Is Phoenix the God of Style?

China Phoenix, also known as Zhu Bird, Dan Bird, Flamingo, etc. Also known as flamingos and immortal birds in western mythology. The image is generally a flamingo with a long tail and a whole body on fire. It is estimated that flamingos have undergone mythical processing and evolution. According to the myth, every time a phoenix dies, it will light a fire all over its body, and then it will be reborn in the fire, gaining more vitality than before, which is called "phoenix nirvana". In this way, Phoenix won eternal life, so it is known as the "immortal bird". It is a legendary bird, one of the four spirits, and the king of birds. "The Core Monument of Great Dai Li's Life" says: "The feather worm is 360 and the phoenix is long." "Shi Mao Lu Shu Eta Ursae Majoris" says: "The dragon rides the cloud, the phoenix rides the wind, ... all the birds swallow their clothes." Together with dragons, it constitutes the dragon and phoenix culture, which is an extremely important part of China traditional culture.

Phoenix, like Kirin, is a general term for male and female. The male is a phoenix and the female is a phoenix, which is always called a phoenix. Phoenix Qi Fei is a symbol of good luck and harmony. The image of a dragon is becoming more and more complex, with a red head, a hip, a snake neck, a fish tail, a dragon pattern, a turtle body, a swallow chin and a chicken mouth. Phoenix has been an important part of China culture since ancient times.

Phoenix appearance

According to Guo Pu's note in Er Ya Shi Bird, the phoenix is characterized by "the fishtail with the head of a chicken and the jaw of a plesiosaur is five colors, and it is six feet high". "Out of the country of the oriental gentleman, flying over the four seas, crossing the Kunlun Mountains, drinking the mainstay, breaking feathers and weak water, seeing Mosufeng Cave, the world is at peace. There are five kinds of pictographs in Shan Hai Jing Tu Zan: "The first word is virtuous, the wing is smooth, the back is righteous, the abdomen is pleasing, and it is like Ren Yue. " 」

Ming Feng

According to the existing literature, Feng Ming is like a flute and his voice is like a bell and drum. Phoenix men call it Man, Fung Wong-Nui calls it Man, and men and women call it Tang Qiang.

Overview of the Origin of Phoenix

The origin of Phoenix is in the Neolithic Age. Many bird patterns on painted pottery in primitive society are the embryonic form of phoenix. About 6700 years ago, Hemudu culture in Yuyao, Zhejiang Province was unearthed, and there were two bird-carved images on the ivory bones. These bird patterns should be the earliest records of ancient phoenixes.

According to myths and legends, the phoenix evolved from the bird totem of the Yin people in the East.

The symbol of phoenix

Phoenix is an auspicious bird in people's minds and a symbol of world peace. The ancients believed that when there was peace and prosperity, there was a phoenix flying. Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Fengqi and Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Fengfeng are the same, which means that the wind and spiritual power are everywhere; Burning is the word of the emperor, which means supreme and great.

Phoenix is also a symbol of China's imperial power and is often used with dragons. Phoenix belongs to the dragon and is used for the queen's concubines. The combination of dragon and phoenix is the totem with the most China characteristics. There are a lot of similar shapes in folk art, and phoenix also represents yin. Although phoenix is divided into male and female, it is more generally considered as feminine. "Phoenix" and "Phoenix" are common in women's names.

Phoenix is considered to be the noblest bird and the king of birds (although she is fictional), and there is a saying that "a hundred birds fly at the phoenix".

According to the theory of yin-yang and five elements, the phoenix is red and the five elements belong to fire, which is the image of the southern seven-night Zhu bird. It is also one of the four gods (Li Yun, Dragon, Phoenix, Kirin and Turtle) that China people call.

In the minds of China people, "Phoenix" has been the most important auspicious and magical thing in legend since ancient times. It is said that the phoenix can be reborn in the fire, symbolizing beauty, wisdom and good luck.

● Phoenix appeared in totem very early, which is a symbol of Yin nationality. In the Book of Songs, it is said: "The mysterious bird was born by destiny." Yin Zuqi's mother, Judy, once took a bath in the river. Suddenly a mysterious bird flew by and dropped an egg, which was swallowed by Judy, so she became pregnant and gave birth to Qi. When Qi grew up, he helped Yu to control the water, was granted a commercial land, and was given a surname. From then on, there was a Shang clan, and the Yin people later took the mysterious bird as the totem of their clan. The image of a blackbird is similar to that of a swallow. Later, with the continuous development and integration of clans and tribes, blackbirds gradually evolved into a phoenix with a comb, crane feet and peacock tail.

