Please tell me what the lemon is for.

Lemon is a shrub with small trees or branches of Rutaceae. Untrimmed plants can be as high as 3 to 6 meters. The young leaves are obviously red and then gradually turn green. Some varieties have angular young branches; Some varieties have spikes between leaf axils. Flowers are large, fragrant, solitary or clustered; The buds are reddish, the petals are white at the top and purple at the bottom. The fruit is oval with a wide and short papilla at the top. 8 to 10 disc; It is yellow when it is ripe. Some varieties have thick exocarp, white mesocarp, spongy and almost tasteless, which are the main sources of commercial pectin. Seeds are small, ovoid and pointed; Occasionally seedless. The pulp tastes very sour. The main acid is citric acid, accounting for more than 5% of the total fruit juice. Lemon juice is rich in vitamin C and contains a small amount of vitamin B. After the Crusaders discovered lemons in Palestine, lemons began to spread all over Europe. At present, the cultivation of lemon trees in most tropical and subtropical regions is limited. Commercial lemon trees are usually propagated by budding, and the coastal areas of Italy and California are most suitable for growing lemons. Generally planted in orchards, the spacing between plants is 5 to 8 meters. Generally, flowers bloom all year round, and fruits are harvested 6 to 10 times a year. Mature commercial fruit is about 5 cm in diameter. Fruits are generally harvested before ripening and can be preserved for 3 months after treatment. Fruiting begins in the third year after planting and reaches commercial fruit in five years. The average annual output of each tree is 1500. Because lemons are easy to bruise, wear gloves when picking them.

Anyue County, ziyang, Sichuan Province is the only lemon commodity production base county in China and the hometown of lemons in China. Eureka is the main cultivated variety, which was introduced from the United States in the 1920s. After more than 70 years of cultivation and breeding, a new strain with early fruiting, high yield and high quality has been cultivated. The quality of Anyue lemon fruit and its lemon oil is better than that of the main lemon producing countries in the world, such as the United States and Italy, as determined by China Citrus Research Institute for three consecutive years. Won the title of national and provincial high-quality fruit for many times, and 1993 won the gold medal of Thailand high-quality fruit Expo. Anyue county began to build a lemon commodity production base from 1986. Through hard work, 18 townships have been built and 8 million lemons have been planted. In 2000, it produced 32,000 tons of lemons. At present, the annual output of fresh fruits reaches150,000 tons. By 20 10, the planting area of Anyue lemon will reach 200,000 mu, with an annual output of more than 250,000 tons of fresh fruit. Anyue Hongyi Agricultural Development Company invested 20,000 mu to build a national standardized lemon production base. Both the base and fresh lemon fruits have passed the strict inspection by the national import and export inspection and quarantine department and obtained the right to operate independently. It laid a quality foundation for Anyue lemon to go global. Lemon is gradually becoming a green pillar industry in Anyue County. Products are exported to more than ten countries and regions such as Russia, Kazakhstan, Hong Kong, Macao and more than twenty large and medium-sized cities in China. Its output, scale and market share account for more than 70% of the country.

/kloc-in the 0/5th century, European adventurers sailed across the ocean in pursuit of spices and gold to compete for colonies. However, during the voyage, sailors are often attacked by scurvy like plague, and thousands of people are killed.

1593, more than 10000 sailors in Britain died of scurvy, and four-fifths of sailors in Spain, Portugal and other countries died of scurvy. Before and after these events, another miracle happened. /kloc-in 0/53, some French explorers spent the winter in Canada. Among them, 1 10 people suffer from scurvy. The local Indians told them to drink water soaked in pine leaves. In desperation, the patient drank the water and was saved.

From 1772 to 1775, during the three-year expedition across the Pacific Ocean, only 1 of the18 crew members died. It turned out that Captain Cook ordered the crew to eat kimchi regularly to prevent the crew from scurvy.

