Are Camellia, Rhododendron and Osmanthus fragrans suitable for indoor planting?

Yes, family flower collection: osmanthus, camellia and azalea.

In order to make Osmanthus fragrans blossom more, we should grasp four main links: good selection of pot soil, timely watering, skillful topdressing and proper pruning.

(1) 1. Osmanthus fragrans likes slightly acidic soil;

Potted plants can be mixed with 5 parts of mountain mud, 3 parts of humus and 2 parts of sand, or half of humus and sandy loam can be used as culture soil. If the soil is too acidic, it will grow slowly and its leaves will turn yellow. In alkaline soil, leaves will wither or even die after about 2 ~ 3 months.

Second, the water should be timely:

Osmanthus fragrans should be watered according to the principle of no watering and thorough watering. Generally, water every 3-4 days in spring and autumn, once a day in summer when it is hot, and once every other week in winter. If there is heating at home in winter, it is best to water more and stay away from it. If it really doesn't work, it's best to spray it on the leaves often, water it in the morning and evening in summer, and water it around noon in winter, so that the water temperature is close to the soil temperature, and the roots will not be damaged by sudden cooling and heating. Osmanthus fragrans should be watered with "two less and one more", that is, less water should be watered before new buds appear, less water should be watered in rainy days, more water should be watered in summer and autumn in dry days, and water should be drained in rainy days in time to prevent water in the basin from rotting roots, otherwise it will be easy to drown.

Third, skillfully apply topdressing:

Osmanthus fragrans likes pig manure, and the flower proverb says, "Be fragrant with osmanthus fragrans, and prepare more pig manure tanks". If Osmanthus fragrans leaves the room in early spring, it can be applied with decomposed dilute pig manure, about once every 10 ~ 15 days from April to May, and once every 7 ~ 1 0 days from June to July. When applying for the last 1 time at the beginning of August, osmanthus fragrans will flourish, blossom a lot and taste fragrant. There is no pig manure in the city, so you can use decomposed cake fertilizer solution. If fertilization is insufficient, there will be fewer branches and flowers, which will not be fragrant. Osmanthus fragrans is an aromatic flower and likes fertilizers containing phosphorus and potassium, so it is good to apply more fertilizers with high phosphorus and potassium content throughout the growth period, such as Trim potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer.

Fourth, appropriate pruning:

Osmanthus fragrans has developed root system and strong germination. Mature osmanthus trees germinate twice a year. Therefore, in order to make Osmanthus fragrans flourish, it is necessary to prune it properly to maintain the physiological balance between reproductive growth and nutritional growth, and the pruning time is the best after autumn pruning. Generally, it is necessary to cut off long branches, thin branches and branches of pests and diseases, so as to facilitate ventilation and light transmission, concentrate nutrition, and promote osmanthus fragrans to breed more and fuller flower buds and make flowers flourish. ?

Verb (short for verb) Turn over the washbasin:

Potted osmanthus needs to be replaced once a year before germination in spring, and the densely aged fibrous roots should be pruned properly. The new pot is slightly larger than the original pot to facilitate the root growth of osmanthus fragrans. Combined with turning over the pot, cut off some old roots and dead roots, remove some old soil, replace it with loose and fertile new culture soil, and put decomposed cake fertilizer at the bottom of the pot as base fertilizer. The fill must be compacted, which can promote the flourishing of osmanthus. ?

Six, pest control:

The main diseases of osmanthus fragrans are brown spot, leaf blight and anthracnose. Spray bactericidal drugs in time after illness, such as thiophanate methyl and carbendazim. Whether you are sick or not, you should always spray bactericidal drugs to treat diseases and prevent diseases. The main pests are: white scale insects, red spiders and so on. White scale insects often appear in the rainy season. The needle-like mouthparts of this insect suck the juice of leaves, making them form spots, curl and wither. At onset, 80% dichlorvos emulsion can be sprayed with 1000- 1500 times water solution; Starscream is the most harmful pest. Starscream mostly occurs in high temperature and dry climate. After it was injured, its leaves became curly and even burnt, and finally fell off. Can be diluted and sprayed with dimethoate emulsion or emamectin benzoate, and sprayed 1 time every week and continuously for 3-4 times?

