How to write poetry appreciation? How to write well?

Example 1: A spring outing with Lu Cheng in Jinling (Tang Dynasty), only vagrants can come, Du, and new beauty will always shock you. The bright sun on the sea is about to rise, and Jiangnan in the south of the Yangtze River is reviving. Warm spring urges warblers to sing, and duckweed in the clear sun is dark in color. Suddenly an old song played, and I was homesick. Appreciate that this is a harmonious poem. The poet was excited by things and wrote about the injury that he could not go back to his hometown because of official travel. At the beginning of the poem, I expressed my feelings, indicating that I was surprised by the "phenology" of a foreign land when I left my hometown for a business trip. In this "unique" and "biased" emphasis tone, the poet's ambivalent mood of official travel to the south of the Yangtze River is vividly displayed. The second couplet in the middle is devoted to the feeling of "shocking new": the sun rises from the eastern sea in the morning, the clouds shine in the morning, and the glow is brilliant and colorful; In early spring in Jiangnan, plum blossoms bloom on the branches. This spring has gradually moved from Jiangnan to Jiangbei, and the willows have spit out new buds. The fresh and warm air makes Huang sing softly, and the bright sunshine makes the apple grass green. These four sentences describe the changes of the early spring scenery, such as the morning glow, plum blossoms, yellow birds and green apples, vividly show the beautiful scenery of Jiangnan in spring, and also contain nostalgia for the hometown of the Central Plains, which is consistent with the ambivalence of the first couplet and naturally turns to the last couplet, telling the original intention of hurting spring-remembering the homeland of the Central Plains and pointing out the theme of homesickness. The whole poem uses anthropomorphic techniques to write the early spring scenery in Jiangnan, which is picturesque. How much wine is there in the tourists' boat? In the boat, the spring sand is put at the stern. Just when the stream is poor, there are bitter orange blossoms all over the mountains. The appreciation of this poem is very special. The title is "A visitor from a boat", but it doesn't directly say "guest" or how to "visit". But every sentence in the poem is related to the topic and is a scene hint. The sentence "How much wine is there on board" implies that the guests on board are receiving visiting poets with wine; "How much wine" implies that they drank pot after pot, raised their glasses to catch up, and were in high spirits. The second sentence "spring sand at the stern" implies that the ship is sailing along the spring of a mountain stream, and the people on board forget everything because of drinking and chatting, so that the stern hits the beach and runs aground. At this time, the people on board will naturally visit in horror, suddenly look up and be surprised, because they find a rare and wonderful scene in front of them: "The stream is poor and the mountains are blooming"-unconsciously, the boat has reached the end of that remote mountain stream; It is surrounded by mountains, and bitter orange blossoms are everywhere. This is the leisure of visiting friends, but also the unexpected harvest of visiting friends. This poem is fresh and unique, and cleverly describes the scene to set off and imply the dynamic features of the characters, meaning to hide the scenery and aftertaste. Structurally, it rises suddenly and stops abruptly, but there are ups and downs in the middle. Although there are only 20 words, "from beginning to end" means "the smaller, the bigger and the slower" (Wang Shizhen's Yi Yan Yuan Yan in Ming Dynasty, Volume I). 1. The stage of ancient poetry appreciation:

Poetry is composed of images and artistic conception, and then poetry is reflected through artistic conception. Image is the foundation of poetry, artistic conception is the picture of poetry and poetry is poetry.

Connotation. To appreciate a poem, we must first analyze the artistic conception from the image, and then experience the poetry from the artistic conception.

"Image-artistic conception-poetry" is a reasonable process of appreciating ancient poetry from part to whole, which cannot be reversed. It can be seen that: ① Read the whole poem (silently during the examination)-② Feel the image depicted in the poem (by understanding the language)-③ Understand the image and artistic conception-④ Then understand the image and make a * * * sound with it, and experience the poetry-⑤ Feel and evaluate the aesthetic value of the image (that is, the theme and social significance of the work, etc.). ) ——

To sum up: first make clear what you wrote, then figure out how to write it, and finally understand why you wrote it. Only by reading aloud (silently), observing works deeply and appreciating ancient poems can we have the right direction. On the contrary, it is possible to step into a misunderstanding.

2. The conditions for the appreciation of ancient poetry.

To understand ancient poetry, we should also "discuss poetry by knowing people" and make full use of known conditions to understand and master the poet's experience and style; We should make full use of association and imagination to restore the picture depicted in the poem; Only by grasping the main features of poetry can we grasp the main idea of poetry; Deliberate the title of poetry in order to understand the meaning of poetry; Use the genre of ancient poetry to seek the relevance of appreciation; We should also pay special attention to the methods of reposing classical poetry (expressing the meaning of things, expressing the meaning of things, saying nothing), the fine structural model (connecting the preceding with the following), and so on.