The research on the treatment of scurvy began in the middle of18th century with British doctor Linde. He tried fresh vegetables, fruits and medicines and conducted medical experiments on sailors suffering from scurvy. Once, when he was treating the sailors' scurvy on the British "Ship Five", he selected some sailors, divided them into six groups, and treated them with different methods, such as different food, medicine and physical therapy. Unexpectedly, the patients who took the medicine did not get better. On the contrary, a group of patients who ate lemons were cured as if they had eaten "elixir" and soon recovered.

More than 40 years later, the British navy adopted this method, stipulating that every sailor should drink a certain amount of lemon leaf water every day when he goes out to sea. Only two years later, scurvy disappeared from the British navy. The British often use the funny nickname "Lemon Man" to address their sailors and sailors.

Why can vegetables and lemons treat this disease? The first thing people think of is that these foods must contain some essential substances to sustain life-vitamins. At the beginning of the 20th century, people speculated that scurvy was a vitamin deficiency. In 1930s, people finally separated "hexuronic acid" from adrenal cortex, cabbage and lemon juice, clarified its chemical structure and determined that it was an element of ascorbic acid (vitamin C), so people called it "mysterious medicine fruit".

Lemon tree is a small evergreen tree of Rutaceae, which is native to Malaysia. At present, it is distributed in the Mediterranean coast, Southeast Asia and America, and also cultivated in Taiwan Province Province, Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi. Young leaves and flowers are purplish red, and the fruit is oblong or ovoid, with egg size, light yellow, rough surface, papillae at the top, thick peel, strong fragrance and sour juice, but it can be used to prepare drinks and extract spices. The United States and Italy are famous lemon producing areas, while France is the country that eats the most lemons in the world.

Lemon is one of the most medicinal fruits in the world. Rich in vitamin C, citric acid and malic acid, high in sodium and low in potassium, it is very beneficial to human body. Vitamin C can maintain the formation of various tissues and intercellular substance in human body and maintain its normal physiological function. Matrix, adhesion and colloid formation in human body need vitamin C for protection. When vitamin C is deficient, the intercellular substance-colloid is also less. In this way, cells will become brittle and lose the ability to resist external forces, and the human body is prone to sepsis; It has many uses, such as preventing colds, stimulating hematopoiesis and fighting cancer.

Lemon juice is a delicious and refreshing drink, which is very simple and convenient to make. Fresh fruit is squeezed directly from fruit juice, then mixed with sugar, ice cubes and ice water, and can be drunk after stirring. That faint sweet and sour, faint fragrance refreshing, refreshing, fragrant. At present, lemon juice has been accepted by people all over the world.

Usage of fresh lemon fruit:

Drinking fresh lemon directly: Wash fresh lemon fruit, cut it into 2mm thick slices, put it into a cup to brew cold water after removing seeds, and add appropriate amount of rock sugar to drink.

Production of sugar-stained lemons: clean lemons, slice them, remove seeds, put them into a porcelain jar or bottle with a layer of lemon and a layer of sugar according to the ratio of 1 kg of lemon slices and 2-3 kg of sugar, and drink them one week later (diabetics can use salting, the method is the same as sugar-stained, and the salt content is 25-30% of the amount of lemon).

Lemon is used for cooking: when cooking food with pungent smell, fresh lemon slices or lemon juice can be put into the pot before cooking to remove the fishy smell and greasy smell.

Lemon fresh fruit beauty: after washing and slicing the lemon, put it in cold boiled water for 3~5 minutes, which can be used for applying face, wiping body and washing hair. Long-term use can melt the spots on the face and body, and achieve the effect of hair like an ink waterfall, face like beautiful jade, body like coagulated fat and radiant.

Lemon deodorization and preservation: putting 2~3 Jin of fresh lemon fruit naked in the refrigerator or room can play a good role in removing the odor in the refrigerator or room; Slices in a pickle jar can remove white and make pickles crisp.

