How do you spell Korean?

Korean is a pinyin script, also called an alphabetic-syllabic script. The writing system created by Koreans is mainly based on their own research on phonology. They invented the theory of thirds themselves, dividing syllables into initial, middle and final sounds. When actually writing text, the first, middle and final sounds are written together from top to bottom and from left to right to form a square character.

Korean has 40 letters, including 21 vowels and 19 consonants. Each letter generally represents only one phoneme.

1. Vowels.

Korean has 21 vowels, 10 single vowels, and 11 double vowels. The creation of vowels originated from the idea that "heaven, earth, and man" in the universe are one, that is, the sky is round "?", the earth is flat "?", and people are straight "?". The sun has just risen and is full of yang energy, which will produce a loud and clear masculine vowel "?". When pronouncing, open your mouth naturally, extend your lower jaw downward, the tip of your tongue also downwards, and relax your lips naturally to pronounce this sound. When the sun sets in the west, a low feminine vowel "?" is emitted. When pronouncing, the mouth should be opened naturally and the tongue should be slightly raised. When pronouncing it, the opening should be smaller than when pronouncing "?". The lips and roots of the teeth should not be forced, and the mouth should not be flattened. When the sun rises above the horizon, it is daytime. It is full of yang energy and produces a loud masculine vowel "?". When pronouncing it, the mouth is slightly opened, the lips are drawn forward into a circle, and the back part of the tongue is naturally raised. When the sun sets and hides under the dark horizon, it emits a low, muddy feminine vowel sound "?". When pronouncing, the opening is smaller than when pronouncing "?", the tongue surface and the hard palate are flat, the lips are drawn forward into a round shape, which is more forward than "?", and the sound is emitted from the back surface of the tongue. The mouth is slightly opened, the tongue is slightly retracted, the front part of the tongue is flat, the back of the tongue is slightly raised toward the soft palate, the lips are pulled apart to both sides, and the airflow is squeezed out through the surface of the tongue. When pronouncing, the mouth is slightly open, the tongue is raised close to the upper jaw, the lips are flat, and the lips are naturally released to the left and right. When pronouncing the "?" sound, the opening of the mouth is the same as that of "?", but the tongue position is higher than that of "?", the lips are tightened to both sides into a flat shape, the hard palate is pressed down and the tip of the tongue is pressed against the lower gums. When pronouncing the "?" sound, the mouth should not be opened too wide, it should be smaller than the "?" sound, and the front part of the tongue should be raised higher than when making the "?" sound. When pronouncing the "?" sound, the mouth shape and tongue position are basically the same as "?", but when pronouncing "?", the tongue is raised toward the soft palate, and the lips must be drawn together into a circle. The opening of the mouth and the height of the tongue are similar to "?", but when pronouncing "?", the lips must be rounded. When pronouncing the "?" sound, first pronounce a short and weak "?", then quickly slide to the "?", and pronounce it well in one breath. First pronounce the short and weak "?", then quickly slide to the "?", and pronounce it well in one breath. When ?, ?, ? in the predicate stem are connected with ?, it forms ?, ?, ?, and the vowel ? inside should be pronounced as ?. First pronounce the short and weak "?", then quickly slide to the "?", and pronounce it well in one breath. First pronounce the short and weak "?", then quickly slide to the "?", and pronounce it well in one breath. When pronouncing the "?" sound, first pronounce the short and weak "?" sound, and then slide to the "?" sound. Note that the "?" sound is light and short when pronounced, while the "?" sound is heavier. In addition to forming a syllable of its own, this sound is only combined with the consonants "?" and "?". When this vowel forms a syllable by itself or is combined with the consonant ?, it first produces a short and weak "?" sound, and then slides to the "?" sound. Note that the "?" sound is light and short when pronounced, while the "?" sound is heavier. When combined with other consonants, it is pronounced? When pronouncing the "?" sound, pronounce "?" first, and then slide to the "?" sound. Note that the "?" sound is light and short when pronounced, while the "?" sound is heavier. When pronouncing the "?" sound, pronounce "?" first, and then slide to the "?" sound. Note that the "?" sound is light and short when pronounced, while the "?" sound is heavier. When pronouncing the "?" sound, pronounce "?" first, and then slide to the "?" sound. Note that the "?" sound is light and short when pronounced, while the "?" sound is heavier. When pronouncing the "?" sound, pronounce "?" first, and then slide to the "?" sound. Note that the "?" sound is light and short when pronounced, while the "?" sound is heavier. When this vowel is in the first syllable of a word, it is first pronounced as a short and weak "?", and then quickly slides to "?". It must be pronounced in one breath. If it is not in the first syllable of a word or when it is spelled with a consonant, it is pronounced as "?". When it appears as a possessive particle, it is pronounced as "?".