Pay special attention to answering strategies when answering poetry appreciation questions. Mainly includes:

(1) Know people and discuss the world, and judge the characteristics.

(2) According to the topic, highlight the stylistic features. The imagery and lyricism of poetry should be expressed through various artistic techniques. When answering questions, we should grasp the characteristics of poetry itself and grasp its artistic skills according to the requirements.

(3) Answer the questions point by point, and give examples after the points.

(4) On poetry, there are no branches and no vines. The appreciation of poetry in college entrance examination emphasizes the understanding of poetry itself, and there is generally no need to quote classics or compare other works when answering questions.

(5) Proper use of literary criticism language. Common literary criticism languages, such as "I am", "I am not", "Everything is my color with me", "There are endless words" and "There are endless words", can make the answers look better if used properly.

(6) Answering the questions of ancient poetry appreciation should be "different from topic to topic".

For "question-and-answer" questions, do "what to ask, what to answer; Give what you want. "

For the "summary" test questions, you can generally use the "total-sub-total" model, that is, you can use "what is written in the poem-how to write it-the benefits of writing it this way" to answer questions. Specifically, it is as follows: ① Summarize the characteristics of poetry (express one's own aesthetic views with judgment sentences). (2) According to the requirements of the examination questions, the aesthetic characteristics are proved by the analysis of poems. (3) Reveal the benefits of the poem written in this way.

For the "comparative" test questions, we should do this: ① By studying two poems, compare their similarities and differences. (2) According to the requirements of the topic, buckle the words in the work to analyze and elaborate.

Answering the question "What is the theme of the poem" can often be used in such an expression procedure: this poem uses (some) expression (rhetoric or expression), writes (some) characteristics of (some) image, expresses (or highlights) (some) thoughts and feelings, and plays (some) role.

The answer to the question "What kind of expression" is inseparable from narration, description, lyricism, discussion and explanation.

To answer the question "What expressive techniques are used in poetry", we should immediately think of the following contents: metaphor, symbol, setting off, rendering, comparison, association, imagination, care, combination of positive and negative, combination of reality and reality, lyricism in the scene, scene blending, expression of ambition by objects and expression of ambition by death.

3. Answer the main points of various questions

First, the image category

(1) Find poems about the images described by poets; (2) Analyze the basic meaning of the image; (3) Analyze why the poet wrote this image with the theme of the article; (4) Point out the function or effect of portraying images.

Second, the category of artistic conception

(1) Find out the objects and images in the poem; (2) Expand association and imagination, and reproduce the picture in your own language. When reproducing the picture, we should not only be faithful to the original poem, but also strive for beautiful language; (3) To point out the characteristics of the atmosphere created by the scenery, we can generally use two disyllabic words, such as majestic and open, broad and far-reaching, full of emotion, full of vitality, quiet and beautiful, lonely and desolate, bleak and desolate, etc. (4) Analyze and express the poet's thoughts and feelings, or give people what kind of inspiration and thinking. Generally speaking, it can be expressed as: joy, cheerfulness, excitement, sadness, indignation, sadness, admiration, farewell, attachment, heroism, leisure and tranquility. But don't be empty, give specific answers. For example, it is not enough to answer "expressing the author's sadness", but also to answer why he is "sad"

Third, evaluate the ideological content of literary works and the author's viewpoint and attitude.

(1) First, analyze what the poems involved are specifically written about; (2) What feelings are expressed and what is hidden.

Fourth, the category of language refinement.

(1) Give your opinion first; (2) Accurately express the exact meaning of the word in the poem in one or two sentences; (3) Combining with the relevant contents of the poem, analyze the scene described by this word; (4) appropriately expand association and imagination, and talk about what kind of artistic conception this word has created or what kind of feelings it has expressed.

Fifth, the category of "poetic eyes"

(1) Affirming "good" or affirming which is better; (2) Explain the expressive and linguistic meanings of the words in the poem; (3) expand association and imagination, and restore this word you think is good to describe the scene in the poem; (4) point out what feelings the word expresses or what artistic conception it sets off, or what artistic effect it achieves.

Sixth, the category of sentence meaning

(1) clarify the expressive meaning of a poem, and sometimes explore its deep meaning; (2) Point out the descriptive function of this poem, or what feelings and themes it expresses.

Seventh, expression skills.

(1) Accurately point out what expression or skill is used; (2) Talk about the content of this technique in combination with poetry; (3) Talk about the reasons why the author adopts this technique; (4) How does this technique express the poet's feelings and convey his theme?

Eighth, keyword categories.

The role of the word (1) in highlighting the main idea; (2) Consider the role of words in the structure of poetry.