Lemon processing products:

Lemon leaves can be used to extract spices, and fresh lemon peel can produce lemon essential oil, which is not only an important raw material for producing high-grade cosmetics, but also an important component for producing drugs for treating lithiasis. Fruit embryo can also produce pectin-hesperidin (Vp). Pectin is not only an important raw material for producing high-grade candy, preserves and jam, but also can be used to produce drugs for treating stomach diseases. Hesperidin (VP) is mainly used to treat cardiovascular diseases. Fruit juice extracted from fruit embryo can be used to produce high-grade beverage and high-grade fruit wine. Fruit residue can be used as feed or fertilizer; Seeds can be extracted from high-grade edible oil or used as medicine. Therefore, lemon is a treasure all over the body and is an important raw material for processing green products.

Description: Cool the body, calm or replenish energy, eliminate fatigue, help memory, calm down, sterilize, kill insects, nourish the body and stop bleeding. Removing dead cells brightens the skin and improves microvessels. Used to remove corns and verruca plana, it can soften scar tissue, purify the mind, help indecision and lack of sense of humor, motivate the body to act and clear up its mind, and bring a fresh feeling when it is hot and irritable.

nature

Although both distillation and squeezing methods can obtain essential oil from pericarp, green pericarp can be used to extract better quality products, mainly produced in California and Florida in the southern United States, and also planted in warmer southern Europe, with a height of about 4 meters. Generally speaking, distillation is colorless and transparent, but it is slightly yellow after extrusion. Lemon essential oil has strong activity and is not easy to store.

smell

The aroma of citrus is fresh and rich.

Historical clinical record

Antibacterial, pure drinking water, antidote for mosquito bites, poisoning and infectious diseases.

What you need to know in use

It will make the skin allergic and itchy.

efficacy

Anti-acid, anti-sclerosis, anti-bad blood, anti-neuralgia, anti-rheumatism, anti-itching, anti-bacterial, astringent, bactericidal, flatulence-relieving, scar-promoting, purification, diuresis, softening, wart treatment, antipyretic, hemostatic, liver-benefiting, blood sugar lowering, blood pressure lowering, insect killing, diarrhea relieving, stomach benefiting, body building and insect expelling. Arteriosclerosis, anemia, hemostasis, immune enhancement, headache, migraine, nosebleeds, sore throat, fever, cough, liver detoxification, constipation, arthritis, rheumatalgia, oily skin, pigmentation [anti-plaque], wrinkle regeneration, cellulitis, herpes, scar promotion, spiritual purification, stress relief, mosquito bites.

Psychological curative effect

When you feel hot and irritable, it can bring a fresh feeling and help clear your mind.

Physiological efficacy

1. It has an excellent nourishing effect on the circulatory system, making the blood smooth, thus reducing the pressure of venous tension.

2. It can restore the vitality of red blood cells and reduce anemia. At the same time, it stimulates white blood cells, thus activating the immune system and helping the body resist infectious diseases.

3. Promote the function of digestive system, inhibit the acidity in the body and increase the alkalinity in the stomach.

Skin curative effect

By removing dead cells, dull complexion becomes bright, capillary rupture is improved, and greasy hair is purified. It is very effective in removing corns, verruca plana and verruca vulgaris, softening scar tissue and preventing chapped nails.

Essential oil suitable for mixing with it

Benzoin, chamomile, eucalyptus, frankincense, juniper, lavender, bodhi flower, orange flower, rose, sandalwood.

The right place

Study: If the study is regarded as another workplace, lemon will be the best representative fragrance.

It can be seen everywhere in companies and public places: unlike oranges, lemons express a more enthusiastic commitment to work. If you feel that your company always lacks interaction or interpersonal coordination, citrus can best make up for this taste, but if you lack a positive attitude, the feeling that the whole company is "moving" must be the temptation of lemon!

Essential oil suitable for mixing with it

Benzoin, chamomile, eucalyptus, frankincense, juniper, lavender, bodhi flower, orange blossom, rose, sandalwood and ylang ylang.