(2) Cultivation and conservation of camellia:

Camellia blooms in winter, reaching full bloom around the Spring Festival, and remains open until April and May. Camellia is beautiful, but it is not easy to manage, especially for beginners, who can't understand the doorway. Let me talk about my understanding of family camellia. ?

Camellia belongs to the south, which is delicate and difficult to manage in our north. Here I will talk about the maintenance of camellia from several aspects:

1. Soil: Camellia likes acidic soil, but the soil in most parts of the country is alkaline, so how should camellia choose soil? The soil under pine trees on the mountain is not as good as digging, and rotten pine needles are better There are cedars in many places and units, so it is better to sweep those rotten pine needles under the pine trees. It is best not to rush to change the soil for the newly bought camellia. It's best to keep it for a while before changing the soil. How to change the soil? The basin you want to change is a little bigger than the original one. Try not to move the soil in the original basin.

You can break the original pot and move it into a new pot after keeping the original flower roots intact, or shovel the soil away from the pot wall with a spatula around the pot, completely pour out the soil together with the flower roots and move it into a new pot. First, lay a layer of new soil in the new flowerpot, then put the flower soil in the middle of the flowerpot, finally fill in the new soil around the flowerpot, and cover the top with a layer of new soil, that is, lay new soil around the original flower soil. After planting, it is better to ask the soil above to be about 2 cm away from the top of the flowerpot. It is better to choose a breathable pottery basin than a plastic and porcelain basin. ?

The second is watering: it is best to water the flowers in a small bucket. If it is tap water, it should be kept in the bucket for at least three days. Don't pour the rice washing water into the barrel for fermentation, and don't use it frequently, especially in places where rice is often eaten. It is not always used to water flowers every day. My good camellia is specially watered with cold boiled water. The principle of watering is not to dry the soil, but to water it thoroughly.

3. Fertilization: After the flowers of the tea tree bloom, they begin to sprout and sprout. At this time, fertilization begins. Liquid fertilizer is usually applied once a week or two. If the solid fertilizer is applied for a long time, the hot camellia will stop growing every day in summer. You can't fertilize at this time, so you should pay attention to watering. If there is too much water in rainy days, the roots will rot easily. In autumn, the weather began to get cold, and camellia began to bud. At this point, fertilization will start again until bud formation begins.

It is best to use large flower fertilizer or compound fertilizer as fertilizer, or homemade fertilizer, but not human feces. The fertilizer I use is Trim granular compound fertilizer, which does not burn flowers, has long fertilizer effect and no side effects. I use it to soak water and water the flowers. In addition, camellia likes acidic soil, so it is best to apply a little ferrous sulfate once a month to adjust the soil pH, or add Trim foliar fertilizer to the watering can for two or three weeks. ?

Fourth, temperature and humidity: Camellia likes warm and humid environment, but the north lacks such environment. However, if possible, it is best to place camellia in the open air in spring, summer and autumn, but in summer, it should be shaded to prevent the sun from exposure, and it should be sprayed frequently. In the rainy season, it is best to cover the flowerpot so as not to be too waterlogged. Summer without conditions must be placed in a well-ventilated place. Summer is the most difficult season for camellia to maintain. As long as it can avoid summer, this camellia is generally easy to manage. There is more light in autumn, because this is the bud formation period. In winter, camellias are usually moved indoors for maintenance. According to my experience in raising camellia, a family without heating is better than a family with heating. There is heating at home, and the temperature at home reaches more than 20 degrees. On the surface, camellia grows well, which is actually not conducive to the long-term maintenance of camellia. Germination is a bit spur, because heating promotes camellia to germinate early. After the new buds grow, the heating is stopped, and the temperature suddenly drops, so it is easy to flash the camellia.

