How to grow soybeans to achieve high yield and high quality?

As one of the important food crops, soybeans have a lot of planting area in our country. When planting soybeans, how to increase the yield is something that all soybean farmers would like to know. One thing, according to the little helper’s knowledge, the yield of soybeans per acre is only 100-200 kilograms, and can reach 700-800 kilograms (there are also thousands of kilograms, but they are experimental fields). Under normal circumstances, open-air fields Most of the soybeans grown are 300-400 kilograms/acre.

The yield of soybeans is determined by many factors. From the beginning of soil preparation and sowing to the final harvest, every link in the middle may play a very important role in the yield. If someone tells you that it is unrealistic to increase the yield by 100% by simply relying on a certain point, such as buying his seeds, fertilizers, etc. In the following content, a little helper will tell you how to increase soybean production from planting to harvesting. Yield, what work do we farmers need to do?

1. Land preparation

There are some differences in land preparation between spring soybeans that are grown once a year and summer soybeans that are grown twice a year. In areas where spring soybeans are grown once a year, there is spring plowing. There are two methods of plowing and autumn plowing. Spring plowing involves deep plowing and harrowing before sowing, while autumn plowing involves deep plowing and harrowing after the soybeans are harvested. Both methods can be used, depending on the specific local conditions. Decide.

Summer soybeans, which are produced twice a year, are sown after the harvest of the previous crop. Taking the winter wheat and soybean rotation as an example, after the wheat is sown, some farmers are not very good at preparing the land and directly plant the fields. The seeds are sown in the wheat stubble.

2. Seeds

There are many varieties of soybeans. There must be a certain purpose in the selection process. Not all seeds can be bought for sowing. Generally, they should be planted according to the local weather and Various aspects such as climate, pests and diseases should be considered comprehensively, and varieties with strong disease resistance, insect resistance, and adaptability should be given priority. In addition, if a certain variety has been planted continuously for many years, it is not recommended to continue planting, and the variety should be replaced in time.

3. Seed dressing

Seed dressing of soybean seeds before sowing can prevent damage from pests and diseases, such as underground pests such as grubs, mole crickets, wireworms, and sucking pests such as aphids and ash. Plant hoppers, as well as root rot, damping off, viral diseases and other diseases, the available seed dressing agents include: imidacloprid difenoconazole, imidacloprid rust, thiram, etc.

Base fertilizer

There are farmyard manures that can be used in conjunction with farmyard manures. However, not many farmyard manures are currently used. They all use compound fertilizers directly. There are compound fertilizers specially used for soybeans, or The same proportion of ternary compound fertilizer is also acceptable. If strict requirements are followed, the ingredients need to be measured according to a specific field, and then different contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are used. However, in actual planting, in order to save trouble, I directly used the same proportion of compound fertilizer, which is about 40-50 kilograms per acre of land.

Sowing density

Reasonable seeding density plays a very important role in the final high yield. Planting too densely will reduce the ventilation and light transmittance of the field, which is not conducive to the growth of soybeans. Normal growth, but if sown too thinly, the number of plants will not be that many, and the yield will not be maximized. The specific amount of sowing per acre depends on comprehensive considerations such as seed size, variety characteristics, soil fertility, sowing method, etc. Under normal circumstances, If the seeds are small, 6-8 pounds can be sown. On the contrary, if the seeds are large, 8-10 pounds can be planted per acre (except for special circumstances).

Sowing depth

The sowing depth should also be determined according to the specific conditions of the field, such as soil moisture, soil softness, seed size, etc. Generally, sowing depth The depth is 3-5cm. Too deep or too shallow is not conducive to the growth of soybeans. According to the specific conditions in the field, the depth can be increased appropriately to ensure normal germination and emergence.

Sowing time

There are differences in sowing time according to different regions. Generally speaking, the sowing time of spring soybeans is between late April and early May every year. Summer soybeans are sown in mid-June every year, and autumn soybeans are sown in some areas. The planting time is around mid-to-late August. The above sowing times may vary slightly depending on the weather conditions in different years.