This paper tries to find out the sentence break, translation, understanding and main analysis of important sentences in The Candle Speech of Teacher Qin, Jing Ke Stabbed the King of Qin and The Hongme

This paper tries to find out the sentence break, translation, understanding and main analysis of important sentences in The Candle Speech of Teacher Qin, Jing Ke Stabbed the King of Qin and The Hongmen Banquet. Quit Qin Shi by candlelight.

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And joint siege of Zheng, because Zheng was rude to (when he died in Zheng, Zheng was not treated with due courtesy), and at the same time attached to Jin and Chu. (Zheng Bo has entered the Jin League first, but he refuses to be single-minded about Jin, so he still has a heart of Chu. The Jin army was stationed in Xinling, south of the flood. (Dr. Zheng Guo) The lost fox said to Zheng Bo, "Zheng Guo is in danger! If you let the candle force go to see Qin Bo, the army (of Qin State) will definitely retreat. " Zheng Bo agreed. Candlelight Wu declined: "When I was young, I was not as good as others; Now that I am old, I can't do anything. " Zheng Wengong said, "It was my fault that I didn't pay attention to you before. Now I beg you in an emergency. However, Zheng's demise is not good for you! " Candlewood agreed to this matter.

At night (someone) put down the rope from the city and saw Qin Bo. "Qin Jin besieged Zheng, and Zheng knew his death. Destroying Zheng is good for you, but it is troublesome for your men. You know it's difficult to cross other countries and use remote land as the eastern border town of Qin. Why destroy Zheng and increase land for neighboring countries? The neighboring countries are powerful, but the strength of your state of Qin is relatively weak. If you give up the siege of Zheng, it will do you no harm to treat it as the host who receives passers-by on the Oriental Road and provide them with what they lack (as Zheng Can has always done). Moreover, you once gave Kim a favor, and Kim once promised to give you two cities, the suburbs and the surrender. As you know, Jin Gonghui crossed the Yellow River in the morning and built fortifications at night. Jin State, how can it be satisfied? (Now it) takes Zheng as the eastern boundary and wants to expand the western boundary. If Qin's land is not reduced, where will it get the land it craves? Weakening the state of Qin is beneficial to the state of Jin. I hope you will think about it! " Qin Bo was very happy and signed a covenant with Zheng. Qi Zi, Sun Feng and Sun Yang were sent to guard the State of Zheng, so the State of Qin retreated.

When the generals wanted to attack Qin Jun, Jin Wengong said, "No! Without that man's strength, I wouldn't have come this far. It is unjust to rely on others' strength and hurt them in turn; It is unwise to lose allies; It is not in line with martial arts to replace neatness with chaos. Let's go back! " Jin also left Zheng.

Segmented solution

The first paragraph: At the beginning of the article, a tense atmosphere was created: the two great powers joined hands to besiege Zheng, and the war was imminent, which laid the groundwork for the following.

The second paragraph: writing candles is dangerous. Under Zheng Bo's sincere and thorough analysis, he put aside his personal sentimentality and interests, and shouldered the important task of national life and death, which reflected the profound understanding and righteousness of the candle.

The third paragraph: this paragraph is the main body of the full text, and it is also the key to saying that I quit Qin. It is divided into four levels: first, the power of candlelight speaks from the standpoint of Qin State, causing the other party's favor; Second, it shows that Zheng's death is only beneficial to the state of Jin, not to the state of Qin; The third is to state that preserving Zheng is beneficial to Qin; Fourthly, from the historical relationship of Qin Jin, it shows that Jin burned bridges and was ungrateful, and analyzed that Jin was insatiable, thus realizing that Jin Qiang would endanger Qin, so he made a covenant with Zheng and even helped Zheng.

The fourth paragraph: This paragraph records the withdrawal of Jinshi from the State of Zheng, and also reflects the political vision of Jin Wengong, the overlord of a generation.

Article analysis

See Zuo Zhuan, "When the candle defeated Qin". Zuozhuan is also called Zuoshi Chunqiu. It is the earliest chronological historical masterpiece in China, and it is also an excellent literary work. The book systematically describes the important events that took place in various vassal States in the whole Spring and Autumn Period from the aspects of politics, military affairs and diplomacy, and at the same time describes the trivial lives of some characters in detail, which truly reflects the social outlook and political situation at that time. Zuo Zhuan is good at narrating, describing the war and describing the heroic words of pedestrians. With his keen observation, profound understanding and high literary accomplishment, the author made a profound and vivid account of many historical events, with vivid images and beautiful language, which became a model of prose in past dynasties.