2. Consonants.

Korean has 19 consonant letters, which are created based on the shape of the main vocal organs when people pronounce - the shape of the mouth, the shape of the tongue, the shape of the larynx, etc. For example, "?" and "?" imitate the shape of the tongue, "?" imitates the shape of the lips, and "?" is created to imitate the shape of the larynx. It resembles the shape of a closed throat with the base of the tongue. During pronunciation, the back of the tongue surface is against the soft palate, blocking the airflow. The tip of the tongue is pressed down, allowing the airflow to rush out through the base of the tongue and the surface of the tongue to form the sound. The shape is like the tip of the tongue pressing against the hard palate. When pronouncing, pay attention to the tip of the tongue pressing against the upper gums, blocking the airflow, and then opening the nasal passage and allowing the airflow to pass through the nasal cavity. At the same time, the tip of the tongue leaves the upper gums and vibrates the vocal cords to produce the sound. The shape is like the tip of the tongue touching the upper gums. When pronunciation, first gently press the tip of the tongue against the upper gums to stop the airflow, and then suddenly leave the upper gums with the tip of the tongue, allowing the airflow to rush out from the tip of the tongue to form the sound. The shape is similar to the tip of the tongue sound "?", and its place of pronunciation is at the tip of the tongue. When pronunciation, first move the tip of the tongue upward toward the upper gums, and then flick the tip of the tongue gently to let the air flow out from the tip of the tongue. It's shaped like a mouth, and its place of pronunciation is on the lips. When pronunciation, pay attention to first closing your mouth tightly to block the airflow, and at the same time lowering the hard palate to allow the airflow to come out of the nasal cavity, while vibrating the vocal cords and breaking the lips into a sound. The shape is like a mouth, and the key to pronunciation is on the lips. When pronouncing, the lips are tightly closed to prevent the airflow, and then the airflow is used to push the lips apart to burst into a sound. shaped like teeth. When pronunciation, the upper and lower teeth are close together to create a gap, the tip of the tongue is against the back of the lower teeth, and the front of the tongue is close to the upper palate. The airflow flows out of the tongue and sends the tongue forward, squeezing out from the gap between the front of the tongue and the hard palate. Friction produces sound. When it is placed before a vowel and in the initial position, it is not pronounced and is only used as a decoration to make the glyph look neat and beautiful. It is a fricative sound on the surface of the tongue, without aspiration, and the vocal cords do not vibrate. When pronouncing, the tip of the tongue touches the back of the lower teeth, and the front of the tongue touches the upper gums and hard palate, blocking the airflow, allowing the airflow to break through the obstruction and make a sound at the same time. The place of pronunciation is the same as the loose sound "?", except that the airflow is stronger and needs to be aspirated. The place of pronunciation is the same as the loose sound "?", except that the airflow is stronger and needs to be aspirated. The place of pronunciation is the same as the loose sound "?", except that the airflow is stronger and needs to be aspirated. The place of pronunciation is the same as the loose sound "?", except that the airflow is stronger and needs to be aspirated. The place of articulation is in the larynx. During pronunciation, the airflow is not blocked and is extruded from the glottis, causing slight friction to produce the sound. The vocal cords do not vibrate. The five sounds , ?, ?, ?, and ? are all tense sounds. The pronunciation method is the same as the corresponding loose sounds, but the articulators must be tense and the glottis is closed tightly, so that the airflow is blocked in the laryngeal cavity, and then breaks through the glottis. , causing throat squeezing.

3. End of rhyme.

All sixteen Korean consonants can be used as rhyme endings. Two different rhyme endings can be combined into double rhyme endings. There are eleven double rhyme endings in *** and twenty-seven in one ***. End of rhyme. When pronunciation, the twenty-seven rhyme endings are only pronounced as seven sounds: ?,?,?,?,?,?,?, and the remaining twenty rhyme endings must be converted into one of the seven representative sounds before being pronounced (double rhyme endings are only Pronounce one of the representative sounds). The base of the tongue is pressed against the soft palate to block the flow of air and prevent it from bursting into sounds. Press the tip of your tongue against your upper gums to allow air to escape through your nose. The tip of the tongue is pressed against the upper gums, blocking the airflow by the tip of the tongue. Press the tip of the tongue against the upper gums, allowing the airflow to escape across both sides of the tongue. , Close your lips tightly to allow airflow to escape through the nasal cavity. The lips are tightly closed, blocking the airflow. Block the airflow between the base of the tongue and the soft palate, allowing the airflow to escape through the nasal cavity.

