On how to improve the economic benefits of enterprises by using the principles of capital circulation and turnover

The theoretical and practical significance of the basic principles of capital circulation, capital turnover and social capital reproduction to China's socialist construction

The principle of capital circulation guides us to understand and apply the law of socialist capital movement. The principle of capital circulation points out that in order to ensure the continuity of capital circulation, industrial capitalists must divide their own capital into three parts: monetary capital, production capital and commodity capital according to the proportion of reproduction requirements, and make them coexist in space and continue in time. This circulation principle, regardless of the capitalist nature of Marx's analysis, is still of practical significance to socialist construction: under the condition of socialist market economy, the circulation of funds in socialist enterprises should go through three stages in turn: purchase stage, production stage and sales stage, and accordingly take three functional forms: monetary funds, production funds and commodity funds. Enterprise funds can only be maintained and increased by continuous circulation. In order to ensure the smooth circulation of funds in socialist enterprises, all funds must be allocated in a certain proportion in the form of monetary funds, production funds and commodity funds according to the scale of production, technical composition and the length of purchase and sale time, so as to make them circulate smoothly. This requires enterprises to constantly improve their management level, achieve balanced production and marketable products, thus accelerating the circulation of funds.

The principle of capital turnover guides us to understand and accelerate the significance and ways of capital turnover. The principle of capital turnover explains that accelerating capital turnover can not only avoid or reduce the loss caused by intangible loss of fixed capital, but also save prepaid capital, increase annual surplus value and increase annual surplus value rate. This principle, regardless of the nature of capitalism, is also of practical significance to socialist construction:

First, only by accelerating capital turnover can socialist enterprises save prepaid funds and increase profits.

Second, to speed up the capital turnover, we must shorten the production time and circulation time. The main ways are: improving production technology, increasing labor productivity, timely storage, reducing blind production, balancing production and sales, developing transportation, communication and credit systems, and improving the utilization rate of fixed funds.

Marx's theory of social capital reproduction clarifies the realization conditions of social capital reproduction. This principle also applies to the socialist market economy. Under socialist conditions, in order to ensure the smooth progress of social reproduction, we must also strive to ensure the reasonable development between the two major departments, within the two major departments and among the primary, secondary and tertiary industries, maintain a reasonable and coordinated proportional relationship, and strive to maintain the basic balance between the total social supply and the total social demand in structure and quantity. To this end, while emphasizing the full play of the role of the market mechanism, we must also strengthen the macro-control of the country.