This paper describes a diplomatic struggle before the United attack on Zheng. This happened in 630 BC (thirty years in Lu Xigong). Two years before this (632 BC, that is, the 28th year of Lu Xigong), a war for hegemony broke out between Chengpu and Chu Jin. As a result, Chu was defeated and Jin Ba was promoted. In the battle of Chengpu, Zheng sent troops to help Chu and became an enemy of Jin, which was the direct reason why Jin and Qin jointly attacked Zheng. This war can also be said to be the aftermath of the battle of Chengpu.

This is a short article describing the language of pedestrians. Zheng was surrounded by the armies of Jin and Qin, and the country was in danger. At Zheng Jun's behest, he said that he would retreat to Qin Jun. He was good at using contradictions and adopting the method of disintegration. After some rhetoric, he persuaded Zheng Jun to quit and sent troops to help Zheng defend. In the end, the Jin army had to retreat, thus lifting Zheng's crisis. This article praised the patriotic spirit of Candle Martial Arts Master, who was able to convince Qin Jun to safeguard national security when the country was in danger. At the same time, it also reflects the complexity of the struggle between the vassal States in the Spring and Autumn Period.

The emperor and the assassin

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Wang Jian, the general of Qin State, defeated Zhao State, captured Zhao Wang, occupied all the land of Zhao State, and sent troops to the north to occupy the land until the southern border of Yan State.

Taizi Dan was very scared and asked Jing Ke, "Sooner or later, the army of Qin will cross Yishui, so even if I want to serve you for a long time, what can I do?" Jing Ke said, "Even if the prince doesn't say anything, I will ask for action." . If you go now and have nothing to trust, you can't get close to the king of Qin. Today, General Fan, King of Qin, offered a reward of 1,000 Jin and a fief of 10,000 households for his head. If I can really get the map of General Fan's head and the governor of Yan State to the king of Qin, the king of Qin will be very happy to meet me, so that I can repay the prince. The prince said, "General Fan came to me because he was desperate. I can't bear to hurt my elders' hearts because of my personal grievances. I hope you can find another way! " "

Jing Ke knew that the king of Wu could not stand it, so he met Fan privately and said, "Fan, the king of Qin is too cruel to you. Parents and clans were killed and confiscated. Now I heard that the king of Qin offered a reward for the head of the general, asking for 1,000 kilograms of gold and 10,000 fiefs. What are you going to do? " General Fan sighed with tears and said, "Every time I think about it, it often hurts into the bone marrow, but I just can't think of anything! "Jing Ke said:" Now there is a suggestion that can relieve the future troubles of Yan State and repay the hatred of General Fan. How about it? " Fan stepped forward and said, "How? Jing Ke said, "I hope I can lend your General Fan's head to the King of Qin. He will be very happy and accept it. I grabbed his sleeve with my left hand and stabbed him in the chest with my right hand, so I could avenge the general and get rid of the humiliation of Yan. General, will you? "General Fan took off his sleeve, grabbed his wrist and said," This is a very painful thing that makes me gnash my teeth day and night. Now I can hear and give advice! "So he committed suicide.

When the prince heard about it, he drove there and fell on the body crying, very sad. But it was helpless, so I wrapped Van Yuqi's head and put it in a box.

So the prince found the sharpest dagger in the world in advance and bought it from Mrs. Zhao with 120 gold, so that craftsmen could dip poison in the dagger when refining. Used to test others, blood-stained clothes, people die immediately. So I packed my bags and sent Jing Ke away.

There was a warrior in the state of Yan named Qin Wuyang, who killed people at the age of twelve. People were afraid to look him in the eye. So he ordered Qin Wuyang to go with him and be his assistant.

Jing Ke is waiting for another person and wants to go with him, but that person lives far away and has been waiting for him.

