Appreciation of the Original Prose Zhuangzi Jean Wang in Pre-Qin Period (Excerpt)

Appreciation of the Original Prose Zhuangzi Jean Wang in Pre-Qin Period (Excerpt)

Ziliezi is poor and looks hungry. The guest has something to say to Zheng Ziyang: "Lieyukou, a man with a way, your country is poor, are you a bad person?" Zheng Ziyang is the official millet. Ziliezi saw the messenger and said goodbye. When the messenger went, Ziliezi went in, and his wife saw it, she said, "I heard that the wives of people who have a way are all happy, and now they are all hungry." Wouldn't it be evil if you gave it to your husband and he didn't accept it? "My son smiled and said," you don't know me. Send me with the words of men, and I will make amends with the words of men. That's why I don't accept it. "Its pawn (1 1), the people are hard to kill Ziyang.

Note (1) Liezi: Lieyukou, see the note of Xiaoyao Tour. ② Ziyang: It is the phase of Zheng Guo. 3 good (loud sound consumption): hobby, attention. 4 Legacy (Wei Phoneme): Gift. ⑤ Remarks: politely decline, not accept. ⑥ Worrying: Touch your heart with your hand and describe the appearance of regret; Futong. ⑦ Joy: Comfort and happiness. Hey, Yi Tong. Guo: I have been there, which means I know. 9. rely on, according to. (10) Crime: punishment. (1 1) His pawn: Jude came later.

Liezi lives in poverty and looks hungry. A guest said to Zheng Xiang Ziyang, "Lieyukou is a man with a way. Living in your country and living in poverty, don't you become a person who doesn't like wise men? " Ziyang sent officials to deliver meals to Liezi. Liezi met the emissary, but declined politely again and again. Liezi walked into the room after the messenger left. His wife looked at him and stroked his chest and said, "I heard that virtuous wives can get ease and happiness, but now they look hungry." Zheng Xiang sent someone to deliver food to Mr. Wang, but Mr. Wang didn't accept it. Isn't this fate? Liezi smiled and said to his wife, "Zheng Xiang doesn't really know me himself. When he listens to others and gives me food, when he wants to blame me, he will listen to others, which is why I don't accept food. "Then people really make up and kill Ziyang.

Comment on Lin Qingyun-ming's Zhuangzi karma: "Words and admonitions are like a national policy."

King Zhao and Chu lost his country, and Tu Youyou said he would follow King Zhao Yu. Wang Zhao betrayed his country and said that he would reward followers and slaughter sheep. Tu Yang said, "Your majesty lost his country and said he lost his sheep. The king is anti-state, saying that he is also anti-slaughtering sheep. I have resumed my knighthood. What is the reward? " The king said, "Strong is five." Tu Yang said, "Your majesty's loss of the country is not a minister's crime, so he dare not punish him." The king's rebellion was not the work of the minister and he dared not reward him. "The king said," see! Tu Yang said: "The laws of Chu must have great achievements to see. Today, my knowledge is not enough to save the country, and my courage is not enough to die. When Wu Jun entered Ying, he said that he was afraid of difficulties and could not avoid the enemy, so he followed the King (1 1). Today, the king wants to abolish the law and break the contract, saying that this is not the reason why I am famous all over the world. " The king called Sima Ziqi and said, "Tu Yang said that he lives in a humble place, but Chen Yi is very high (12), and Zi Qi extended him to a third-class position for me (13). "Tu Yang said," I know that the position of a husband is more expensive than that of a butcher who sells sheep (14); Lu Zhi (15), I know it is rich in the benefits of slaughtering sheep; However, is it possible that insatiable greed has given my king the name of recklessness (16)! If you dare not say, you are willing to return to my career of slaughtering sheep. "Therefore, I am not dominated by it.