The image of the Phoenix displayed in front of people today is the crystallization of gradual evolution over thousands of years. It highly summarizes the history of the formation, integration and development of the Chinese nation and plays an important role in shaping and cultivating national character. It itself condenses and embodies the great spirit of self-improvement and perseverance of the Chinese nation.

When Confucius, the ancestor of Confucianism, traveled south to Chu, the hermit of Chu met Confucius on the road. He once compared the unfashionable world with "Fengde", leaving a sigh of "Fengxi Fengxi, the decline of He De"; In the poems of Qu Yuan, a poet of Chu State, the phoenix, as a frequently used symbolic image, is used to refer to talented people. The mode of thinking of "competing with the phoenix" and "competing with the phoenix with talents" also reflects the Chinese nation's emphasis on and cultivation of moral integrity. Among the cultural relics unearthed in Chu State, whether it is a phoenix embroidered on silk, painted on lacquer wood or carved, its basic characteristics are pulling its neck and flying high, which embodies an upward dynamic and positive value orientation.

● There is a myth of phoenix nirvana in the west, and there is also a legend of fire phoenix in China. Both China and western myths and legends have a common feature, that is, the Phoenix symbolizes life, vitality and passion.

Fenghuang archaeology

Phoenix is a mythical bird in China, and later it became a symbol of China national spirit together with "Dragon". But its appearance has always been a mystery. In recent years, a white clay pot with the oldest phoenix pattern in China, which has a history of 7800 years, was unearthed from the Gaomiao Cultural Site in hongjiang city, Hunan Province. This discovery provided extremely precious materials for uncovering the mystery of the birth of the Phoenix, which shocked the archaeological community.

It is no accident that the oldest phoenix pattern in China was discovered in Hunan. Hunan is the hometown of rice culture in China, and the birth of Phoenix is closely related to ancient rice culture. It can be said that it is the product of rice culture. The 7,000-year-old Feng Huangwen unearthed from the Datang site in Changsha has a seedling in its mouth.

A large number of documents show that in primitive times, the rice-growing people in southern China took "bird" as their totem. This point has been recognized by the academic community. Last year, a 44-year-old Wanli map of Ming Dynasty was found in central Hunan. Five naked cabins with Thor as the head and a bird in his hand. This image of the unity of man and bird is a typical product of bird totem worship, which shows that the concept of bird totem worship was still very prominent among Hunan people 390 years ago. Birds are still carved on the wind and rain bridge in Hunan minority areas, which can be regarded as the cultural heritage of bird totem worship.

This kind of bird regarded as a totem by primitive humans was called "Danque" in ancient times, also known as "Yang Bird" and "Luan Bird", which is closely related to the origin of rice culture. Volume one of the Notes on Memories says: "When Emperor Yan (Emperor Yan) held nine ears of grain, the emperor picked it up in the field, and the eater was old and never died." The so-called "Danque", "Yang Bird" and "Luan Bird" are all prototypes of phoenix birds. "Guangya" says: "Phoenix belongs to the phoenix emperor."

Because Phoenix culture is deeply rooted in rice culture, "harmony" has become the basic feature of Phoenix image. "Shan Hai Jing Nan Shan Jing" says: "It's a bird, eating naturally, singing and dancing, and the world is peaceful when you see it." Therefore, since ancient times, Phoenix has represented beauty, harmony and auspiciousness among the people.

The image of "Phoenix" itself is the product of the concept of harmony. On the one hand, it is the unity of opposites of "two in one", in which the male is a phoenix and the female is a phoenix, indicating harmony, harmony and auspiciousness of Yin and Yang; On the other hand, it is multi-element, multi-combination, based on bird totem, which combines the characteristics of natural objects worshipped by many different clans in primitive times and the beauty of Dacheng. For example, Shuowen describes the diverse and harmonious characteristics of the phoenix image: "The phoenix image is also rainbow, the stork spends its honeymoon cheeks, the turtle has a long back, and the swallow pecks at the chicken."