After a while, before we set out, the prince suspected that Jing Ke had left too late and suspected that he might go back on his word, so he went to ask him to start again and said, "It's getting late. Don't you want to go? " I'll send Qin Wuyang first! "Jing Ke was very angry and took it out on the prince, saying," It's no use if you go now and can't come back (to the prince)! Now I'm going to the state of Qin with a dagger. The reason why I stayed is to wait for my friend. Now the prince thinks I left too late. Please allow me to say goodbye. "So I set out.

The prince and the guests who knew about it all wore white clothes and white hats to see him off. When we arrived at Xiaohe River, we sacrificed to the passing gods, and we went on our way. Jing Ke's friend Gao Jianli slapped his musical instrument, and Jing Ke made a sad sound to the music. Everyone cried with tears. Jing Ke went forward and sang: "The wind is rustling and the water is cold, and the strong man is gone forever!" Another angry voice, everyone's eyes widened and their hair stood on end. So Jing Ke got on the bus and never looked back.

When he arrived in the state of Qin, he brought a gift worth 1000 dollars to Meng Jia, the favorite son of the king of Qin.

Meng Jia said to the king of Qin in advance for him, "The prince is really afraid of your majesty and dare not send troops to resist. He is willing to take the people of the whole country as your courtiers, rank among the princes, and pay tribute to Qin like the counties and counties of Qin, just in the hope of keeping the ancestral temple. They are too scared to make their own statement. Now, I'm going to behead Fan, present a map of Du Kang in Yan State, and put it in a box. The prince sent it carefully in the court and sent messengers to tell the king. Everything is at your disposal. "

The king of Qin was very happy after hearing this. So he put on his royal robes, set up a ceremony for nine guests, and met the envoys of the State of Yan in Xianyang Palace.

Jing Ke is holding a box with Fan Yuqi's head on it, and Qin Wuyang is holding a box with a map on it, arranged in order. On the front steps of the temple, Qin Wuyang's face changed with fear, which surprised the ministers. Jing Ke smiled back at him and went forward to apologize to the King of Qin for him, saying, "People in remote areas in the north have never seen the son of heaven, so they are a little scared. I hope the king can forgive him a little and let him complete his mission in front of the king. " The king of Qin said to Jing Ke, "Get up and bring me the map of Qin Wuyang."

Jing Ke took the map and held it, then opened it. When the map was completely unfolded, the dagger was exposed. Jing Ke took the opportunity to stab the king of Qin's sleeve and stabbed him with a dagger in his right hand. The king of Qin missed it and was very surprised. He shrugged, stood up and broke his sleeve. Draw a sword, but the sword is too long, so I pick up the scabbard. It was very critical at that time, and the sword was too tight to be pulled out.

Jing Ke followed the king of Qin, who ran around the pillar. The ministers were very surprised. It happened suddenly. I didn't expect everyone to lose their normal state. According to the law of Qin state, ministers serving in the temple cannot carry any weapons; Those armed guards are waiting on your highness, and they are not allowed to go to the temple without orders. Even if he was in a hurry, he had to call a bodyguard, so Jing Ke kept chasing the king of Qin. Everyone was in a hurry, and there was nothing to deal with Jing Ke, so he used his hand to fight Jing Ke.

At this moment, Xia Wuqie, the physician of the King of Qin, threw the medicine bag at Jing Ke. The king of Qin ran around the pillar, terrified and at a loss. The left and right ministers reminded him: "Your Majesty, put the sword on your back! Your Majesty, put your sword on your back! " So the king of Qin drew his sword and stabbed Jing Ke, cutting off Jing Ke's left thigh. Jing Ke was crippled and fell to the ground. He raised his dagger and threw it at the king of Qin. He missed and hit the post. The king of Qin cut Jing Ke again, and Jing Ke was wounded by eight swords.

Knowing that it was impossible to succeed, Jing Ke leaned against the post and laughed, sitting with his legs spread apart and his knees slightly bent. "The reason why things didn't succeed was to capture you alive, and then let you make a wish with us to repay the prince!"

The king of Qin left and right ministers to behead Jing Ke. The king of Qin was stunned for a long time.

