How many countries are there in Africa? Be accurate! ! Tell me about their specific situation! ! Be specific! ! Thank you!

North Africa: Egypt, Libya, Sudan, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Azores (Portugal), Madeira (Portugal) (8).

East Africa: Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Djibouti, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Seychelles (10)

Central Africa: Chad, Central Africa, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Democratic Republic of Congo (Brazzaville), Sao Tome and Principe (8)

West Africa: Mauritania, Western Sahara, Senegal, Gambia, Mali, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Cape Verde, Sierra Leone, Liberia, C? te d 'Ivoire, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Niger, Canary Islands (West) (18).

South Africa: Zambia, Angola, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Mozambique, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Lesotho, Madagascar, Comoros, Mauritius, Reunion (France), Saint Helena (United Kingdom) (15).

Sudan is the largest country in Africa with a land area of 2.37 million square kilometers.

Malawi is the smallest country in Africa, with a total area of less than 200,000 square kilometers.

Please see the link for the introduction of African countries ~

Ghana country profile

Republic of Ghana (Republic of Ghana)

It covers an area of 238,537 square kilometers.

The population is 22 million (estimated in 2005), and the population growth rate is 1.36%. There are four main ethnic groups in China: Akon (52.4%), Moxi Dagomba (15.8%), ewe (1 1.9%) and Jia-Adanggebe (7.8%). The official language is English. There are also ethnic languages such as Ewe, Fanti and Hausa. 69% of the residents believe in Christianity, 15.6% in Islam and 8.5% in traditional religions.

The population of the capital Accra is about 2 million (estimated in 2005). The highest temperature is 23-31℃ (March and April) and the lowest temperature is 22-27℃ (August).

John agyekum kufuor, the head of state, was elected on June 5438, 2000 and re-elected on June 5438, 2004.

Important festival March 6: Independence Day; July 1: * * and National Day.

Located in the west of Africa, on the north bank of the Gulf of Guinea, bordering C? te d 'Ivoire in the west, Burkina Faso in the north, Togo in the east and the Atlantic Ocean in the south, the coastline is about 562 kilometers long. The coastal plain and southwest Ashanti Plateau belong to the tropical rain forest climate, while the Volta Valley and the northern plateau belong to the tropical grassland climate. April to September is the rainy season, and 1 1 is the dry season. The rainfall varies greatly from place to place, with the annual average rainfall of 2 180mm in the southwest and 1000mm in the north.

The kingdom of ancient Ghana was founded in the 3rd-4th century A.D., and its territory in present-day Mali and Burkina Faso reached its peak in A.D.10-1century. From 147 1, Portuguese, Dutch, French and British colonists invaded Ghana's coastal areas one after another, plundering gold and selling slaves. This area is called the "Gold Coast". 1897 The whole Gold Coast became a British colony. 1March 6, 957, Gold Coast became independent and renamed Ghana. "West Togo" formerly under British jurisdiction was merged into Ghana. 1960, 1 In July, Ghana was founded and remained in the Commonwealth. The first president was nkrumah. 1966 After the overthrow of the nkrumah administration, the Canadian political situation was in constant turmoil, with frequent military coups and frequent regime changes. 198 1 Since the Rollins coup took office in February, the political situation has been relatively stable following the policy of national reconciliation and economic revival. 1992 implemented a multi-party system, and Romania was elected president at the end of the same year, successfully realizing the transition from a military government to a democratically elected government. 1996 65438+Romania was re-elected as president in February. The presidential election was held in June, 5438+February, 2000, and the leader of the New Patriotic Party, Kufuor, was elected president and officially took office on1October 7, 2006.

General situation of Kenya

Republic of Kenya.

It covers an area of 582,646 square kilometers.

The population is 365,438+900,000 (2004), with a population growth rate of 2.3%. There are 42 ethnic groups in China, mainly Kikuyu (2 1%), Xia Lu (14%), Luo (13%), Kalenjin (12%) and Kangba (10). In addition, there are a few Indians, Indians, Arabs and Europeans. Swahili is the national language and English is the official language. 45% of China's population believes in Protestantism, 33% in Catholicism, 10% in Islam, and the rest in primitive religion and Hinduism.

Nairobi, the capital, has a population of about 3 million (2004). The annual average temperature is 65438 07.7℃.

The head of state, President Mwai Kibaki, took office on 30 February 2002.

National Day: 65438+February+February.

