatic and posterior urethral hemorrhage is end-stage hematuria, and anterior urethral hemorrhage may be urethral descent or initial hematuria;

(2) Urgency, frequent urination, dysuria and dysuria are common symptoms.

(3) Judging the condition by combining the symptoms associated with hematuria and the age of onset.

1, hematuria with symptoms are:

(1) pain; (2) Bladder irritation symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency and dysuria; (3) edema and hypertension; (4) renal mass; (5) Patients with genital tuberculosis; (6) accompanied by bleeding in other parts of the body; (7) Patients with chyluria

2. Age of onset of hematuria

(1) Hematuria in childhood is more common in acute nephritis and bladder stones.

(2) Adolescents or middle-aged people with hematuria should consider urinary tract infection, tuberculosis, stones or nephritis.

(3) Tumors should be considered in painless hematuria over 40 years old.

(four) suspected hematuria to do the following special medical examination:

1, urine bacteriological examination; 2.b-ultrasound examination; 3. X-ray examination of urinary system; 4. Cystoscopy; 5. CT and MRI6. Angiography