Segmented solution

The first paragraph: Explain the background of the story, Enemy at the Gates. The second paragraph: Prince Taizi Dan asked for advice. Jing Ke put forward "General Fan's head" as a pledge, but Taizi Dan could not bear it. Set suspense for the following. The third paragraph: the development of the story. Jing Ke met with Van Yuqi privately and told him to kill two birds with one stone. Van Yuqi thanked him for his kindness and committed suicide because of Jing Ke's plan. His words and deeds are regrettable. The fourth paragraph: The grief of the Prince is the first step of Jing Ke's plan. The fifth paragraph: get the sharp weapon to assassinate the king of Qin. Paragraph 6: Equipped with assistants. Paragraph 7: Explain the reasons for the delay in Jing Ke. Paragraph 8: Take it out on the Prince. Paragraph 9: Farewell to Yishui. "Xiao Shui Farewell" opened a scene of generous elegy, which was the climax in the preparation of "Stabbing Qin". Paragraph 10- 1 1: In order to achieve the purpose of assassination, Jing Ke bribed the king of Qin to be his favorite minister and showed his loyalty, so that he could meet the king of Qin. Paragraph 12: Jing Ke's goal was achieved, and the King of Qin accepted the swallow. Paragraph 13: Gu. Paragraph 14- 16: The above is the climax of the story: the plot is poor, Jing Ke assassinated the king of Qin, and the king of Qin rebelled. This part describes the vivid images of the characters, Jing Ke's fearlessness, the confusion and panic of the king of Qin, and the helplessness of the courtiers. :: Paragraph 17: Jing Ke leaned against the column and laughed and scolded. Paragraph 18: End: Jing Ke was beheaded.