In China culture, the image of Phoenix not only represents the harmony of natural things, but also represents the harmony of human society. Phoenix's "five colors" were later regarded as the symbol of "morality, righteousness, courtesy, benevolence and faith" to maintain the harmony and stability of ancient society. For example, "Shan Hai Jing Nan Shan Jing" said: "(Phoenix) has a literary talent, wing literary talent, back literary talent, imitation literary talent, belly literary talent." "Shan Hai Jing Hai Nei Jing" also said: "A phoenix sings and a phoenix dances. Phoenix Bird's Head is graceful and graceful in literature and art, graceful and graceful in wing literature and art, and full of literary meaning. "

In ancient times, the phoenix was also used to refer to people with high moral character. Confucius, a great sage who advocated "harmony is precious", was the first person to be honored as "Phoenix" in the history of China. Laozi, an ancient thinker, once compared Phoenix to Confucius. According to Zhuangzi, "I saw Confucius following five disciples and asked,' Who was it before?' Yes:' Luz is very brave. Secondly, Zi Gong was wise, Ceng Zi was filial, Yan Hui was kind, and Zhang Zi was martial. "I sighed:' I heard that there is a bird in the south, which is called Phoenix ...' The phoenix bird, wearing a sacred baby, is right and wise. It can be said that the harmonious concept of Phoenix culture covers all aspects of nature and society. This "harmonious" feature of phoenix image is often used in idioms about phoenix. For example:

1, "Harmony between husband and wife". "Husband and wife sing together" not only means that the phoenix in nature sings with the phoenix, and its voice is pleasant; It is also often used to express the harmony between husband and wife.

2. "A hundred birds fly at the phoenix". "A hundred birds fly at the phoenix" not only symbolizes the harmonious order of nature; In ancient times, it also meant that the monarch was sacred and wise, and the world was attached to him. This also means that respected people are expected to return, symbolizing the harmony of the whole society.

3. "Feng Dan Chaoyang". Feng Dan Chaoyang not only vividly reflects the harmonious relationship between sunny birds and the sun in the primitive agricultural era; In ancient times, it was also used to express the harmonious state between monarch and minister. For example, Wang Shizhen's "Feng Mingchuan" says: "Before and after, eight minds are United, and the phoenix in the sunrise resonates."

The ancient rice culture in Huxiang gave birth to a perfect symbol of a harmonious culture like China people, which is the third harmonious charm of Huxiang culture.

Chu culture totem

Chu people's respect for the phoenix stems from their primitive belief that their distant ancestors worshipped the sun and respected the phoenix. It has a history of more than 7000 years. Zhu Rong, the ancestor of Chu people, was Vulcan and Thor. White Tiger Tong in the Han Dynasty said that Zhu Rong was "a bird and he was a phoenix." "Birds in the Yajiang River" Note: "Phoenix is also". It can be seen that Zhu Rong is also the embodiment of Phoenix. There are a large number of patterns of heads, snakes and birds in Chu cultural relics, which shows that the ancestors of Chu experienced bird worship in the image of human heart, thus opening the cultural origin of "dragon and phoenix become auspicious" in China legendary culture. Judging from the prominent characteristics of totem worship in the clan system, Feng is the ancestor of Chu people, and it is inevitable that he will be worshipped and respected by Chu people as a totem of his clan.

Phoenix is not only a divine bird, but also a symbol of Chu nationality and dignity. The influence of Chu people's worship of phoenix has penetrated into all fields. For example, among the cultural relics of Chu State, there are countless images of phoenix, Xiu Xiang and statues, and the embroidery patterns on Chu people's clothes also take phoenix as the main content. In addition, there are "phoenix-bird series", "tiger stands phoenix drum" and "phoenix, dragon and tiger embroidered Luo Zen clothes". The phoenix-patterned paintings in Chu are varied and strange.

Phoenix huayun

In ancient times, the phoenix was a symbol of dignity, loftiness and virtue, which contained beautiful but different secular significance. Out of yearning for and pursuit of beautiful things, people named some mountains and cities "Phoenix".