Therefore, it is difficult for northern families to feed camellia, which is also the reason why it is not acclimatized. Therefore, in families with heating at home, camellia must be kept away from heating, placed in a well-lit place, and sprayed frequently to increase humidity. In fact, camellia doesn't like high temperature in winter, and the temperature is lower than 20 degrees. And it is best to have a certain temperature difference between day and night. In order to maintain camellia, I installed a small heating unit on the balcony. Because the heating in my house is deflated regularly, it doesn't deflate at night, so the temperature of the balcony can be reduced to 5 to 10 degrees at night, which is the lowest temperature in the house, and it can reach about 20 degrees at noon during the day, which is most suitable for the growth of camellia. When the outdoor temperature reaches above 0 degrees, I immediately turn off the balcony heating to keep the balcony low. In this way, putting flowers on the balcony is much better than keeping them warm indoors. The minimum temperature of camellia is about 5 degrees, which is lower than 5 degrees. In fact, camellia can survive at 0 degrees. ?

Five, the whole branch cross: generally do not need to trim the camellia. Pruning is also to cut the most lush branches short to make them full and beautiful. In autumn, the buds of camellia basically form. At this time, the buds will be sparse. Leave at most one bud on a branch and remove all the others. The buds on the weak branches should also be sparse. A camellia can't leave too many flowers, too many flowers can't bloom, and it is easy to drop buds. After thinning the buds, ensure that the camellia is full of nutrition and the flowers are large and of good quality. In addition, where to put the camellia, try not to move and change places frequently, and try not to adjust the direction frequently. Camellia prefers quietness to movement. ?

(3) Cultivation and maintenance of rhododendron:

Rhododendron is one of the top ten famous flowers in China. Its flowering period is generally around the Spring Festival, which adds a festive atmosphere to the festival and is deeply loved by the majority of flower lovers. However, many flower lovers report that azaleas are difficult to raise. Although I like it, I can keep it for a season, and I almost die after flowering. Some even buy it back, so I dare not buy it again. At the request of the majority of netizens, I would like to talk about my own views on the breeding methods of azaleas in northern families. ?

The time for the majority of flower lovers to buy azaleas is generally before the Spring Festival. After the azaleas appear in bud, they buy them home to prepare for the Spring Festival. However, the contradiction has come again. Flowers can't bloom without heating at home, and flowers will wither if the heating temperature at home is too high. Here I will talk about the feeding methods in these two cases. If there is no heating at home, the minimum temperature of azaleas should not be lower than 5 degrees, which will affect flowering, but the minimum temperature of azaleas can resist below zero. If the temperature at home can reach 15 degrees during the day and drop to 5 to 10 degrees at night, it is the best temperature. At this time, it will grow well, drive well and drive for a long time. There is heating at home, and the temperature at home is often above 20 degrees, and it is constant. This time is the most unfavorable for the maintenance of azaleas. How to deal with this situation?

The first is to stay away from the heating as much as possible. If it is floor heating, there must be something between the flowerpot and the ground. The flowerpot cannot be placed directly on the floor.

The second is to spray flowers and leaves every day, because the heating at home is too dry, so be sure to spray them to increase the humidity. There are two spraying methods. One is to spray flowers directly from above. Many people worry that this spray will hurt flowers, but it doesn't matter, because flowers also need water; 2. Spray upward from the bottom of the mosaic and spray on the back of the mosaic. Either way will do. Stick to spraying every day. If we don't spray it, the leaves will wither and fall off. The leaves that were originally moved back to green will begin to fall off in a few days until they are all gone. This is because the air humidity of the flowers in the greenhouse is particularly high and the home is particularly dry. If we change the environment, the flowers will soon dry up.