Note 1 Wang Zhao: Ming Zhen, son of King Chu Ping. (2) The theory of slaughtering sheep (Xue) is a man who is famous for slaughtering sheep. (3) Anti-state: Returning to Chu, which means recovering territory. 4 Jue Lu: refers to the sheep slaughtering industry; Reply, resume. ⑤ Strong: It means forcing the slaughtered sheep to say that they accept the reward. 6 Fuqizhu: Fufa was killed. ⑦ When: Accept, accept. Meet him: Let him meet me. 9 know: Tongzhi; Killing kou is killing the enemy. Attending: The capital of Chu, near Jiangling, Hubei. (1 1) Therefore: intentionally, intentionally. (12) Chen Yi: State the facts. (13) extension: engagement; Three floors, three floors. (14) IV: Shops, here refers to the sheep slaughtering industry. (15) 10,000 minutes salary: refers to generous salary; Clock, an ancient measuring instrument, is made of ten pots. (16) Illegal giving: it refers to giving rewards at random regardless of national laws.

Today, King Chu Zhao lost his country and his position. Tu said that he fled with King Chu Zhao. Zhao Haoqi returned to Chu, gave a bounty to those who fled with him, and gave it to Tu Yang. Tu Yang said, "Your majesty lost his country, and I lost my job of slaughtering sheep." When the King returned to Chu, I also resumed my career of slaughtering sheep. My title was restored. There is nothing to reward! "Zhao Haoqi said," forced him to accept. "Tu Yang said:" Your majesty's loss of the country is not my fault, so he dare not punish the law; "It's not my fault that the king rebelled, so I dare not accept the reward." Zhao Haoqi said, "Let him come to see me." Tu Yang said: "According to the laws and regulations of the State of Chu, you must make great contributions and get rich rewards before you can be seen by the king. Now my wisdom is not enough to defend the country and my courage is not enough to kill the enemy. When Wu Jun invaded Du Ying, I was afraid of disaster. I left to avoid the enemy, but I didn't mean to follow the king. Now the king is going to break the law and come to see me. I have never heard of this practice in the world. " Zhao Haoqi said to Sima Ziqing: "Tu Yang said that his position was low, but the truth he said was so high. Please hire him for me. " Tu Yang said: "I know that the status of Sangong is much more noble than that of slaughtering sheep;" I also know that the salary of 10 thousand bells is much higher than the profit of slaughtering sheep; However, how can I covet the aristocratic salary that is enough to make our monarch have the reputation of excessive reward! I really dare not. I just hope to resume my career of slaughtering sheep. "I finally didn't accept it.

Comment on Qing Liu Feng Bao's "South China Snow Heart": "Each loses what he has lost, and each is the opposite. There is no connection between the two, and the language is extremely dull. "

There is also: "the sentence' the title of a minister' is a witty explanation. Juelu still keeps his promise. His words paid off. "

And: "I used to take refuge at home, not from a dead minister." The more I say it, the more sincere I am. "

He also said, "One meaning changes endlessly, and the wording is graceful and wonderful. It is not the tone of the debater, but it shows that Chen Yi is very tall. "

Yuanxian Julu (1), Huanqiang Room (2) and Zhongcaozhong (3); Penghu couldn't finish (4), Sanghu thought it was a pivot and an urn (5), while the second room thought it was a plug (6); Upper leakage and lower wetness, string 7. Zi Gong took a big horse to see Yuan Xian, but he won in the middle, and the car was not allowed to go to the lane. Yuanxian Huaguan walks vertically (1 1) and answers the door with a stick (12). Zi Gong said, "Hey, what happened to your husband?" Yuan Xian replied: "I heard that if you have no money, you will be poor, and if you study, you will get sick. Today, I am in poor health and not sick. " Zi Gong wandered around in shame (13). Yuan Xian said with a smile, "Fu Zhixing (14) is better than Zhou Youxing (15), learning to be a person, teaching to be a person, caring for righteousness (16) and decorating horses (17), which is unbearable for the constitution."