According to relevant information, there are 42 mountains called Phoenix Mountain in Chinese mainland today. The origin of their names, or because they look like big birds taking off and crouching; Or named after ancient myths and folklore. This kind of name repetition is rare, which can be described as "Kyushu has many phoenixes". These Phoenix Mountains are distributed in nearly 20 provinces and all over the country:

Chaoyang City and Fengcheng Manchu Autonomous County, Liaoning Province

Hangzhou City, Ruian County, Zhejiang Province

Hengdong County, Fenghuang County, Qiyang County and Pingjiang County, Hunan Province

Yan 'an County, Tongguan County and Ankang County, Shaanxi Province

Chaozhou City and Zengcheng City in Guangdong Province

Four counties and cities of Nandan Tiane, Hechi and Yishan in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Pengshui Tujia and Miao Autonomous County and Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County in Chongqing

Chengdu, Xichong County and Dazhou in Sichuan Province

Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County and Tangshan County, Hebei Province

Jingshan county, Jiayu County, Daye County and Xuanhua City, Hubei Province

Songjiang District, Shanghai

Wujin County and Jiangning County, Jiangsu Province

Shaxian County, Fujian Province

Xinye County, Henan Province

Lanping Bai Pumi Autonomous County, Yunnan Province

Fengyang County, Anhui Province

Luobei County, Heilongjiang Province

Fengcheng City, xiushui county City and Yushan County, Jiangxi Province

Fenggang County, Guizhou Province

Longde County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, etc.

The Cultural Orientation of Phoenix

China people's auspicious concept has a long history, which expresses people's emotional desire for happiness and harmony. The people of China endowed the mascot with moral and aesthetic significance, and after artistic processing, it was deeply branded with national culture. Specifically, China's worship culture has the greatest influence on Linglong, Phoenix, Turtle and Forest. Phoenix is a magical animal, the king of birds in China myths and legends, which can be regenerated in fire. Together with dragons, it constitutes the dragon and phoenix culture. Just as the dragon is the symbol of feudal emperors, the Phoenix has become the Fu Rui of empresses. The image of Phoenix widely appears in China culture. After artistic processing, Phoenix contains many romantic colors. Phoenix is one of the four great beasts in ancient China, which has an irreplaceable influence in the cultural history of China.

The prototype of phoenix

The zoological prototype of Phoenix has different opinions and is generally regarded as a mixture. According to the evidence and arguments listed in China and China scholar He Xin 1987 and the book Talking about Dragons and Wind published in 2004, it is shown that the prototype animals of dragons are large reptiles, mainly crocodiles and monitor lizards, and the prototype animals of phoenixes are large birds, mainly ostriches. Three generations ago, the climate in China was warm and humid, and both of these animals existed in Chinese mainland. Fossils of crocodile and ostrich eggshells were found in Paleolithic and Neolithic sites.

Phoenix allusions

1. Wu Tong Qifeng

Wu Tong is the king of trees. It is said that it is a spiritual tree. It can know when to build it. "Lu Wenjian": "A hundred birds in the phoenix tree dare not perch, but only avoid the phoenix". Phoenix, as the king of birds, breeds the universe. It is not a phoenix tree. "Shu Wei Wang Xie Chuan" "Phoenix is not a phoenix tree", the phoenix chooses wood to live in, and later it is compared to the sage choosing the Lord and leaning; Phoenix's gentlemanly demeanor can also be found in Jiang Ziya and Zhuge Liang. Before meeting the "buttonwood tree", they would rather be ordinary fishermen and cultivators.

2. Get the image of Phoenix

Legend has it that the phoenix will be reborn after death. Legend has it that it can know the rise and fall of chaos in the world. It is the best embodiment of Wang Dao's benevolent government in the history of our country, a barometer of the rise and fall of troubled times and an "image ambassador" of theological politics. The ancients were divided into five grades, and the five movements of Phoenix marked the degree of political clarity. Therefore, the emperors of all dynasties regarded "Feng Ming Chaoyang" and "Birds at the Phoenix" as symbols of prosperity and peace. Southern Qi Xie Zhao's Ten Poems of Yongming Music: "Colorful Feng Ming Chaoyang, Yuanhe Dance Shang Qing; Rui Yongming has been the emperor for thousands of years. "

3. Feng Qiuhuang

When Sima Xiangru, a lyricist in the Western Han Dynasty, was down and out, he went to Lin Qiong, Sichuan to visit his friend Wang Ji, the county magistrate. Sometimes, Zhuo Wenjun, the daughter of the local richest man, Zhuo Wangsun, becomes a widow. Sima played the piano music "Phoenix Begging for Phoenix" in public at Zhuo Wang Sun's banquet to provoke Wen Jun. Zhuo Wenjun peeped out from the window of the banquet hall and saw that he was handsome and talented, so he eloped with him that night. Later, it refers to the love between men and women, and men pursue women, which also symbolizes the yearning and praise for a happy marriage.