Hongmen Banquet-A banquet with ulterior motives

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Liu bang was stationed in the garrison and never saw Xiang Yu. Liu Bang's Sajima Cao Wushang sent someone to see Xiang Yu: "Liu Bang wants to be king in Guanzhong and let Zi Ying be prime minister. All the treasures are owned by Liu Bang. " Xiang Yu was furious and said, "Reward the soldiers tomorrow morning and defeat Liu Bang's army for me!" At that time, Xiang Yu's army was 400,000, stationed in Xinfeng Hong Men; Liu bang's army is 654.38+ 10,000, which is stationed on the tyrant. Fan Zeng advised Xiang Yu: "When Pei Gong was in the east of Lushan Mountain, he was greedy for money and lustful, and loved beautiful women. Now that he has entered the customs, he doesn't plunder property or have a crush on women, which shows that he is ambitious. I asked people to go there to see the clouds, all in the shape of dragons and tigers and colorful. This is the cloud of the son of heaven! Fast break, don't lose the opportunity. " Xiang Bo, Zuo Yin of Chu State, is Xiang Yu's uncle and has been making friends with Sean of Liu Hou. Sean is following Liu Bang at this moment. Xiang Bo rode to Liu Bang's barracks overnight, met Sean privately, told him everything, and wanted to ask Sean to leave with him, saying, "Don't die with them." Sean said, "I was sent by korean king to Pei Gong. Now Pei Gong is in a critical situation, and running away is a breach of promise. I must tell him. " So Sean went in and told Liu Bang everything. Liu Bang was frightened and said, "What about this?" Sean said, "Who gave the king this plan?" Liu Bang said: "A boy with short knowledge advised me to say,' Hold the Hangu Pass and don't let the princes in. The land of Qin can be occupied and become a king. So I listened to him. Sean said: "It is estimated that the king's army is enough to resist Wang Xiang?" Liu bang was silent for a moment and said, "Of course not. What's the use? Sean said, "Please let me tell Xiang Bo that Pei Gong dare not betray Wang Xiang." . "Liu said," how do you have friendship with Xiang Bo? "Sean said:" In the Qin Dynasty, he interacted with me, and Xiang Bo killed someone and I saved him. "Now things are critical. Fortunately, he came to tell me." Liu Bang said, "Compared with you, who is older and who is younger?" Sean said, "Bigger than me." Liu Bang said, "Please invite him in for me. I treat him like a brother." Sean went out to invite Xiang Bo, and Xiang Bo went in to see Liu Bang. Liu Bang raised a glass to wish Xiang a long life and made an agreement with Xiang Bo to marry his children as in-laws. He said, "When I entered Guanzhong, I didn't dare to take anything for myself. I registered officials and people, closed the warehouse and waited for the arrival of the general. The reason why we want to send generals to guard Hangu Pass is to guard against the entry of other thieves and unexpected changes. I look forward to the general's arrival day and night. How dare I resist? " I hope you can tell Wang Xiang all the things I dare not be ungrateful. Xiang Bo agreed and told Liu Bang, "Tomorrow morning, I must personally apologize to Xiang Wang." Liu Bang said, "Good. "So Xiang Bo left overnight, returned to the barracks, reported Liu Bang's words to Xiang Yu, and took the opportunity to say," How dare you come in before Pei Gong broke through Guanzhong first? "Since people have made great contributions, attacking them is treachery. Take this opportunity to treat him well. " Xiang Yu agreed. The next morning, Liu Bang took more than 100 people to see Wang Xiang. When he arrived in Hong Men, he apologized to Wang Xiang and said, "I attacked the State of Qin with the general. The general fought in the north of the Yellow River, and I fought in the south of the Yellow River. But I didn't expect to enter the customs first, destroy Qin, and see the general here again. Now there are villains who make rumors and misunderstand you and me. " Wang Xiang said, "This is what Sa Ji Ma Cao Wushang of Pei Gong said. If not, how can I be like this? " Wang Xiang left Liu Bang on the same day to drink with him. Wang Xianghe and Xiang Bo sit in the east, while Yapu sits in the south. The father is Fan Zeng. Liu Bang sat facing north, and Sean accompanied him facing west. Fan Zeng winked at Wang Xiang many times, and repeatedly raised his jade Jue to hint at Wang Xiang, but Wang Xiang was silent and unresponsive. Fan Zeng got up and went out to call Xiang Zhuang, saying, "Your Majesty is heartless. You go in, make a toast, finish the wine, ask for a sword dance, and take the opportunity to kill Pei Gong in his seat. Otherwise, you are all captured by him! " Xiangzhuang went in to propose a toast. After drinking, he said, "Your Majesty and Pei Gong are drinking. There is nothing in the barracks that can be used for entertainment. Please let me dance the sword. " Xiang Wang said, "Good." Xiang Zhuang drew his sword and Xiang Bo drew his sword and danced, often covering Liu Bang with open arms like a bird spreading its wings. Xiang Zhuang couldn't have assassinated him. So Sean went to the gate of the military camp to find Fan Kuai. Fan Kuai asked, "How was it today?" Sean said, "This is the key! Now Xiangzhuang is dancing the sword, and his intention is always on Pei Gong! " Fan Kuai said: "This is too critical. Please let me go in and live with him. " So Fan Kuai rushed into the military gate with a sword and shield. Guards carrying halberds through the gate tried to stop him from entering. Fan Kuai slammed the side shield, and the guards fell to the ground. Fan Kuai went in, lifted the curtain, and stood facing the west, staring at Wang Xiang, his hair bristled and his eyes cracked. King Xiang stood up with a sword in his hand and asked, "What do guests do?" Sean said: "It is Pei Gong who participated in Fan Kuai." King Xiang said, "Warriors! Give him a glass of wine. " Left and right handed him a large glass of wine, Fan Kuai thank humbly, stood up and drank the wine. King Xiang added, "Give him a pig leg." Left and right gave him an unfamiliar pig leg. Fan Kuai buckled the shield on the ground, put the pig leg on the shield, pulled out his sword, and cut it to eat. King Xiang said, "Warriors! Can I still drink? " Fan Kuai said, "I'm not afraid of death. What can I say no to a glass of wine? The king of Qin has the heart of a tiger and a wolf. He was afraid of killing people and punishing people for using up torture, so everyone in the world betrayed him. Chu Huaiwang agreed with the generals: "Whoever defeats Qin Jun first, who enters Xianyang first, is Chu Huaiwang." . Now Pei Gong first defeated Qin Jun and entered Xianyang. He dared not use anything, closed the palace, and the army retreated to the overlord, waiting for the arrival of the king. The reason why the general was specially assigned to guard Hangu Pass was to guard against other thieves' access and unexpected changes. Instead of being rewarded by the Marquis, I listened to the slanderers of the villains and wanted to kill those who made meritorious deeds. This is just a continuation of the ruined Qin Dynasty. I don't think the king should take this way. King Xiang was speechless and said, "Please sit down." "Fan Kuai sat down next to Sean. After sitting for a while, Liu went to the toilet and took the opportunity to call Fan out. After Liu Bang went out, Wang Xiang sent a man named Chen Ping to call Liu Bang. Liu Bang said, "Since I'm out, I haven't left yet. What should I do? "Fan Kuai said," You don't have to worry about details when you do great things, and you don't have to worry about modesty when you talk about big gifts. People nowadays are like kitchen knives and chopping boards, while we are like fish and meat. What are we going to do here? " So he decided to leave. Liu asked Sean to stay and apologize. Sean asked, "What did the king bring when he came? Liu Bang said, "I brought a pair of Yu Pei and wanted to dedicate them to Wang Xiang." . A pair of jade barrels, which I want to give to Yafu. They are too angry to give. You can provide them for me. "Sean said," good. "At that time, Wang Xiang's army was stationed in Hong Men, and Liu Bang's army was stationed on the bully, four miles apart. Liu Bang left the vehicle and his entourage, rode away alone, and fled on foot with swords and shields with Fan Kuai, Xia Houying, Jin Qiang and Ji Xin, passing through Zhiyang at the foot of Lishan Mountain. Liu Bang said to Sean, "It's only 20 miles from this road to our barracks. I think I'll go back to the barracks before you go in. "Liu bang left, from the path back to the barracks. Sean went in to apologize, saying, "Pei Gong can't stand hard liquor and can't leave in person. Let me present a pair of white jade and worship it as king; A pair of jade buckets, two for the general. " Wang Xiang said, "where is Pei Gong? Sean said: "I heard that the king deliberately blamed him, fled, left alone, and has returned to the barracks." . King Xiang took the jade and put it on the seat. Father Ya took the jade bucket, put it on the ground, pulled out his sword and smashed it, saying, "Alas! This boy is not worth * * seeking great things with him! The person who won the title of Xiang Wang must be Pei Gong. We are all going to be captured by him! Liu returned to the army and immediately killed Cao.