Pure essential oils's experience.

Adding 2 drops of lemon essential oil in the bath can effectively stretch your body and mind.

Dropping on cotton balls can eliminate the odor inside shoes.

Magic formula

Using lemon essential oil and water as air purifier can not only make the smell at home better, but also prevent disease infection.

Formula for removing hard corns: 2 drops of lemon essential oil and 0/0 drop of apple vinegar/kloc.

Diluting lemon essential oil to the concentration of 1% for massage or cold compress can relieve the symptoms of joint pain.

Fresh and full of energy

Fresh and sweet, with a fresh and strong light and clean aroma, is the best kind of detoxification and deodorization effect in citrus, and is also a good fragrance source often used as a fragrance fixative in many perfume industries.

Lemon is rarely eaten directly because it is slightly sour and sweet, but it is originally acidic, but it is a good antibacterial antidote. When we eat seafood barbecue food, we often attach a piece of lemon to it. The seafood sprinkled with lemon is really fragrant, and the original meat flavor is completely gone. This also means that citric acid can transform the fishy smell containing ammonia.

Therefore, in Spain and Portugal in the 17 and 18 centuries, people found that lemon can detoxify, deodorize and resist bacteria in washed hair, which is not only used as an oral odor fragrance, but also used to deal with malaria and typhoid fever.

Lemon essential oil is the most productive and versatile fruit essential oil. It is extracted from the peel and pressed by cold pressing. Its fragrant smell can boost the spirit, help clear the mind and eliminate fatigue, strengthen the stomach and help digestion. Because it is rich in vitamins C and B, as well as natural fruit acid, it can also improve the spots and fine lines on the skin. It can be a skin care product.

Practical lemon recipe

1. You can add 2 drops of lemon essential oil to rinse your mouth in 200CC of clean water, which can eliminate oral odor and prevent oral mucosal infection.

2. Lemon essential oil mixed base oil is suitable for conditioning oily skin and coarse pores.

3. Drop 2 drops of lemon essential oil into the washbasin, soak the washed hair in it for about 5-10 minutes, and dry it directly with a towel after getting up, which can not only reduce dandruff, but also care for smooth hair, and of course make the hair full of lemon fragrance, killing two birds with one stone!

Alias Li Meng

Lemon originated from Rutaceae Citrus, and its fruits and roots are used as medicine. Roots can be harvested all year round, and fruits can be harvested in autumn and winter.

Sexual taste orientation

Fruit: sour, sweet and flat.

Roots: pungent, bitter and warm.

Functional indication

Fruit: resolving phlegm and relieving cough, promoting fluid production and strengthening stomach. Used for bronchitis, whooping cough, anorexia, vitamin C deficiency, heatstroke and polydipsia.

Root: promoting qi circulation to relieve pain, relieving cough and asthma. Used for stomachache, colic, orchitis, cough and bronchial asthma.

Usage and dosage of fresh fruit 0.5 ~ 1 two. Root 1 ~ 2.

Excerpted from the National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine

Is lemon acidic or alkaline?

From the point of view of chemistry or food science, whether food is acidic or alkaline may be very different. Is lemon acidic or alkaline? Most people think that sour people are acidic. But from the perspective of food science, lemon belongs to alkaline food.

Why? Food will become alkaline after entering the human body, so we classify it as alkaline food. For example, after lemon juice enters the human body, it will be oxidized and burned into carbon dioxide and water, and the rest will become inorganic substances. We can determine whether it is an alkaline food or an acidic food by looking at what is in its inorganic matter.

If the content of sodium, potassium and calcium is high, it will become alkaline food. Because sodium and other compounds become alkaline when dissolved in water.

Sodium carbonate+H2O->; sodium bicarbonate

Bicarbonate-+H2O->; H2CO3 + OH-

2(Na+)2O22- + 2H2O ->4Na+OH- + O2

Ah ... where are the sodium carbonate and sodium peroxide? Nutritional biology in junior high school tells us that food will be burned (digested) by a complex oxidation. Chemists simulate the digestion process of food to determine its pH value.