4. Feng Haichao

In Feng Haichao, Cheng Pu, assistant minister of the Ministry of War, retired in his later years and returned to his hometown. Xueyan, Mrs Yuan Pei's daughter, is very ugly. My concubine gave birth to a daughter named Xue E, who is beautiful and smart. Cheng Pu fell in love with the handsome young Mu Juyi and wanted to marry Xue E, but his wife had to marry her daughter Xue Yan. On Cheng Shousheng's birthday, Mu Juyi came to offer condolences and was locked up in the library. In the middle of the night, Xueyan went to the library in the name of Ye Xue. Mu Juyi saw that she was ugly and misbehaved. She mistakenly thought that she had been cheated and left angrily overnight.

Cheng Pu was employed by the imperial court and left home for his post. The royal family coveted Xue E for a long time and took the opportunity to come to the Cheng family to marry him in the name of Muju. His wife secretly married Xueyan with a switch. The truth came out in the bridal chamber night, and they were like dumb people eating coptis chinensis-life was hard. Cheng Puping decided to be a thief and take Xue E to join the army, and Mu Juyi joined the army here. Cheng Pu brought up marriage again. Mu remembered the past and resolutely refused to marry, but was forced to marry by the marshal and the prison army. In the bridal chamber, Mu was amazed at Xue E's beauty, made amends again and again, and cleared up the misunderstanding. The play is a comedy with a series of interesting plots due to misunderstanding and "mistakes in the middle". In the plot structure, the techniques of "keeping the buckle" and "shaking the bag" are quite successful. In the scene of "study", Xueyan braved the name of Xue E to pester Mu Juyi late at night, and Mu decided that Xue E was an ugly girl, which laid the groundwork for "leaving a button". In the "bridal chamber" scene, the bride is obviously a beautiful snow moth, but Mu Juyi stubbornly thinks that she is an ugly girl, refuses to get married, and is disgusted and upset; Married father-in-law Hong and others are somehow suspicious. This disharmony between subjective and objective leads to comedy and arouses the laughter of the audience. In the laughter, Mu Juyi was "moving bricks and hitting feet". When the "baggage" was uncovered, the curtain was opened, the misunderstanding was eliminated, and the unexpected discovery made the plot turn sharply. Mu Juyi, ecstatic, hurried to make amends to Xue E, who had been wronged, and also attracted laughter from the audience. It is the "button" that stays well and the "baggage" shakes well that the suspense of comics can firmly grasp the audience. Phoenix is also suppressed, formerly known as Tree of Yin and Yang, also known as Ugly Match, was first written and performed by Mei Lanfang.

5. Feng Ming sonorous

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the divination doctor of Chen Guo married his daughter to his son Chen Yi. His wife divination said: "Auspicious means' The Phoenix Emperor is flying in the air, he is in harmony with Qiang Ming, and he was in the Qing Dynasty during the Five Dynasties.". After VIII, it echoed with Jing' "(see the twenty-two years of Zhuang Gong in Zuo Zhuan), that is, men and women are in harmony, and in this statement, husband and wife are bound to be in harmony, and future generations are extremely powerful.

6. Birds fly to the Phoenix

The Yellow Emperor ascended the throne, conscious that the world was at peace, and wanted to see the legendary Phoenix with his own eyes. To this end, he asked Tian Lao. Tian Lao replied: The appearance of Phoenix is a sign of good luck, and it will only appear in times of peace and prosperity. It's not easy to see it pass by. If you can see it flying among the birds, it will be a golden omen. The yellow emperor was very unhappy after hearing this. He said: since I acceded to the throne, the world has been at peace. Why haven't I seen the shadow of the phoenix? God said: With Chiyou in the east, Shao Hao in the west, Emperor Yan in the south and Zhuan Xu in the north, how can there be peace on all sides? After hearing this, the Yellow Emperor led the troops to crusade, and the world was unified. He saw a big bird with colorful feathers soaring in the sky and countless exotic birds dancing around it. The Yellow Emperor knew that this big bird was the Phoenix, and it was also the auspicious sign that he wanted to see-birds flying towards the phoenix (The Biography of Hanshu Poetry).

7. Qishan in Feng Ming

It is recorded in the Mandarin "Zhou Yu Shang" that when the Zhou Dynasty rose, birds like phoenix sang on Qishan in Shaanxi. There is also a saying in Volume I of the Book of Songs in the late Western Zhou Dynasty: "Feng Huang Yu Fei is also rich in heaven ... Feng Huangming is very rich in his post." This is also about Qishan in Feng Ming. Therefore, in the Western Zhou Dynasty, the phoenix bird was regarded as a magical auspicious creature, which was quite heavy for Feng Niaowen.