The remaining twenty rhyme endings need some conversion with the representative sounds. ,?, ? pronounce ?. , ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ? pronounced as ?. , ? pronounced as ?.

Double rhyme endings ?,?,?,?,?,? only pronounce the left representative sound of the double rhyme ending.

The double rhyme ending ? is an exception, pronounce the ? on the right: ? step? step? step on? flat, long and wide

The double rhyme ending ?,?, A representative sound on the right side of the rhyme ending.

When the double rhyme ending ? of the predicate stem is connected with the consonant ?, the left ? is pronounced: ? Qingdi? Rarely read...

The double rhyme ending ?, ? and the consonant ?, When ? and ? are connected, only one representative sound on the left is pronounced. The ? on the right is combined with ?, ?, and ? to form an aspirated sound: ? many? not... (past continuous attributive form)? wear and tear

< p>When the double rhyme ending ?, ? is connected with the consonant ?, only one representative sound on the left is pronounced, the ? on the right is not pronounced, and the consonant ? is pronounced as a tense sound: ? Many? Don't like

Double rhyme ending ?, When ? is connected to the consonant ?, the ? on the right side is silent: ? No not? Chisel

When the double-rhyme final ?, ? is connected to the vowel, ? falls off, and ? and ? move to the back to connect with the vowel. sound. ? Many ? Not..., without... (attributive form)? Wear even if you don't like it

4. The phenomenon of phonetic change in Korean.

Korean, like American English, also has some sound changes, including legato, consonant assimilation, aspiration, falling off of rhyme endings, tense consonants, and added sounds, etc.

1. Legato.

When Korean rhyme endings (except ?, ?) are connected to the following vowels, the rhyme endings are moved to the following syllables and formed into one syllable with them. This phenomenon is called legato. The phenomenon is similar to the legato sound in American English. For example:

This

What is what

The book is Seoul

When the double rhyme endings are connected, the left ending will remain In this syllable, the final rhyme on the right is moved to the subsequent syllable and connected with it to form one syllable. Soul sitting chicken young valley licking price no

When the rhyme ending is connected to a morpheme starting with a vowel, first convert the rhyme ending into one of the seven representative sounds of the rhyme ending, and then move the representative sound to the following Syllably, it is spelled into one syllable. ? Soulless? Is it valuable?

When the rhyme endings ?, ? and the vowel ? are connected, they become ? and ?, which is called palatalization. Take it seriously

2. Consonant assimilation:

When the final rhyme is connected to the following consonant, two different or dissimilar sounds are pronounced together and become the same or similar sound.

Cut

Scratch

Close

Cook

Do you have it?

Correct

Chase

Stick, attach

Step on

Groan

Place

No? Invasion of the fireplace

Wear and tear

Drilling and licking for ten miles

3. Aspiration phenomenon:

At the end of rhymes or consonants?,?,?, When ? is connected with ?, it is shortened to the aspirated sounds ?, ?, ?, ?.

When the rhyme ending ? is connected with the consonants ?, ?, ?, it is shortened to the aspirated sound ?, ?, ?. Place well, pile up, and not wear out

When the rhyme endings ?, ?, ?, ? are connected with the consonant ?, they are shortened to the aspirated sounds ?, ?, ?, ?.

To be eaten (passive action)

To step on (to make action) Eldest brother

Let... sit down

The end of the rhyme? and the ending of the word or when the suffix ? is connected, it is not abbreviated to ?, but to ?.

Firm, solid

Being closed (passive)

Buried (passive), stained (making dynamic)

4 . The rhyme ending falls off:

When the rhyme ending ? is connected with vowels, ?, ?, ?, ?, it falls off and is not pronounced. Born (past tense attributive form) placed

piled up

Is it red? Is that so?

What if that happens?

Part of the rhyme ending? When connected with a vowel, it falls off and is not pronounced.

Get well

Pour

Underline

The rhyme ending ? is connected to the endings of words starting with ?, ?, ?, ? When the sound comes off, there is no sound.

Open

Let's play

Let's know

Pine Tree Lady's

5. Tension: Under the influence of the preceding rhyme ending, the phenomenon of loose sounds turning into tense sounds is called tightening.

