What are the rhetorical devices commonly used in narrative? Give an example respectively.

Rhetoric and its expressive function: 1. Knowledge combs the rhetoric of metaphor, parallelism, exaggeration, personification, repetition, duality, quotation, comparison, rhetorical questions and their expressive functions: 1, [metaphor] (simile, metaphor, borrowing) (definition): when describing things or explaining reasons, analogy is made with other similar things or reasons. (Function): Using metaphors to describe or render the characteristics of things can make things vivid, concrete and impressive. Expressing profound truth with simple and common things can help people understand it deeply, clarify it with metaphors, and make it easy to understand and visualize the language. The leaves are high out of the water, like an elegant dancer's skirt. 2. [personification] (definition): write things as adults and give things human actions or thoughts and feelings. (Function): Personalize specific things and visualize the language. For example, oil flies sing here and crickets play the piano here. 3. [exaggeration] (definition): deliberately exaggerating objective things to emphasize or highlight the characteristics of a certain aspect of things and express some strong thoughts and feelings. (Function): Reveal the essence of things, set off the atmosphere, strengthen the rendering power, and cause the association effect. As white hair three thousands of feet, sorrow like a beard. 4. [Duality] (Definition): Two phrases or sentences with the same or similar structure, equal number of words and related meanings are arranged in pairs. (Function): Regular form, symmetrical structure, strong sense of rhythm, high generalization, eye-catching, fluent reading, pleasant voice, easy to remember and memorize. For example, the reeds on the wall are top-heavy and shallow; Bamboo shoots in the mountains have a thick mouth and an empty stomach. 5. [Parallelism] (Definition): A rhetorical way to compare three or more phrases or sentences with the same or similar structure, related content and consistent tone, so as to enhance the language situation and deepen feelings. (Function): Parallelism often gives people a sense of unity, a strong sense of rhythm, enhances the language momentum and strengthens the expression effect, and is often used for reasoning or lyricism. Using parallelism reasoning can explain the argument more strictly and thoroughly; Using parallelism to express emotions can express emotions incisively and vividly. For example, their quality is so pure and noble, their will is so tough and strong, their temperament is so simple and humble, and their mind is so beautiful and broad. 6. [Repetition] (Definition): In order to emphasize a certain meaning and highlight a certain feeling, some words or sentences are deliberately used repeatedly. (Classification): continuous repetition and interval repetition. (Function): Highlight thoughts, emphasize feelings, distinguish levels, and strengthen the sense of rhythm. The application of repetition in reasoning and narration can strengthen the argument and distinguish the order; The application of repetition in literary works, especially poetry, can express strong and profound thoughts and feelings, and play a role in emphasizing the theme and enhancing the aesthetic feeling of melody. For example, silence, silence, does not break out in silence, it will perish in silence. 7. [Question] (Definition): Ask yourself and answer yourself to attract readers' attention and thinking. (Function): Remind attention, guide thinking, highlight some contents, and make the article change and have waves. Who created the human world? It's us working people. 8. [rhetorical question] (definition): express a certain meaning in the form of a question, only ask without answering. (Function): Enhance the tone. For example, the water is rippling and warblers are flying around. Who can say it is not beautiful? 9. [Contrast] (Definition): Also called contrast, it is to compare two things or two aspects of a thing. (Function): One of the outstanding things or features. (The object that the author wants to express. Contrast plays an important role in writing skills and can be understood in combination with writing. Nine commonly used rhetorical methods: ① Metaphor-making the language vivid and adding color to it. (2) personification-writing things into adults makes the language vivid. 3 exaggeration-highlight something or emphasize a feeling. (4) parallelism-enhance the language momentum and strengthen the expression effect. ⑤ Duality-make the language concise and neat. ⑥ Citation-enhance the language persuasiveness. ⑦ Ask questions-arouse readers' attention and thinking. ⑧ rhetorical question-plays an emphasis role and enhances the positive (negative) tone. Pet-name ruby contrast-highlight one of the things or characteristics. First of all, according to the details of narrative, narrative methods can be divided into general narrative and detailed narrative. What is the summary method? Abbreviation means generalization compared with detailed writing, which is a rough description of someone, something, a scene, a certain appearance, a certain variety and a certain emotion. Some people call it "talking from class". This narrative should revolve around a center. The wider and simpler, the better. What is fine narrative? Detail narration is a detailed and concrete narration of character events, which is also called detail narration compared with general narration. Its function is to make readers know more about the complex situation and tortuous process of things through detailed and concrete narration, thus causing concern, sympathy or * * *. Secondly, according to the order of narration, narration can be divided into direct narration, flashback, interpolation and flat narration. (1) Time sequence method is to reflect the experiences and events of characters in time sequence, which is a very common narrative method. Reflecting the stories of people's events in chronological order, it is easy to determine the center and pattern of the article, arrange materials, write more conveniently, have clear eyes, have distinct levels, make sense, coordinate the momentum of the article, and conform to the law of people's understanding of things. Many famous works in literary history, such as The Peach Blossom Garden, have adopted this narrative method. (2) Flashback method refers to bringing the dramatic climax or ending of a character event to the beginning of the article, resulting in a sense of surprise. Then, reveal the reason and process of this climax or ending step by step. So flashback is not flashback, nor is it reverse reasoning. To some extent, flashback is actually a variation of order. For example, Lu Xun's works such as Blessing and Mourning for the Past are generally written in flashback. Xianglinsao's tragic life, Zijun's love tragedy and Juansheng's works all tell readers the final ending of the characters at the beginning, and then unfold the experiences of the characters layer by layer, so that readers can see the social roots of these tragedies and the ideological reasons of the characters themselves, thus inspiring people to pursue a reasonable life. (3) Insertion means inserting some introductions to explain some relationships or contradictions in the proper places of the original narrative clues of character events. The function of narration is to enhance readers' understanding of the development of character events. In addition, this interruption or stop also adapts to the readers' psychology and makes them feel relaxed and lively. . In Lu Xun's Hometown, when "I" and "Mother" talked about moistening the soil, they inserted a fragment of my friendship with the teenager moistening the soil, which is an example of retrospective narration. For example, those fragments that supplement and explain the above and explain the following are customarily called supplementary narratives. This kind of writing generally does not develop the plot, but only supplements the deficiency of the original narrative and enriches the content of the original narrative. There is also a special narrative, which is retrograde, that is, from near to far, from today to ancient times. Some people call this interpolation inverse narration. (4) Pingwei. Describing two (or more) things that happen at the same time is called straightforward narration. (The ancients called it "two flowers bloom, each showing a branch") This narrative method can describe one thing first and then another; It can also be carried out in parallel and cross. The former, as far as everything is concerned, is a direct narrative, and from the perspective of the relationship between the two, it is a flat narrative. The latter is closely intertwined, starting and entering. The narration of "two flowers bloom, one for each table" is relatively common. As long as the concept of time is emphasized, the necessary care is taken at the beginning and the end. In addition, the narrative methods of narrative texts also include combination narrative method and separation narrative method. References:

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