8. Phoenix is reborn from the ashes

Guangya: "Phoenix, nominal, full of mother". Xiang Mu flew for 500 years, flew into the Sun Temple and set himself on fire on the altar. The next day, he gave birth to feathers. On the third day, his wings were full, so he resigned from the temple owner and flew away. The astronomical motto in Huainanzi says: "The essence of internal heat is the sun" and the phoenix is the essence of fire, which is the symbol of the ancient phoenix as the sun, and was originally called "Golden Bird". The poem Goddess refers to the birth of new China.

The record in Nirvana Anonymity goes like this: "Anonymity says: the husband is empty, and everything is made by me. People who know everything and be themselves are just saints! What is this? Unreasonable and unholy, unreasonable disregard, rational and holy, saints are the same. So the Emperor of Heaven said: What should Prajna ask for? Shanji said: Prajna can't seek from color, nor can it seek from color. He also said: Seeing the origin means seeing the Dharma, seeing the Dharma means seeing the Buddha, and then the thing is me. Therefore, for people, the mystery is unknown, the hidden ghost is instantaneous, and the total Liuhe is a mirror, and the future is an adult. Ancient and modern, always connected, poor at the end, nothing else. Dzogchen is nirvana. As the saying goes: Nirvana is inseparable from all laws. He also said: all laws are boundless, so bodhi is boundless, so that you can know the way of nirvana and keep the wonderful Covenant. The reason for the wonderful behavior is that it is a mystery, but things are no different from me. I am not foreign, things are mysterious, and they belong to infinity. After going in, it is the first, and after coming back, it will start in the meantime! "How long will it take to get rid of the old?" asked the heavenly daughter. "

Translated into our current language: anonymous, people who reach a certain level must have an empty and ignorant experience. When they experience emptiness, they will not care about everything in the world. Everything flows out of my heart and everything is integrated with me. Only a saint can do it! Why do you say that? Because if you don't master this truth, you can't be a saint. On the contrary, if you don't become a saint, you can't know this truth. It is because you have mastered this truth that you become a saint. Therefore, saints and truth are in harmony, and no saint can leave this truth! This is just like Prajna's observation of the second color center, that is, separation, emptiness is color, and color is the only principle of emptiness. From the perspective of origin law, all laws are empty, and emptiness is all laws. When you see Buddha, you will see Dharma, and when you see Dharma, you will see emptiness. All dharma is empty, that is, you will be biased against Buddha and forget things. Therefore, to achieve the holiness of the Tao, we always explore mysteries in omens, hide the future in changes, unify the southeast, northwest and up, and integrate the past and the future. It is the same from ancient times to the present, and so is poverty. Dedication to greatness is nirvana. This is what the Buddhist scriptures say, "Nirvana is formed without all laws." Because there is no end to all laws, and there is no end to getting rid of them. Therefore, the way to infer nirvana lies in the "wonderful contract" that maintains the wonderful principle of contract. With the "wonderful contract", it is the truth that you can say everything you know. There is no essential difference between everything and me. I am essentially the same as everything else. Things and I are mysterious, and infinity is their ultimate destination. Nirvana is to enter, retreat, have no beginning and no end, and it is not in it! The goddess said: There is no end to the liberation of the old year.

9. Very rare

"Rare" is often not used as a metaphor for rare outstanding talents or other rare treasures. Liu Yiqing, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote "Shi Shuo Xin Yu Rong Zhi": Huan Wen, a general in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, also used the word "Mao Feng" to praise Wang Jinglun, the fifth son of Prime Minister Wang Dao: "Jinglun looks like his father. Duke Huan looked at it and said,' Big slaves have feathers.' "Lin, Kirin, the legendary beast." Lin Jiao, like Feng Mao, is also described as a rare and precious preface to Biography of Northern History Wen Yuan: "Scholars are a dime a dozen, and winners are horns. "Now it is often used as a metaphor for rare outstanding talents or other rare treasures.

10. Phoenix Lion

Phoenix flies gracefully. In ancient times, it was used to describe auspicious signs and feelings. "Biography of Wang Han Mang": "The nectar comes from the earth, the sweet spring comes from the ground, the phoenix comes to the instrument, and the immortal comes down to earth." "Shangshu Yiji": "Xiao Shao is 90%, and the phoenix comes to the instrument." The 80th time of Romance of the Three Kingdoms: "Since Wang Wei ascended the throne, Kirin was born, and the phoenix came to the instrument."

