Gou Jian, the King of Yue, destroyed the State of Wu, and then the State of Yue disappeared. What is the cause of wuyue's demise?

Wu Heyue was the overlord at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, but neither of them became the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period. In the early years of the Warring States, wuyue perished one after another.

If the history of the Warring States is a history of national subjugation, then the history of the Spring and Autumn Period is a history of hegemony. Since the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, history has entered the Spring and Autumn Period. Due to the weak strength of the Zhou emperor, the Zhou royal family could not control the princes and the world, so the powerful princes began to compete for the world by virtue of their strength and became the overlord (the head of the princes), representing the Zhou emperor to dominate the world.

After Qi Huangong became the first hegemon in the Spring and Autumn Period, Jin Wengong and Chu Zhuangwang also became hegemons one after another, while He Lv, the king of Wu, and Gou Jian, the king of Yue, also caught the last bus of hegemons at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period and became the most powerful vassal state at that time by virtue of their strength.

There is no eternal strong, and there is no eternal weak. Qi Jinchu is the overlord of the country and has strong strength. Their strength has been weakened by years of war. By the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, all three countries were weak, and Qin was restrained by Jin, so it could not move eastward, and it could only dominate Xirong. Then wuyue on the southeast coast began to rise.

The background of wuyue's rise is that when the traditional vassal states began to weaken, the national strength was originally a process of weighing. The first to rise was Wu, whose ancestors were Zhou's eldest son Taibo and his second son, namely his uncle Ji Chang. Taibohe came to Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and his descendants were the Wu royal family.

I. The Rise and Fall of the State of Wu The core area of the State of Wu lies in Taihu Lake in Jiangsu today. Since the dream of a long life, Wu has gradually become stronger. At that time, there was a doctor in the State of Chu named Shen Gong Chen Wu who came to the State of Jin to take refuge. Because of his enmity with Chu, he sent a mission from Jin to Wu, taught Wu the art of war and tactics, and encouraged Wu to be an enemy of Chu, but Wu was no match for Chu at this time.

During the Wu Wangliao period, Zhuan Xu, the son of the State of Wu, sent an assassin to assassinate Wu Wangliao, and then became king himself. He Lv, the king of Wu, is the son of Wu, and He Lv reused Wu Zixu, Sun Wu and Ai Bo. Wu quickly became strong and fought against Chu. He Lv, assisted by Wu Zixu and Sun Wu, created a miracle, that is, winning more with less, and entered the capital of Chu alone.

Chu is a big country, and its strength is better than that of Wu Guoqiang. However, due to the weak national strength and fierce internal struggles of Chu at that time, and the presence of famous ministers such as Wu Zixu and Sun Wu in Helv, Chu suffered great humiliation. Later, Chu borrowed soldiers from Qin and assembled domestic troops. Coupled with Yue's sneak attack, Wu Jun was forced to withdraw from Chu. This war made He Lv, the king of Wu, famous.

In addition to attacking the capital of Chu State, Wu has been attacking Yue State, but Yue State can't fight most of the time. However, in the battle of Li, Gou Jian, the king of Yue, adopted a strange tactic. He sent troops to Wu Jun and committed suicide in succession, which made Wu Jun look silly. Then the Vietnamese army took this opportunity to attack Wu Jun, and Wu Jun was defeated. The prince He Lu was seriously injured and He Lu died.

After the death of He Lv, his son Fu Cha acceded to the throne as the king of Wu. In order to get revenge, he launched a war against Yue, defeated Gou Jian, the king of Yue, and entered Huiji, the capital of Yue. Gou Jian was forced to make peace with Fu Cha and offered to be a slave in Wu. Wu Zixu urged Fu Cha not to agree. As a result, he bribed his uncle, and Fu Cha agreed to Gou Jian's peace, so that Wu lost the ruins of Yue forever.

In this way, the state of Yue remained. After Fu Cha conquered the state of Yue, he began to strive for hegemony in the Central Plains. In the battle of Yiling, Wu Jun wiped out 654.38+million of the main forces of the Qi army, which led to the collapse of Qi and seized the land of Qi and Lu. Soon after, Fu Cha joined forces with the Central Plains governors in Huangchi, acting like a hegemon.