It is located in eastern Africa, with the equator running through the middle and the Great Rift Valley running through the north and south. It borders Somalia in the east, Tanzania in the south, Uganda in the west, Ethiopia and Sudan in the north and the Indian Ocean in the southeast, with a coastline of 536 kilometers. There are many plateaus in the territory, with an average elevation of1500m. The whole territory is located in the tropical monsoon region, with humid coastal areas and mild plateau climate. The annual maximum temperature is 22 ~ 26℃, and the minimum temperature is 10 ~ 14℃.

Kenya is one of the cradles of human beings, and human skull fossils about 2.5 million years ago have been unearthed in Kenya. In the 7th century, some commercial cities have been formed in the southeast coastal areas, where Arabs began to do business and settle down. /kloc-In the 6th century, Portuguese colonists occupied the coastal areas. 1890, East Africa was divided between Britain and Germany, and it was assigned to Britain. 1895, the British government declared Ken as its "East Africa Protected Area", 1920, and became a colony. 1960 In March, Kenya African National Union (hereinafter referred to as "Kenya Union") and Kenya African Democratic Union were established. 1962 In February, the Constituent Assembly of London decided to form a coalition government by the above two parties. 1963 In May, Ken held a general election and Ken Meng won. In June of the same year, an autonomous government was established on 1 day, and independence was declared on1February. 1964 12 12 Kenya was founded and remained in the Commonwealth, with jomo kenyatta as the first president. 1978 Kenyatta died of illness, and daniel arap moi succeeded him as president for 24 years.

General situation of Ethiopia

The name of the country is the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia.

Surface area 1, 10.36 million square kilometers.

The population is 77.4 million (the official figure of Egypt in 2005). The population growth rate is 2.9%. There are more than 80 ethnic groups in China, mainly Oromo (40%), Amhara (20%), Tigray (8%), Somali (6%) and Cedamo (4%). Among the residents, 45% believe in Ethiopian Orthodox Church, 40-45% believe in Islam, and a few believe in Protestantism, Catholicism and primitive religion. Amharic is the working language of the Federation and English is the common language. The main national languages are Oromo and Tigray.

Addis Ababa, the capital, has a population of more than 3 million (the official figure of Egypt in 2004). The annual average temperature 16℃ and the annual average rainfall 1237mm.

The head of state, Girma Wolde Giorgis, was elected on 8 October 2006/KLOC-0. The "Presidential Act" passed by the House of Representatives of the People's Republic of Egypt in 200 1 year1month stipulates that the president shall be a person without party affiliation, and shall not participate in political party activities after leaving office; When the president is unable to perform his duties due to death or illness, the parliament appoints an acting president.

Ardois Victory Day: March 2nd; The fall of the German Empire: May 28th; Egyptian New Year: September 1 1 (New Year).

Brief introduction of landlocked countries in northeast Africa. It borders Djibouti and Somalia in the east, Sudan in the west, Kenya in the south and Eritrea in the north. The plateau covers 2/3 of the national area, with an average elevation of nearly 3,000 meters, and is known as the "roof of Africa". The annual average temperature is 65438 03℃.

It has a history of 3000 years of civilization. Nubian kingdom was founded in the 8th century BC. The Kingdom of aksum was founded around A.D. and was replaced by the Zag Dynasty at the end of 10. /kloc-The kingdom of Abyssinia rose in the 3rd century, and/kloc-split into several principalities in the early 9th century. 1889, Sahle Miriam, King of Shao, proclaimed himself emperor, unified the whole country and made Addis Ababa its capital, laying a modern Ethiopian territory. 1890, Italy invaded, forcing Egypt to accept its "protection". 1896, Sahle Miriam was defeated by the Italian army in Aldois, and Italy was forced to recognize its independence. Haile Selassie ascended the throne on 1928, and was crowned emperor on 1930+065438+ 10. 1936, Italy invaded again, occupied the whole of Egypt, and Selassie went into exile in Britain. 194 1 year, the allied forces defeated Italy, and on May 5, Selassie returned to China to be reset. 1974 September 12, a group of young officers overthrew the Selassie regime, deposed the monarchy and set up an interim military administrative committee. 1977 In February, Lieutenant Colonel mengistu Hailemariam staged a coup and became the head of state. 1979 "Ethiopian working people's party organization Committee" was established, with military personnel as the mainstay and a one-party system. 1In September 1987, Yemen announced the end of military rule and the establishment of the Ethiopian People's Democratic Republic. 1in March, 988, a civil war broke out in Egypt. 1991On May 28th, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPDF) overthrew mengistu's regime, and a transitional government was established in July, with Meles Zenawi, chairman of EPDF, as president. The Constituent Assembly adopted a new constitution. The first multi-party election was held in May. 1995. On August 22nd, the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia was established, and Meles became the Prime Minister as the chairman of the majority party in the House of People's Representatives. After winning the two general elections in 2000 and 2005, Mei has been the prime minister ever since.