1 1. Play the flute to attract the phoenix

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Qin Mugong tried his best to find a suitable husband for his daughter Nong Yu. One day, Nong Yu dreamed that a young man was riding a phoenix to play the flute, and Qin Mugong sent someone to find a boy who played the flute. The boy's name was Shaw History. Qin Mugong admired Shaw History's talent so much that he betrothed Nong Yu to him. Shaw History and Nong Yu got married happily, because Shaw History is a fairy in the sky and can't stay on earth forever, so Shaw History, Lapras and Nong Yufei flew to heaven.

Phoenix has a legend: reborn from the fire. According to legend, 500 years ago, a god bird lit incense wood and then rose from the ashes. Gorgeous people no longer die, so it is called immortal bird, that is, phoenix. There is also a saying about Phoenix that Phoenix is the messenger of death and is responsible for hooking people's souls. Good people ascend to heaven, and bad people are like the ground.

12. King of Birds

Suzaku Phoenix is the god bird and the king of birds. The ancients said that men were called phoenixes and women were called phoenixes. Later, Phoenix was collectively referred to as; Later, when the dragon and the phoenix matched, the phoenix became the name of the imperial concubine. According to legend, Phoenix evolved from the bird totem of the Yin people in the East. Shan Hai Jing? The Wild West Classic mentioned a colorful bird with three names, namely, Imperial Bird, Suzaku and Phoenix Bird.

Shan Hai Jing? The Three Classics of the South records a bird, which is shaped like a chicken and has colorful patterns on its body. It's called Phoenix. It shows that the image of Phoenix is very beautiful from the beginning. In the future, just like the image of a dragon, the more complicated it is, the more it has a head, a hip, a snake neck, a fish tail, a dragon pattern, a turtle body, a swallow chin and a chicken mouth. (See Huai Nan Zi? Chinese parasol trees don't live, and they don't eat unless they are bamboo. (see "Poetry? Daya？ It sings and dances, and seeing it means that the world is at peace. As the head of the flock, it has tens of thousands of followers. Phoenix died on the mountain. Every July and August, birds come here to mourn it, and it will take seventeen or eighteen days to disperse. Therefore, this mountain is called "Mourning Mountain". (See "Shui Jing Zhu"? Phoenix is the combination and sublimation of hundreds of birds, and its prototype is nothing more than four categories: sunny bird, eagle, peacock and chicken. The northern nationalities in China worship the eagle, the king of birds.

After Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, great changes have taken place in the phoenix, which is basically a chicken and a sparrow, especially the strong wings and the prominent posture of the eagle. The common phoenix in our current artworks is actually the image after the Qing Dynasty, which is composed of pheasant tail, chicken body, comb, eagle eye, eagle claw, eagle neck, peacock feather and mandarin duck feather. Its tone is not as persistent and stable as that of a dragon. Xuanwu Xuanwu is a spiritual thing composed of turtles and snakes. Xuanwu originally meant Xuanming, and the ancient sounds of Wu and Ming are interlinked. Wu means black; Ghost means yin. At first, Xuan Ming described the turtle divination as follows: the turtle's back is black, and the turtle divination first invited the turtle to ask questions in the underworld, brought back the answers and showed them to the world in the form of divination. Therefore, the earliest Xuanwu is the tortoise. Since then, the meaning of Xuanming has been expanding. Turtles live in rivers, lakes and seas (including turtles), so Xuan Ming became a water god; The tortoise lives long, and Xuan Ming has become a symbol of immortality; The first underworld was in the north. In the Yin and Shang Dynasties, Oracle Bone Inscriptions divined that "divination will point to the north", so Xuan Ming became a northern god again.

Xuanwu, like other three spirits, is also derived from the 28 stars on earth: bucket, ox, female, air, danger, house and wall. However, people after ancient times have the following explanations for Xuanwu. Xuanwu is a tortoise. "Book of Rites Qu Lishang" says: "Line, before Zhu Bird, after Xuanwu. . "Xuanwu" is a tortoise and snake. Supplement to Hong Xingzu's Biography of Chu Ci: "Xuanwu is called tortoise and snake. Located in the north, it is called Xuan. With a scale, it is called martial arts. Xuanwu is a combination of snakes, turtles and snakes. However, Xuanwu was upgraded by later Taoist priests to the Northern Emperor-Emperor Zhenwu. Different from the other three spirits. Other green dragons and white tigers only became the gatekeepers of the mountain temple, and Zhu Bird became the Xuan Nv of another day.