However, Focha forgot Gou Jian. When he was in Huangchi League, Gou Jian led an army to attack Wu in the north and captured the king of Wu. A few years later, Gou Jian led an army to attack Wu, and Fu Cha committed suicide after defeat. Gou Jian wanted to exile Fu Cha, the king of Wu, but Fu Cha committed suicide, so the State of Yue annexed Wu, and Wu perished.

There are several reasons for Wu's demise:

1, belligerent.

Wu has been fighting since he became strong. First, it defeated Chu, making it impossible for Chu to advance northward for decades. Then it conquered the State of Yue, and then it began to attack the State of Qi northward, destroying the main force of the State of Qi. In these decades, Wu has been fighting foreign wars.

Because the traditional powers such as Jin, Qi and Chu will also be overdrawn and weakened by long-term war, what's more, belligerence is the first reason for the demise of Wu, a medium-sized vassal state like Wu.

2. The comprehensive national strength can't keep up.

Wu is located on the bank of Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province. Judging from the geographical position at that time, it was the edge of China. In the dream period of life, the state of Jin sent people to teach Wu the art of war and traffic jams. This shows that Wu's tactics are very backward and Wu's culture is relatively backward. They have a custom called tattooing, which is completely different from the Central Plains.

The population of the other State of Wu is obviously small, which can't compete with the foreign wars of Jin, Qi, Chu and Wu Jun. At most, it is tens of thousands. For example, when the capital of Chu was invaded, the State of Wu dispatched only 30,000 elite soldiers, which was really too little compared with the hundreds of thousands of troops used by traditional powers.

Gou Jian later attacked Wu, and Wu could not confront Yue. This also shows that Wu's national strength is too weak, unlike Chu's strategic depth and population. Even if the country is breached, it can quickly regain its strength, but Wu Can can't. Wu's defeat once led to national subjugation.

3. Be unprepared for Gou Jian, the King of Yue.

Fu Cha, the prince of Wu, didn't listen to Wu Zixu, which also showed the gap between him and his father He Lv. In terms of ability, Fu Cha was inferior to He Lv, and Fu Cha forced Wu Zixu to death. He didn't know how to choose people, and he was unprepared for Gou Jian, the king of Yue. Wu Zixu had seen that Gou Jian was different and wanted revenge in the future, but Fu wouldn't listen.

It took Gou Jian 20 years to restore his national strength and population, and then he took advantage of Fu Cha's Northern Expedition to attack Wu, and finally destroyed Wu, while Fu Cha left Gou Jian unguarded, which was an important reason for the demise of Wu.

Secondly, the rise and fall of Yue State began in Gou Jian's period, mainly because Gou Jian reused two people: Fan Li and Wen Zi, who came to Yue State for various reasons. Even Wu Zixu and Ai Bo were Chu people, which shows that the brain drain in Chu State is serious.

After Fu Cha entered the capital, Gou Jian made peace by hook or by crook in order to save Yue. Then Gou Jian is ready to take revenge with his strong determination. With the help of He, Wu gradually became stronger.

After 20 years of hard work, Gou Jian finally got the chance of revenge. Fu Cha, the king of Wu, took advantage of the opportunity of going north to the alliance, led nearly 50,000 chosen men to sneak attack on Wu, and captured him alive, but Fu Cha, who was in the alliance, could do nothing. A few years later, Gou Jian attacked Wu again, and Wu was defeated. Fu Cha committed suicide and Wu Quan was destroyed.

After the demise of Wu, Gou Jian annexed the territory of Wu and replaced the status of Wu. At that time, Yue occupied the whole Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions, including today's Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions, and Gou Jian also fought for hegemony in the north, and formed an alliance with princes in Xuzhou, realizing his dream of national hegemony, and Gou Jian became the last overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period.

After his success, Gou Jian died in the style of writing and drove Fan Li away. In Fan Li's words, Gou Jian is a man who will only suffer * * * but will not be rich. In 473 BC, Gou Jian became the hero, but 140 years later, the state of Yue also perished.

The royal family of Yue is actually descended from Yu Xia. According to historical records, Yu Xia died in Huiji, the capital of Yue State, and was also buried locally. After Xia Hou and Shao recovered, his illegitimate son was sealed in Yue State, and then he was propagated from generation to generation, that is, Yue State. After Gou Jian's death, the State of Yue died after nine generations of King Yue.