General situation of Guinea

Republic of Guinea.

It covers an area of 245,857 square kilometers.

Population 9.4 million (2005). There are more than 20 ethnic groups in China, among which Raf (also known as Boer) accounts for about 40% of the national population, Marinsh accounts for about 30%, and Susuyo accounts for 16%. The official language is French. All ethnic groups have their own languages, and the main languages are Susu, Marince and Raf (also known as Boer). About 87% of the country's residents believe in Islam, 5% believe in Catholicism and the rest believe in fetishism.

Conakry, the capital with a population of about 2 million, has a maximum temperature of 35℃ and a minimum temperature of 22℃.

The head of state, President Lansana? 1Lansana conte, who came to power on April 3, 1984, was re-elected in the presidential elections of 20031993+February,1998+February and 65438+February.

Important holiday Independence Day: 65438+10.2.

It is located in the west of Africa, bordering Guinea Bissau, Senegal and Mali in the north, C? te d 'Ivoire in the east, Sierra Leone and Liberia in the south and the Atlantic Ocean in the west. The coastline is about 352 kilometers long. Coastal areas have a tropical monsoon climate, while inland areas have a tropical grassland climate. The annual average temperature is 24 ~ 32℃.

The 9th ~15th century was a part of Ghana and Mali. /kloc-Portuguese colonists invaded in the 5th century,/kloc-0 was divided into French sphere of influence by Berlin conference in 885, and/kloc-0 was named French Guinea in 893. /kloc-Late 0/9th century, Samori? Toure established the kingdom of Urazulu and persisted in the struggle with France. At the beginning of the 20th century, Alpha? Yaya led a large-scale armed uprising against France. 1On September 28th, 958, he voted against Charles de Gaulle's Constitution in France and refused to stay in France. In the same year, 10 10 2 declared independence and established the Republic of Guinea, Segou? Toure served as president until 1984 died in March. 1April, 984, in Lansana? Conte, led by a soldier who went to school, staged a coup and announced the establishment of the second Republic of Guinea, with Conte as president. 1change of multi-party system in April, 992. 1993 the first multi-party democratic presidential election was held in 12, and conte was elected, and was re-elected in 1998 and 2003.

General situation of south Africa

The Republic of South Africa is the name of this country.

Area 12 19090 km2.

The population is 46.9 million (as of June 2005, National Bureau of Statistics of South Africa). It is divided into four major races: black, white, colored and Asian, accounting for 79.4%, 9.3%, 8.8% and 2.5% of the total population respectively. Black people mainly belong to Zulu, Xhosa, Swazi, Tswana, North Soto, South Soto, Kanga, Wenda and Ndebele, and Bantu is the main language. The whites are mainly Afrikaners of Dutch descent (about 57%) and whites of British descent (about 39%). Their languages are Afrikaans and English. Coloured people are descendants of whites, aborigines and slaves during the colonial period, and mainly use Afrikaans. Asians are mainly Indians (about 99%) and China. The official language is 1 1, and English and Afrikaans are the common languages. White people, most colored people and 60% black people believe in Protestantism or Catholicism; About 60% of Asians believe in Hinduism and 20% believe in Islam; Some black people believe in primitive religions.

Pretoria, the capital, is the administrative capital with a population of about 2 million. Cape Town is the legislative capital with a population of about 2.9 million. Bloemfontein is the judicial capital with a population of about 650,000 (according to the South African census data of 200 1).

Thabo Mbeki, head of state, took office on1June 19991June 6, and was re-elected in April 2004 until April 2009.

Chinese New Year (65438+ 10/month1); Human Rights Day (2 March1); Good Friday (Friday before Easter); Easter (the first Friday after the full moon at the vernal equinox every year to next Monday); Family Day (Monday after Easter); Freedom Day (April 27th); Labor Day (May1); Youth Day (June16); Women's Day (August 9th); Traditional festivals (September 24th); Reconciliation date (65438+February 65438+June); Christmas (65438+February 25th); Friendship Day (65438+February 26th)

It is located at the southernmost tip of the African continent, bordering Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Swaziland in the north and the Indian Ocean and Atlantic Ocean in the east, south and west. The coastline is 3000 kilometers long. Most parts of the country have a tropical grassland climate, with the highest temperature of 32-38℃ in summer and the lowest temperature of-10- 12℃ in winter.