When the consonant sounds ?, ?, ? are connected with the consonants ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ? are pronounced as tense sounds. According to the national law, in

Kandong contact is like

The rhyme endings ? (?), ? (?) and word endings starting with the consonants ?, ?, ? (except those expressing passive and active When the endings of words are connected together, ?, ?, ? are pronounced as tense sounds. Wear Sitting Young Weaving

In Chinese characters, when the rhymes of the preceding Chinese character are ?, ?, ?, the loose sound behind becomes a tense sound. Start, measure, moment, matter

When the attributive suffix ?/? expressing the future tense is connected with the consonants ?,?,?,?,?, ?,?,?,?,? are pronounced as tense sounds. ? What to do? ? Can do it, maybe will do it

Worry about doing it

Even if I do it

The more I do it, the more I do it

I would rather do it ...Also

Since

when the closing sounds of the word stem ?, ? are connected with the endings of words starting with the consonants ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ? are pronounced into a tight sound. Kuangdi strokes astringent

6. Addition of sound phenomenon:

In compound words, the first morpheme ends with a consonant other than ?, and the following morpheme ends with the vowels ?, ?, ? , ?, ? at the beginning, add the sound ? in the middle.

Quilts

Internal medicine

Pleuralitis

Eye health

Civics

In compound words, the first morpheme ends with the consonant ?, and the following morpheme adds the sound ?. Farm syrup syrup

The pronunciation method when the compound word has a rhyme ending? is as follows:

When two nouns are compounded into one word, the former noun modifies the latter noun. If the preceding noun is When the final syllable of the noun is an open syllable, add a ? as the final rhyme. When the final ? is connected with the consonants ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ? are pronounced into tense sounds, and the final ? falls off. Riverside, bridge of nose, sunshine

Nod, shake head

When the rhyme ending ? is connected with the consonants ? and ?, it is pronounced as ?.

Lower teeth

Mulangtai

When the final ? is connected to the vowel ?, it is pronounced as ? plus ? sound. Perilla cotyledon leaves

Pillow cover

When the endings of consonant letters are connected with vowels, the pronunciation of ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ? is special as follows: < /p>

Letters?

Letters?

Letters?

Letters?

Letters?

Letters?

Letters?

5. The separated writing method of Korean.

Korean words are the same as American English, including monosyllabic words, disyllabic words and multi-syllable words. When writing, write according to certain rules.

When writing Korean, you must follow certain rules for spacing. The rules are as follows:

Particles and auxiliary verbs are written in conjunction with the words before them. Flowers

Even flowers

Only flowers from here

Only flowers

Even flowers

It's a flower

Like a flower wherever you go

There

Far away

Only the clothes are like at home

Even if only in school

Incomplete nouns are written separately. ? .Knowledge is power. ? ? ?. I can do it too. ? . Eat as much as possible. ? . Met an acquaintance. ? ? . I know what you mean.

Nouns indicating units are written separately.

One, one car? ? One cow, one set of clothes? Ten years old, two pairs of shoes

When writing numbers, write them in units of thousands.

12? 3456? 7898 1,234,567,898

Writing used when connecting two words or enumerating. ? ? ?. There are tables, chairs, etc.

? Chairman and directors

In principle, auxiliary verbs should be written separately. ? ?. The lights went out.

? . Help mother. ? . It looks like it's going to rain. ! Just have fun! ? Give this book a try ? ? ?. He seems to be coming.

. Washed away by the river.

Written the surname and the given name, the surname and the number, etc. in succession, and write the additional titles and positions at intervals.

Kim Yang-soo

Seo Hua-tan

In principle, proper nouns other than names should be written with words separated from each other. Daehan Middle School Korea University College of Education

In principle, professional terms should be written with words separated from each other. Chronic myelogenous leukemia

? Medium-range ballistic missile

6. Korean vocabulary.

Korean vocabulary can be roughly divided into nouns, pronouns (pronouns), numerals, articles (articles), adverbs, and exclamations based on their meanings, forms, positions and functions in sentences. There are ten categories of words, particles, auxiliary verbs, verbs, and adjectives; Korean vocabulary generally has a dual system of inherent words and Chinese characters. When used specifically, some of these words are interchangeable and some are not. In addition, Korean also has loanwords. Loanwords refer to words absorbed from other languages, accounting for about 20% of the total vocabulary. With the development of science and technology and the deepening of cultural exchanges, the proportion of foreign words is increasing.

7. Korean grammar.

The grammatical structure of Korean is the subject-object-predicate (SOV) structure, which is different from the subject-predicate-object (SVO) structure of American English. Altaic languages, including Korean, are agglutinative languages. This type of language relies on a large number of rich ending changes attached to the stem to express semantic meaning, such as: ? ~~~ ~~~ ~~ ~ ~~~? Wait. In contrast, American English, Russian, etc. belong to the Indo-European language family. They are inflectional languages, relying on the inflection of the vocabulary itself to express semantic meaning, such as: picture~~pictures, go~~~went, come~~ ~coming, etc.; while Chinese belongs to the Sino-Tibetan language family and is an isolating language type, relying on word order to express semantic meaning.