The reasons for the demise of Yue mainly include the following aspects:

1, internal struggle for power and profit leads to weakness.

The struggle for power and interests within the state of Yue began with Gou Jian's great-grandson Zhu Gou. His father was the King of Yue, who was in office for only ten years, and was murdered by his son Zhu Gou. Zhu Gou was promoted by killing his father and becoming king, which became a very bad example and ran through the later history of Yue.

During the reign of Zhu Gou, the national strength of Yue was quite strong and belligerent. He was able to compete for hegemony with Qi, Jin and Chu and other big countries, and foreign wars continued. He also annexed small countries such as Teng and Tan. After Zhu Gou's death, his son died and became king, that is, King Yue. In order to launch a foreign war, the king of Yue moved the capital to.

In the last year of the reign of the King of Yue, his younger brother made an insurrection and killed his three sons, but the King of Yue failed to stop him. The prince of Yue blamed him for launching a coup, driving away Yu and killing Yue. This is another patricide. Soon, the prince

In the end, Wu Yu became the King of Yue, but after being the King of Yue for more than ten years, he was killed by his younger brother Sisi in the Doctor Temple. This is an event in which a powerful minister killed the monarch. After that, Si Yong made the son of Wu Yu the King of Yue, but the state affairs were controlled by the powerful minister, and Wu Xiu was in power 18 years. After his death, his younger brother became the King of Yue, and Wujiang was the last King of Yue.

It can be seen that the period from Gou Jian to Zhu Gou was the most prosperous period of Yue State, and the period from Zhu Gou to Wujiang was the weak period of Yue State, and the internal power struggle was always fierce until its demise.

Because Yue is located in the southeast, its culture is relatively backward, and there is no such thing as patricide. For example, patricide in the Central Plains is regarded as a big transgression in the vassal states of the Central Plains and will be condemned by public opinion. Although this kind of thing will happen in the vassal States of the Central Plains, it is rare. 140 Historically, there have been many incidents of patricide and patricide in Yue.

2. Improper foreign strategy leads to extinction.

During the reign of King Yue without borders, he was ready to attack Qi, who sent envoys to Yue to induce Yue to attack Chu. Only when the State of Qi defeated the State of Chu could it persuade the State of Yue to seek hegemony, and said that the State of Chu needed to face the * * * attack from the State of Yue, South Korea and Wei. If the three countries unite, Chu can't win, and Chu needs to divide his forces to deal with it, so that Yue can have a chance to defeat Chu for hegemony.

Therefore, the King Wu of Yue accepted Qi's suggestion and turned to attack Chu. As a result, the State of Chu defeated the State of Yue in World War I, killed it and seized a large area of land in the State of Yue. With the death of Wu, the country began to fall apart, and various aristocratic princes began to fight for power and profit again. However, at this time, the state of Yue was in a state of no monarch, fighting independently and surrendering to Chu, and actually it was extinct.

This is a very wrong strategic choice. Yue did not correctly understand the situation at that time, wrongly overestimated its own strength and underestimated the strength of Chu. No matter how weak Chu is, its strength is several times that of Yue, but it takes the initiative to attack Chu. Isn't this self-destruction? Finally, the state of Yue also perished in the hands of boundless territory.

3. The belligerence of the State of Yue led to the overdraft of national strength.

Wu perished because of belligerence, and Yue perished because of belligerence. Wuyue is not as big as Qi Jinchu. In terms of population, city, area and economic strength, wuyue can't compare with Qi, Chu and Jin. As powerful as the state of Jin, it was split into Korea, Zhao and Wei because of years of war, but wuyue didn't have this strength.

Since the destruction of Wu by Gou Jian, the State of Yue has claimed to be the overlord, constantly expanding everywhere and hitting the east and the west. As the overlord, Yue abolished Guo Guojun, intervened in civil strife in protecting the country and Shandong, and destroyed several small countries, especially the war between Yue and Chu, which lasted for more than 100 years, and both sides won and lost.

In the end, the State of Yue was destroyed by the State of Chu, which made it difficult to maintain the war for a long time. It took Gou Jian 20 years to destroy the State of Wu, and it was almost impossible for the State of Yue to defeat the State of Chu. Finally, it became a consumption of strength. Whoever is strong in strength will win the final victory and eventually die.