The earliest aborigines were the San, the Kohoyi and the Bantu who moved south later. /kloc-after the 0/7th century, the Dutch and the British invaded one after another, pushing the colonies inland. /kloc-In the mid-9th century, the white rulers established four political entities: two British colonies, namely Cape and Natal; Two Boer republics, namely Transvaal Republic of South Africa and Orange Free State. 1899- 1902 the Ying Bu war ended in the hard-won victory of the British army. 19 10, the four regimes merged into the "south African Federation" and became a self-governing territory of Britain. The South African authorities have long pursued a policy of racial discrimination and apartheid in China through legislative and administrative means. 1948 after the Kuomintang came to power, it fully implemented the apartheid system and suppressed the resistance struggle of the South African people, which was condemned and sanctioned by the international community. 1961may 3 1 day left the Commonwealth and established the Republic of South Africa. 1989, after de Klerk became the leader and chairman of the Kuomintang, he carried out political reforms, lifted the ban on black liberation organizations and released Mandela and others. 199 1 year, the ANC, the South African government, the Kuomintang and other parties 19 held multi-party negotiations on a political solution to the South African issue, and reached an agreement on political transition arrangements in 1993. 65438+1April-May, 1994, South Africa held its first non-racial general election. The tripartite alliance led by the ANC, the South African Production Party and the South African Trade Union Congress won with a majority of 62.65%. Mandela became the first black president of South Africa, and the ANC, the Kuomintang and the Inkata Liberal Party formed a government of national unity.

General situation of Zambia

Republic of Zambia (Zambia).

It covers an area of 7526 14 km2 (source: official website).

Population10.55 million (2005), most of them belong to Bantu nationality. There are 73 ethnic groups, of which Tong Jia ethnic group accounts for 65,438+02% of the national population, Pemba ethnic group accounts for 8%, and Lodz ethnic group accounts for 6%. The official language is English, and there are 3 1 national languages. 30% people believe in Christianity and Catholicism, and most rural residents are primitive religions.

The population of Lusaka, the capital, is1100,000. Average altitude1265m, hottest month 10, average daily maximum temperature 3 1℃, minimum temperature 18℃. July is the coolest month, with an average daily maximum temperature of 23℃ and a minimum temperature of 9℃.

Head of State levy patrick mwanawasa took office on June 2, 2002.

Important festivals: Youth Day: March 12, 13. Africa Liberation Day: May 25th. Independence Day: 65438+1October 24th.

The landlocked countries in south-central Africa are bordered by Malawi and Mozambique in the east, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Namibia in the south, Angola in the west and Congo (DRC) and Tanzania in the north. The altitude of most areas is1000 ~1500m. It has a savanna climate, with a dry and cool season from May to August and a temperature of 15 ~ 27℃, a dry and hot season from September to165438+1October and a rainy season from 12 to April of the following year. The annual average temperature is 265438 0℃.

In the 9th century, Zambia established tribal kingdoms such as Balu, Ronda, Kalolo and Baroz. From 1889 to 1900, the "British South Africa Company" established by British Rhodes gradually controlled the eastern and northeastern regions. 19 1 1 year, Britain merged the above two areas and named them "Northern Rhodesia Reserve" after Rhode Island. 1924, the British government took over the administrative jurisdiction of northern Rhodesia and sent the governor to rule directly. 1964 65438+ 10, northern rhodesia realized internal autonomy, and in the same year124/0/0 officially declared independence, with the name Zambia * * * and remained in the Commonwealth. Kaunda was the first president. 199 1 year 1 1 month, Chiluba, leader of the multi-party democratic movement, was elected president and was re-elected in 1996 1 1 month.

General situation of Tanzania

United Republic of Tanzania

It covers an area of 945,087 square kilometers, including 2,657 square kilometers in Zanzibar Island.

The population is 37 million, of which Zanzibar is nearly 1 10000 (estimated in 2004). Sukuma, Nyamvich, Chaga, Hehe, Makandi, Haya and other ethnic groups belong to 126 ethnic groups, with a population of more than10 million. There are also some Arabs, Indians, Indians and Europeans. Swahili is the national language and the official lingua franca together with English. Among the residents of Tanganyika (mainland), 35% believe in Catholicism and Christianity, 45% believe in Islam, and the rest believe in primitive fetishism. 99% of Zanzibar residents believe in Islam.

Dar es Salaam, the capital, has a population of 3 million (in 2004), with an annual average temperature of 25.8℃. Dodoma, the new capital, is still under construction, with a population of 65438+700,000 (2002).