Understand; Understanding

A theme and plot Hongmen banquet is the beginning of a five-year struggle between Xiang Yu and Liu Bang after the demise of the Qin Dynasty. Although it is the beginning, it indicates the end of this struggle to some extent. This is because the author vividly reveals Xiang Yu's tragic character by describing the whole process of the banquet (including the struggle before and after the meeting): he is proud of his merits and has "women's nature". If this character is not changed, it will inevitably end in failure. The reason why Liu Bang can turn the tide at the banquet is inseparable from his good use of each other's personality weaknesses. From this historical fact, we can see that a leader's personality plays an important role in historical development. This paper can be divided into three parts according to the development process of the plot. The first part (paragraphs 1 and 2) explains the origin of the hongmen banquet. Firstly, the article points out the stationing of Liu and Xiang armies and the strength of both sides, which shows that Xiang Yu has absolute superiority and the initiative in the war is in his hands. The following character activities are all related to this background. The cause of the struggle was Cao Xiang's informer. Xiang Yu heard that "Pei Gong wanted Wang Guanzhong" offended his dignity and immediately decided to attack Liu Bang. Fan Zeng, his chief adviser, took the opportunity to expose Liu Bang's ambition and encouraged him to attack. Their different understanding indicates that they will adopt different attitudes towards Liu Bang. War seemed imminent, but suddenly there was a turn for the better. Xiang Bo visited Sean at night and advised him to escape, but Sean informed Liu Bang on the pretext of "sending Pei Gong to the King of Korea". Liu Bang then wooed Xiang Bo and defended himself with lies. Xiang Bo agreed to mediate and told Liu Bang every day that "fleas must come to thank the king". Because of this, there was a fight at the hongmen banquet. The second part (the third and fourth paragraphs) describes the struggle at the Hongmen banquet. The rhythm develops rapidly and the atmosphere changes rapidly. At first, it was calm. Liu Bang belittled the word "apology", and Xiang Yu told the informant that his anger had completely subsided and he had made up, and he hosted a banquet for Liu Bang. However, Fan Zeng deliberately killed Liu Bang, starting with "Wang Count to three, and Dai Yuzhe showed it", and then ordered Xiang Zhuang to dance the sword and "kill him for beating Pei Gong", which made the atmosphere more and more tense. So Sean gave Fan Kuai a push. Fan Kuai is a participant of Liu Bang. He has the responsibility to protect Liu Bang, but he is not qualified to attend the meeting. After learning his identity, Xiang Yu knew his purpose, so he gave wine to ease the atmosphere. In order to focus on himself, Fan Kuai not only followed the etiquette, but also ate raw shoulders. Then, with "can I drink again?" I made a generous statement: Take "Wang Guanzhong" as an example. Although I have the promise of the king, I still dare not be exclusive and have to wait for the king to come; He also accused Wang Xiang of dancing a sword at dinner because he "wanted to punish those who made meritorious deeds". Therefore, "Wang Xiang didn't respond", but got a seat. At this point, the atmosphere has been further eased, but the crisis has not been lifted. This is the climax of the banquet struggle. The third part (paragraphs 5, 6 and 7) describes the rest of the situation after the meeting, including Liu Bang's escape from his seat and his diversion to join the army; Leave Xie, receive the wall, and Fan Zeng breaks the bucket; Liu Bang killed Cao Wushang. The plot of this article unfolds in layers according to whether Xiang Yu attacks and whether Liu Bang can escape safely. It is full of ups and downs, contradictions and exciting. The story begins with Cao Wushang's informer, Xiang Yu's decision to attack, Xiang Yu's acceptance, and Cao Wushang's execution. Although it is an excerpt, it also has relative integrity.