Note ① Yuanxian: a disciple of Confucius, whose surname is Si, and whose word is Xian. ② Ring blockage: all four walls are one foot; Block, a ten-foot wall. 3 Potts: build a house with grass; There is no dried grass.

(4) Penghu: a door woven with Cao Peng; Endlessness means wear and tear; It's done, it's done. ⑤ Mulberry: Mulberry strips; Pivot, the axis of rotation of the portal; Xuan (voice), window. 6 brown: short clothes made of coarse cloth, which refers to rags and rags here; Jam up, jam up. ⑦ Sit down: Sit up straight; Strings, playing the piano, singing. ⑧ Zi Gong: a disciple of Confucius, given by name. ⑨ ⒄: cyan; Plain color, white. ⑩ Xuanche: Ancient chariots and horses used by nobles above doctoral level. (1 1) Crown: a hat made of birch bark; Easy (yin) shoes, open-heeled shoes. (12) Chenopodium album: a crutch made of Chenopodium album; Rod or column; Answer the door. (13) Hovering: Hesitant, flinching. (14) Xi Shi: Keep up with the times. (15) Bizhou: He has a close relationship with people with similar smells, and has the intention of forming a party for personal gain; Than, near; Cho, he. (16) Yi (Teyinte): evil. (17) in: car; Decoration, decoration.

Yuan Xian lives in Lu. His house is simple and narrow, and the roof is covered with newly cut grass. The door woven with loose grass is very damaged, with mulberry as the door axis and broken urn as the window, and rags are used to plug the loopholes in the two rooms; It rained all night, and the underground was wet. Yuan Xian sat in the house, playing strings and singing. Zi Gong rode a burly horse, wearing a blue-red coat and a white coat. The tall car couldn't get into the narrow alley, so he came to visit Yuan Xian. Yuan Xian came to open the door wearing a hat made of birch bark, shoes showing his heels and crutches made of quinoa. Zi Gong said, "Oh, why is Mr. Wang in such trouble?" Yuan Xian replied: "I heard that the poor who have no money are poor, and those who can't learn complain. Now I am poor, not distressed. " Zi Gong felt uneasy at Yuan Xian's words and was ashamed. Yuan Xian smiled and said, "Follow the world, follow the wind and make friends. What I've learned is to make people pay attention. What I have taught is to make myself famous, do evil in the name of benevolence and righteousness, and show off a luxury car. This is what I don't want to do. "

Comment on Lu Qing Shu Zhi's Zhuang Zi Xue: "The number of words is like Confucianism."

Ceng Zi lives in the guard, his robe has lost its appearance, its color is swollen, and his hands and feet are calluses. No ignition for three days, no clothes for ten years. If you are crowned and fringed, you will never see it. If you catch it, you will see it. If you are satisfied, there will be results. Dragging the song "Ode to Shang" 9, the sound is all over the sky, if it is a stone. An emperor can't be a minister, and a vassal can't be a friend. Therefore, those who cultivate records forget their form, those who cultivate their form forget their benefits, and those who teach the Tao forget their hearts. "

Note 1 Ceng Zi: Zeng Shen, a disciple of Confucius; Wei, defend the country. (2) Yun Yun robe: a robe made of tangled linen; There is no watch, which means that the robe is tattered and the lining is exposed. ③ Swelling: edema; Open (loss), rotten. 4 calluses: commonly known as calluses. ⑤ No fire: refers to cooking without fire. 6 tassels: the rope that fastens the hat; Never, never. 7 mention: pull the skirt; Look, now. 8 na: enter, which means wear here; Heel crack, heel crack. 9 drag: drag; Longitudinal (xi tone washing), silk tied hair; Ode to Shang is a part of the Book of Songs.