Tanzanian Head of State and President of the United Republic of Tanzania jakaya mrisho kikwete was elected in February 2005.

Important Festival Tanzania National Day, also known as Tanganyika and Zanzibar Joint Day: April 26th.

This profile is located in eastern Africa, south of the equator. It borders Kenya and Uganda in the north, Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique in the south, Rwanda, Burundi and Congo (DRC) in the west and the Indian Ocean in the east. The coastline of the mainland is 840 kilometers long. The eastern coastal areas and inland lowlands have a tropical grassland climate, while the western inland plateau has a tropical mountain climate. The average temperature in most areas is 2 1 ~ 25℃. More than 20 islands in Zanzibar have a tropical maritime climate, which is hot and humid all year round, with an average annual temperature of 26℃.

One of the cradles of ancient humans. BC had trade with Arabia, Persia and India. In the 7th and 8th centuries, Arabs and Persians moved in in large numbers. The Arabs established the Islamic Kingdom at the end of 10. 1886, the interior of Tanganyika was placed under the German sphere of influence. 191765438+10, the British army occupied the whole of Tanzania. 1920, Tanzania became the "mandated territory" of Britain. 1946, the United nations general assembly passed a resolution to change Tanzania to Britain. " Zanzibar became a British "protectorate" on 1890, gained autonomy on June 24, 1963, and declared its independence on February 10 of the same year, becoming a constitutional monarchy ruled by Sudan. 1964 65438+ 10/0/2. The San people overthrew the rule of Sudan and established the People's Republic of Zanzibar. 1On April 26th, 964, Tanganyika and Zanzibar formed the United Republic of Tanzania. 19851October 29th, renamed the United Republic of Tanzania, with julius kambarage nyerere as the founding president. He was re-elected twice until he voluntarily resigned. In the same year1October 27th, 1990, Mwenyi was elected as the fourth president of the Republic of China. 1June 65438+1October, 1995, Tanzania held its first multi-party election. Mkapa was elected President of the United Republic, and Salemin was re-elected President of Zanzibar by a narrow margin. In June 5438 +2000 10, Mkapa was re-elected as the President of the United Republic, and Karume, the candidate of the Revolutionary Party, was elected as the President of Zanzibar. From June 5438 to February 2005, Kikwete was elected President of the United Republic of China, and Karume was re-elected President of Sang.

General situation in Mali

Republic of Mali.

Area 124 1238 km2.

The population is13.52 million (2005). There are 23 ethnic groups in China, mainly Bambara (accounting for 34% of the national population), Boer (1 1%), Senuf (9%) and Sarakol (8%). All ethnic groups have their own languages. The official language is French, and Bambara is widely used (written in 1972). 80% of the residents believe in Islam, 18% in traditional fetishism, and 2% in Catholicism and Protestantism.

Bamako, the capital, population 65,438+0,297,000 (2005); The highest temperature is in April, with an average of 34 ~ 39℃, and the lowest temperature is in June, with an average of 5438+ 10, with an average of 16 ~ 33℃.

The Head of State, President Amadou Toumani Toure. He was elected on May 28th, 2002 and sworn in on June 8th.

Independence Day: September 22nd.

It is located on the southern edge of the Sahara Desert in western Africa, bordering Mauritania and Senegal in the west, Algeria and Niger in the north and east, and Guinea, C? te d 'Ivoire and Burkina Faso in the south. It is a landlocked country. The north has a tropical desert climate, which is dry and hot. The central and southern regions have a savanna climate. The whole year is divided into three seasons: March-May is the hot season, 6- 10 is the rainy season, and11-February is the cool season. The highest temperature in hot season is 50℃, and the lowest temperature in cool season is 14℃.

Historically, it was the center of Ghana Empire, Mali Empire and Sanghai Empire. 1895 became a French colony. 1May, 958, became an "autonomous republic" within "France * * * isomorphism". 1April, 959, and Senegal formed the Federation of Mali. 1960 On September 22nd, Modibo Keta was elected as the first president. 10, Moussa Traoré came to power through a coup. 1991March, Amadou Toumani Toure staged a coup and established a military transitional regime. 1992 65438+ 10, the new constitution was adopted by referendum. In April, a national election was held, and arfa omar Konare was elected as the candidate of the African Unity and Justice Party (hereinafter referred to as the Justice Party). In June, he was sworn in and the Third Republic was established. 1in may 1997, konare was re-elected as president. In May 2002, Toure, the leader of the former military regime, was elected president as an independent candidate.