From the drug name, which drugs belong to hormones? (original)

when I was planning to write a popular science blog post about hormones, I suddenly thought of writing a blog post about antibiotics before. Someone asked me a question: How can I know which drug belongs to antibiotics and cannot be abused? Later, a blog post was published specifically for this purpose:

Everyone can identify antibiotic drugs

Hormone drugs are usually classified according to chemical structure, and there are only two categories, one is amino acids, peptides and protein; The other is steroids (steroids). The following are also explained in turn by classification.

nomenclature of amino acid peptide hormones

Thyroxine

is the only hormone drug commonly used in amino acids, which is an iodine-containing amino acid and a synthetic product of natural thyroxine, and is used for diseases lacking endogenous thyroxine (hypothyroidism). Amino acids are linked to each other to form peptides or protein, and the difference depends on the molecular weight, the small one is peptide, and the big one is protein.

The hormone drug belonging to peptide is insulin

, which is used to lower blood sugar; Calcitonin < P > can be used to improve diseases such as osteitis, osteodynia and hypercalcemia. Another hormone related to calcium regulation is parathyroid hormone. Because peptides are easily hydrolyzed, these hormone drugs are digested and inactivated in gastrointestinal tract, and most of them need to be used by injection.

There are also some peptide hormones with the word "promoting" in their names, usually pituitary hormones, which can promote the secretion of hormones by the relevant glands in the body to regulate physiology. It can often be seen from the names that they play a role, such as corticotropin and thyrotropin. Some of the drugs used are artificial synthetic products of pituitary hormones, and their names all contain the word "Ruilin", such as gonadorelin and leuprorelin.

naming of steroid hormones

The peptide hormone drugs mentioned above are more professional and less likely to be abused. In fact, most of the hormonal drugs spoken by the common people refer to steroid hormone < P >, which is also called steroid hormone-that is, sex hormones (male hormones and female hormones) and adrenocortical hormones (glucocorticoids) with four rings like the word "Tian" (the part of steroid word).

Female hormones, including estrogen and progesterone, control women's menstrual cycle. Most of the names of estrogen drugs have the word "female". Such as drugs such as estradiol, ethinylestradiol and diethylstilbestrol, there seems to be no exception.

There are some estrogen-derived drugs called estrogen modulators, which usually contain the word "fen" or "xifen", such as clomiphene citrate, raloxifene and tamoxifen.

Progesterone drugs, except progesterone from natural sources, all use the stem of "progesterone", such as propesterone and nomegestrol. Some progestogen drugs as birth control pills do not necessarily contain the word pregnancy, but most of them contain the words "norketone" or "noralcohol".

The drug names of androgens are relatively simple, and generally contain the word "testis" or "male", such as the drug methyltestosterone and methadone. Because androgens are effective in strengthening muscles, people try to separate this function of helping protein assimilate (that is, becoming a human muscle) from that of sex hormones, and use it for special purposes. It is called anabolic steroid, and its name usually contains the stem "Nuolong" or the word "Dragon", such as the drug Novolone Phenylpropionate, Mesonolone and so on.

finally, glucocorticoids (adrenocortical hormones) are widely used and powerful, and they are easy to be abused. Cortisone and hydrocortisone are separated from the adrenal cortex, so most of these drugs have the word "loose", such as prednisone and dexamethasone. There are several drugs with slightly changed structures, named "Ned", such as triamcinolone acetonide and budesonide.

if you know the stem of the above-mentioned common name, you can know whether it is hormone or not and what kind of hormone medicine it is from the drug name. The trade names of drugs are difficult to see and misleading. At present, the state stipulates that the largest font on the drug instructions and packaging is the generic name of the drug, which will not be confused. It is also convenient to change the trade name into the generic name of the drug by looking it up on the Internet.

There is another important point to verify from the drug instructions.

You can look at the column of pharmacology and toxicology or clinical application in the drug instructions, and sometimes you can directly explain the drugs belonging to a certain hormone class, or you can see that their pharmacology and effects are related to hormones in a certain body. These drugs can be considered as hormone drugs. For example. For example, there are many versions of the drug instructions for dexamethasone on the Internet, some of which directly refer to adrenocortical drugs, and some of them are written in the column of clinical application. This product has the same effect as cortisone acetate. So we can all know that the drug is a cortisone drug, that is, a glucocorticoid drug. It is a very good way to verify from the drug instructions.