This paper mainly depicts the image of Xiang Yu, showing his conceited and meritorious character. Because the main force of Qin was defeated by him, all the vassal States obeyed him and recognized his "overlord" status, so after entering the customs, they heard that Liu Bang's "desire for the king's Guanzhong" violated his dignity and immediately decided to attack; However, after learning that Liu Bang was a "civil servant" and waited for him to deal with it, he gave up the attack plan. What's more, he didn't regard Liu Bang as his main rival, and he didn't want to kill him during the dinner. Liu Bang also paid attention to maintaining his dignity, which made him feel "unbearable", so he repeatedly hinted not to be silent, and made no comment on the sword dance of Xiang Zhuang and Xiang Bo. This "unbearable" heart even made him take a particularly tolerant attitude towards Fan Kuai: Fan Kuai was not qualified to attend the meeting and could have scolded him, but he understood Fan Kuai's feelings and gave him wine instead. Although Fan Kuai's statement was criticized, he was regarded higher than Wang Huaigao, which meant "seeking reward", which was in line with his conceit. He felt guilty and "failed to respond", so he offered his seat to Fan Kuai. Conceited and "unbearable" people, although successful for a while, will inevitably fail in the end. Sima Qian described Xiang Yu as a tragic hero. He once commented, "He boasted about his military exploits, did not learn from the past, and fought for his personal wisdom. This is called overlord's business. He wanted to rule the world by force and died five years later. " Although this article only writes one side of the characters, it is possible to get a glimpse of the whole leopard. Liu Bang's image is also very vivid. Going to Hong Men to "apologize", although Xiang Bo intervened halfway, he was actually in danger and his fate was unpredictable, but it was not enough to calm Xiang Yu's anger. He still left as promised; When he returned to the army, he "decided to kill Cao". His determination can be seen from these things. He has always been arrogant. This time, he "broke the Qin Dynasty and entered Xianyang first", and he is a man of "great achievements". But in front of Xiang Yu, he was humble and polite, fearing that he would not come to the next seat. He accepted all the orders and left without saying a word, which showed that he was impolite. As for his cunning, details such as scolding Kun Sheng, wooing Xiang Bo and scolding informers are obvious.

Three writing characteristics 1. Describe the characters in the contradictory struggle. The author mainly grasps four questions when shaping the image of Xiang Yu: whether to attack Liu Bang; Whether to kill Liu bang during the dinner; What's your attitude towards Fan Kuai's Li Yue behavior? What's your attitude towards Liu Bang's escape? These have been analyzed above. Let's talk about Fan Kuai. Fan Kuai showed great courage in breaking into the chancellors' account despite the guards' blocking at a critical moment. But all kinds of actions after entering the account are polite. First, "close the curtain and stand to the west." Depending on the king ",in order to attract the attention of xiang yu; Xiang Yu offered wine, thanked him first, then stood and drank, then even ate and drank. He took the opportunity to satirize Wang Xiang, but at the same time he sought rewards for Liu Bang, secretly honoring Xiang Yu, which showed that he was crude and refined. 2. Contrast the characters with contrast. Such as: Liu Bang, Xiang Yu; Sean and Fan Zeng.