The third is to ensure timely watering. If there is heating at home, you have to water it for two or three days. When watering, it is best to spray it from the top of the soil with a watering can. If there is no watering can, you can drill a few small holes in the lid of the beverage bottle to water the watering can. As long as these three points can be achieved, the cuckoo can survive the winter smoothly. ?

Let's talk about daily management from several aspects:

1. Soil Rhododendron belongs to fibrous roots. It is slender and weak. It can't use sticky soil. It likes loose, breathable and breathable acid soil. It can use humus soil such as mountain soil, larch leaf soil, pine needle soil or artificially prepared culture soil. Loose, moist and humus-rich acidic soil is required.

Second, light rhododendrons like to be maintained under semi-cloudy conditions. If the light is too strong, they need shade, especially at noon in summer, otherwise the sun will burn the leaves. When the light is properly strengthened in the early stage of bud emergence, the bud expansion period is weakened. Shading can delay and prolong the flowering period, but it can't be too cloudy or direct sunlight. Rhododendron should pay special attention to ventilation, otherwise it is easy to suffocate, causing deciduous leaves and hurting vitality. The air humidity had better be higher.

Third, water because azaleas are afraid of drought and waterlogging, improper watering will lead to the death of fallen leaves. Therefore, whether watering is appropriate is one of the keys to raising rhododendron. If there is a lack of water during leaf development, the leaves of rhododendron will turn yellow and curly, and they will die if they are not well dried. If there is no water when flowering, the petals will be soft and shriveled, the flowers will droop, the colors will not be bright, and even wither and die. Therefore, water should be watered according to the weather, rain, dry and wet air, water content of basin soil, etc. ?

Watering time should be in the morning and evening, especially in hot summer, not at noon. Generally, water 1 time every 2-3 days in spring and autumn. In summer, the temperature is high and the air is dry, so it is necessary to water 1-2 times a day. It is best to spray azalea leaves every day to cool down and increase humidity. When flower buds differentiate, it is necessary to properly control the amount of water to promote the formation of flower buds. /kloc-After 0/0, when the flowerpot enters the room, the watering amount should be reduced as appropriate. The branches have less water content and the plant tissues are fully developed, which can increase the cold resistance. At this time, keep the basin soil slightly moist. The water should be close to room temperature. Never water the flowers directly with tap water. It must be left for more than 3 days before use. ?

Fourth, fertilizer? Rhododendrons prefer light fat to thick fat. In the growing period, we should apply sparingly and diligently. Fertilization should start after flowering, stop in summer and start again when the weather is cool in autumn. This kind of fertilizer can be fermented by itself. People who can't grow flowers can directly buy a bag of flower fertilizer specially suitable for azaleas, which is usually fertilized once a week or two. Or spray the leaves with Trim potassium dihydrogen phosphate every two to three weeks to ensure that the leaves are dark green.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Prevention of pests and diseases If the leaves of rhododendron are yellow on the front and have red spots on the back, then rhododendron is harmed by red spiders. In severe cases, the leaves will fall off, so you should spray the medicine quickly. If the leaves are yellow and the veins are still green, it is a symptom of iron deficiency. You can spray ferrous sulfate solution every ten days or so, and vinegar and fermented rice washing water also have certain effects. In addition, there are other symptoms, such as dull leaves, reddish-brown dry tips and gradual expansion, which are caused by direct sunlight, poor ventilation and high temperature, and can be prevented by improving the environment. If you get brown spot disease, you can use carbendazim to prevent it. The leaves are yellow or still very green, but when you touch the branches and leaves gently, they will fall and lose their light soon. This is because the light is too dark and stuffy;

Rhododendron wilts and droops due to lack of water, so it needs to be replenished quickly. The bright yellow leaves are caused by long-term soaking in water. Uneven leaf size or patchy black spots are mostly caused by the pathogen of black spot, which is mostly caused by comprehensive factors such as large water content, poor ventilation, weak light, changeable environment, drug control and so on.