The origin, development and present situation of Sanda.

Sanda, also known as Sanshou, has many names in China, such as wrestling, unarmed, white palm, chopping, martial arts and so on. Because all kinds of confrontations are conducted in the form of challenge, it is also called "gallants" among the people in China. However, there are essential differences between the present Sanda and the traditional Sanda.

Nowadays, Sanda is a modern sports competition in which two people fight with their bare hands according to certain rules by using the methods of kicking, hitting, wrestling and defense in Wushu. It is an important part of China Wushu. China Wushu has two forms of expression, one is routine exercise, and the other is fighting confrontation. Sanda is a form of fighting confrontation.

Development of Sanda

In recent years, the international unarmed combat has developed rapidly, showing a colorful and prosperous trend. Especially the free fighting in Europe and America, Thai Muay Thai and Japan's K- 1 are all popular all over the world because of their frequent events, powerful blows and shocking publicity effects. China Wushu Sanda is also in full swing, just like international fighting. Whether it is the domestic "Sanda King Championship", China Sanda against American professional boxing, Thai professional Muay Thai, or Sanda against French free fighting and Japanese karate, there are frequent Chinese and foreign martial arts competitions and good news, which is really dazzling. However, calmly analyzing the present situation of China Wushu Sanda, we find that there are many shortcomings that need to be improved and perfected.

First, a review of China Sanda

Wushu is a unique traditional sport in China with a long history, rich connotation and high social value. Sanda is a part of China Wushu. It is a competitive sport that refines the most direct and simple moves in Wushu, with the aim of quickly knocking down or knocking down opponents. 1978, the state officially launched the pilot work of Wushu Sanda. 65438-0979 The former State Sports Commission decided to carry out the pilot work of Wushu Sanda in Zhejiang, Beijing Institute of Physical Education and Wuhan Institute of Physical Education. 1982, the first draft of the National Wushu Sanda Competition Rules confirmed that the National Wushu Antagonistic Invitational Tournament was held in Beijing. From 65438 to 0989, Sanda was officially listed as a national official competition. 199 1 year, Sanda became a world championship event. Up to now, six world championships have been held and the first Sanda World Cup has been held. 1998, Sanda was listed as 12 Asian Games. During the period of 1999, Sanda developed in an all-round way. According to the new rules, all the protective gear except the crotch guard and gloves should be removed, which greatly enhanced the appreciation and intensity of the competition and laid the foundation for Sanda to enter the market. In recent years, under the guidance of the new rules, domestic and international competitions are frequent. Whether it is the domestic "Sanda King" or fighting against American professional boxing and Thai professional Muay Thai, it has entered a benign development and gradually entered the right track.

1998, China Sanda played against European United and won 9-0; Accept the challenge of American free fighting and win 8-0 1; Won all five gold medals in Wushu Sanda in Bangkok Asian Games.

1999, China Sanda beat the United States freely, winning 7-2; China Kung Fu beat American professional boxing 7-2.

In 2000, China Sanda defeated American professional boxing 6-3.

200 1, China Sanda vs French Freedom, 2 to 654 38+0; 3- 1 Defeat Korean Taekwondo; 4-0 victory over American Sanda.

From 20065438+0 to 2002, China Sanda and Muay Thai had three contests. In the "Guangzhou Station", China Sanda team won by 5-2 points. At "Bangkok Station", China Sanda was defeated by 1 4; China Sanda won 7-2 in the third "Guangzhou Station" World War I.

If we only look at the superficial phenomenon, China Wushu Sanda seems to have made brilliant achievements. However, objectively and calmly analyzing the opponent's reality and the performance of China players at the competition site, the author thinks that China Sanda is still immature, and there is still a long way to go, which needs continuous exploration and improvement.

First of all, our foreign opponents are not the first-class players in foreign fighting venues. Take China Sanda against American professional boxing as an example. In several confrontations between China and the United States, the United States has sent second-rate and third-rate players, and those big-name stars, such as Tai Sen and holyfield, will never come to the war. And the players we send are basically the top first-team players in China. It seems impossible to win with top players against foreign second-and third-rate players. If you are complacent, you can really sit back and watch.

And even if foreign countries send first-class players to participate in the competition, it is difficult for Sanda to win the championship, or it is disgraceful for us to win the championship. Take Sanda against Muay Thai as an example. The first round of "Guangzhou Station" and "Bangkok Station" confrontation. As a result, the China Sanda team in Guangzhou Station won by 5-2 points, but lost in the "King of Thailand Cup" in Bangkok Station by 1-4. I counted the technical application and scoring points of both sides in the two races. According to the total score statistics of the two races 12, China scored 562 points and Thailand scored 426 points. When the total score is higher than the opponent's 136, the total score is 6-6, 4 people are KO by Thailand, and our KO opponent is 0. Now the second round of competition has ended, Sanda is leading 7-2 temporarily, and the "Bangkok Station" competition is about to begin. It can be seen that Sanda's victory over Muay Thai was won by virtue of the rules conducive to Sanda's scoring, which is clear from the performance of both players at the competition site. During the competition, Thailand frequently lashed out at Sanda players with heavy legs, feet and knees. Sanda athletes can only hug their opponents at close range frequently and fight back with throwing and straight legs. Therefore, Sanda players are often chased and beaten by their opponents at the competition site, and there are also many scenes of being beaten by KO. Therefore, in the Sino-Thai confrontation, China Sanda won a temporary victory, but the victory lies in that the points and rules are conducive to Sanda scoring.

Present situation of Sanda

After more than 20 years of development, the technical level, physical fitness and fighting ability of Chinese Sanda athletes have been greatly improved, and a number of outstanding athletes have emerged. At the same time, coaches and referees have also been formed, which indicates that Sanda's own construction is maturing. However, influenced by traditional culture, China Wushu Sanda is more literary than foreign Wushu. Although Sanda was listed as an official event by the State Sports Commission on 1989, Chinese people seem to be more keen on Wushu routines and Wushu fitness. Ten thousand people performed Tai Ji Chuan in Tiananmen Square. Of course, this is the embodiment of the profound martial arts culture, but from the intensity of the fighting competition and the attention of the audience, it is insufficient.

Judging from the rules, China Sanda emphasizes winning by points, so it adopts the cumulative scoring system. From 2000 to 2002, the accumulated points system was adopted in the Sanda King Championship. In the competition, athletes mostly use the tactics of grabbing points and scoring, and rarely use heavy punches and heavy legs to knock down, which is related to the rule orientation of Sanda king's hegemony. Because knocking down is only one point more than falling, it is difficult to open the gap in scoring, and the attack with heavy fists and legs is easy for opponents to use flexible techniques to score points. Because the rules of Sanda don't encourage knocking down, they tend to hit and score points, so there are often attacks with small legs that don't hurt or itch. In the just-concluded 2002 Sanshou King Finals, although the champions at all levels competed for the title, which reflected the characteristics of China Wushu, there were shortcomings in terms of field effect and competition. Both champion Paliga and Xue Fengqiang, who showed great courage, took RBI as the guiding ideology, lacking threatening heavy punches and heavy leg attacks, so there was no KO scene in the whole game where the audience was hot and the players were in the true sense. This is also one of the main reasons for the small scale and influence of the "Sanshou King" finals.