Ceng Zi, who lives in Weiguo, wears a robe made of tangled flocs. He is in rags and can't tell the difference between inside and outside. His face is swollen badly, and his palms and soles are covered with calluses. I didn't make a fire for three days and didn't add new clothes for ten years. As soon as I put on my hat, the rope that tied it broke. As soon as the skirt is pulled, the elbows are exposed, and as soon as the shoes are put on, the heels crack. He dragged his hair band and sang "Ode to Shang". His voice was loud and full of heaven and earth, as if it were a musical instrument made of stone. The emperor can't make him a vassal, and the vassal can't make friends with him. Therefore, people who pay attention to spiritual cultivation forget their health, people who pay attention to fitness forget their wealth, and people who are committed to the avenue forget their scheming.

Comment on Qing Xuan Ying's Interpretation of Southern Classics: "Wonderful Description."

Qing Hu Wenying's Zhuangzi Lonely View: "This paragraph seems chaotic, but in fact it is rambling, floating in size and self-contained."

Qing Liu Feng Bao's South China Snow Heart: "It is extraordinary to describe poverty and happiness."

In the above four sections, the stories of Liezi, Tu Yangshuo, Yuan Zhen, Ceng Zi, etc. Used to explain that a person can only stay healthy if he lives in poverty, enjoys happiness and is not tempted by wealth, fame and wealth. These four characters are similar in thought, but when describing, the author can grasp everyone's personality characteristics and show them, so that everyone has his own style. For example, Liezi's wisdom and agility, the simplicity and directness of slaughtering sheep, Yuan Zhen's ambition and Ceng Zi's extraordinary free and easy are all lifelike.

Sun Yat-sen's son said, "I am above the rivers and seas, but my heart is below Wei Que. What can I do? " Zhanzi said, "Rebirth. Rebirth is light. " Sun Yat-sen's son, Mou, said, "Although I know, I didn't win." Zhan said, "You can't win by yourself, but you should follow ⑦. God is not evil." ? Those who can't win but can't keep up are called serious injuries. People who are seriously injured have no life expectancy. Pet-name ruby "son of MouWei, Wan Cheng also attending; It is hidden in rocks (1 1), which is very difficult for people who wear clothes (12). Although it is not the right way, it can be said that it is intentional.

Note 1 Zhongshan Gongzi Mou: Wei Gong, Ming Mou, sealed in Zhongshan; Wei Zhisheng Zhanzi. ② Jianghai: refers to the place where hermits live. 3 Wei Que: the gate of the majestic palace, which means the imperial court. 4 rebirth: value the way of health care. 5 profit and weakness: look down on fame and fortune. 6 victory: restraint. All landowners from: vertical, indulgence, laissez-faire. 8 evil: disgust, boredom. Pet-name ruby: people who don't live long. 10,000 chariots: 10,000 chariots refer to big countries. (1 1) Cave: refers to the place where hermits live in seclusion. (12) Buyi: ordinary people.

Wei Gongzi Mou said to Zhan Zi, "Although I live in seclusion in Jianghu, I often miss the imperial court in my heart. What should I do? " Zhanzi said: "Pay attention to the way of keeping in good health. If you value health care, you can look down on fame and fortune. " "I know this, but I can't help it," said the son. Kanko said, "If you can't control yourself, you can let yourself go. In this way, will you still be mentally bored? " You can't restrain yourself but force yourself to restrain yourself. This is called double harm. People with double injuries will not be able to enter the longevity list. "Mou Wei, the son of a big country, lives in seclusion in a cave, which is hard to compare with the hermits among ordinary people. Although he has not yet reached the realm of Tao, he can also be said to have such a mind.

Qing Liu Feng Bao's Commentary on South China's Snow Heart: "Serving its gods and restraining its anger will surely boost its vitality, just as people are in heaven. Issuing a danger statement is a double vigilance method. "

This paragraph of the general case shows that health preservation and monasticism cannot be achieved overnight, and it needs to go through a process of self-cultivation that gradually abandons wealth. If you are eager to achieve success, you will not only fail to achieve the purpose of health and monasticism, but also double your life.