13 Feng Fang.

Let's start with two folk songs: "A female and a male fly into the purple palace" and "Phoenix, Phoenix, why not fly back to my hometown?" Sabotage here for no reason? "

Let's talk about a handsome man first: the former Qin dynasty almost unified the north. After Qianyan was annexed, the Lord of Yan had no choice but to present his children qinghe princess and Prince Mu Rongchong as gifts to the palace. Both of them were taken in at the same time, pampered in the backyard, and the prince was reduced to a child molester. At that time, Feng Huang was only twelve years old.

That's why a folk song says, "A woman followed a man and both flew into the Purple Palace." Three years later, Mu Rongchong grew up. Because of Wang Meng's persuasion, Fu Jian reluctantly let him be sent out of the palace as the prefect of Pingyang. Until Fu Jian was defeated in the Battle of Feishui in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Mu Rongchong and Yao Chang, etc. Expose their troops in Afang City and attack them. He took revenge by brandishing his sword and succeeded to the throne in Afangcheng, calling him Emperor Wei.

Then talk about his connection with Phoenix: Coincidentally, A Fang is full of phoenix trees and bamboo. When the legendary Phoenix Emperor saw the phoenix tree, he often lay down to rest and ate bamboo to fill his stomach. What's more, the phoenix lives in Tao and burns in Nirvana. In exchange for three years of shame, Chang' an bloodbath. As a result, A Fang's green shoots everywhere attracted the fire phoenix. In addition, Mu Rongchong's fine print is called Emperor Phoenix. "Phoenix Emperor" is a common spelling of "Phoenix".

Finally, if you are interested, talk about his ending: the phoenix emperor turned into a jade face, white clothes beat snow, and the sword pointed to Chang' an. The stunner made people forget life and death, and Fu Jian paid the same price. The emperor who was once molested with the most beautiful child in his arms was trapped in Chang 'an City, and ran out of food and rice. After his death, he was hastily buried and buried in a long-horned grave. So, the iron horse Jin Ge stepped on the humiliated land in the past, inside and outside Chang 'an, and the smoke was Wan Li. Blood spilled on the road and rode alone in front of Chang' an. At that time, this man, known as the first handsome man of sixteen people in the five lakes, proved his bloodiness with the blood of a river and the lives of all beings. As a result, Chang 'an was abolished, the former Qin Dynasty was destroyed, and the State of Yan was restored, but for Mu Rongchong, there was no secret in the world. If an emperor is a beautiful woman, his fate will be even more tragic. Soon after Emperor Feng proclaimed himself emperor, he quarreled over the homesickness of his generals and was killed by the lieutenant. In fact, for him, where can it be regarded as home? Life is ruined, and he can't cover up the embarrassing past and stop the ridicule of the world. Born in the royal family, he was a child molester for several years and died in the end of the world. This beautiful young man has a very feminine appearance, but a heart of steel. He is really cunning and vicious. Even though his face is full of peach blossoms, his predecessors and newcomers are not as beautiful as Feng Di.

Phoenix Legend

1, related myths and legends first spread in the East, so they are called Oriental God Birds and Longevity Birds.

There are also narratives about god birds in western myths and legends. The phoenix in Guo Moruo's poem "Phoenix Nirvana" refers to the legendary phoenix in the west.

According to ancient Egyptian legend, the phoenix is as big as an eagle, with golden feathers, shining wings, gorgeous appearance and pleasant singing, which can give people happiness and longevity; At the same time, it is believed that there is only one phoenix in the world with a life span of 500 years. When the phoenix dies, it will collect branches of aromatic plants and herbs to build a nest and then set itself on fire. In the blazing flame, a young phoenix was born. The newborn little phoenix put the ashes of the old phoenix into a medicine egg, coated it with antiseptic essential oil, and took it to the sun god, who put it on the altar of the Sun Temple.

The "Phoenix" mentioned above is somewhat different from the legendary Phoenix in China. The legendary phoenix in the west looks like an eagle, while the legendary phoenix in China is more similar to the image of a peacock. There seems to be no mention of phoenix self-immolation in ancient myths and legends in China.