1. Burn food to ashes

2. Dissolve the ashes with solvent

3. Test the pH value of the ash solution

On the contrary, if the content of phosphorus, sulfur and chlorine is high, it will become acidic food.

So what is the correct answer? From the fact that lemon juice turns red when applied to litmus paper, we can know that lemon is really acidic. Different opinions, when you know whether a substance is acidic or alkaline, the result will be different, so be careful!

Lemon can also expectorate, and its expectorant effect is stronger than that of oranges and citrus. Add warm water and salt to lemon juice, drink it and cough up the thick phlegm accumulated in your throat. It is very effective. At the beginning of a cold, you might as well wash it with lemon and honey, which can relieve sore throat and relieve the discomfort of dry throat.

Lemon drink, lemon juice and lemon honey all have their own curative effects, and lemon tea is almost the same. It's not that lemon tea is invalid, but that black tea is brewed at high temperature. The effective component catechin in tea was destroyed, but the harmful substances increased. Moreover, tannic acid and citric acid in tea are quite acidic, and people with stomach diseases had better avoid drinking them, but for those with stomach diseases, a cup of lemon tea after meals can really help digestion.

To some extent, lemon can be said to be a female fruit, because it can give birth to babies, so it is called "suitable for mother and child". It can also be used for beauty, because its citric acid can remove spots and prevent pigmentation, which can be taken orally or externally. More domestic studies have pointed out that lemon can improve uterine anteversion, uterine ligament prolapse and even amenorrhea.

Lime can lower blood pressure and cholesterol and improve cardiovascular disease. Like grapefruit, it contains an insulin-like ingredient, so eating it can lower blood sugar, which can be said to be a wonderful "medicine" for fruit.

Potted lemon

Potted lemons, if not properly managed, often only bloom, but bear no fruit or little fruit, or even do not bloom. In order to make potted lemons blossom and bear fruit every year, scientific management must be carried out in water, fertilizer and pruning, so as to achieve fruitful results. The main links of management are as follows:

There are two reasons for reasonable pruning of potted lemons. First, the pot is small, the soil is small, and the nutrients provided are limited, which can not meet the needs of lemon growth and must be pruned; Second, through pruning, the rational distribution of nutrients in the tree can be adjusted, so that limited nutrients can be supplied to buds and leaves to form more fruiting branches, thus achieving full flowering and fruiting branches. The new shoots of potted lemons must be pruned intensively before they germinate. First of all, we should remove dead branches, diseased branches, clustered branches, inward branches, cross branches and sprouting branches. Weakly cut strong branches, leaving 4 or 5 full buds; Strong pruning of weak branches leaves 2 or 3 buds, so that each branch can grow stronger spring shoots. After the spring shoots are fully grown, in order to control their imaginary length, they can be lightly cut and 3 or 4 branches can be cut off. When the new shoots grow to 6 ~ 8 knots, it is necessary to remove the heart to induce more summer shoots.

In order to prevent the summer shoots from growing too vigorously, and at the same time, trees should accumulate nutrients and promote the formation of buds, potted lemons should be "watered" before entering summer. The specific method is to gradually reduce the water supply to potted lemons more than ten days before the summer heat; In the first 5 days, the water was stopped, the basin soil was exposed to the sun, a lot of water evaporated, and the basin soil was dry; Due to the lack of water in roots, branches and leaves lose water, and leaves wither and curl. In order to prevent the leaves from dehydration, water can be sprayed on the leaves in the morning and evening, and a small amount of water can be sprayed on the pot soil at the same time, so that the axillary buds of lemon will expand day by day under the condition of drought and not dying, and the color of the buds will turn from green to white. When most axillary buds turn from green to white, "withholding water" will succeed in promoting flowers. At this time, the water supply of potted lemons should be restored in time.

After the lemon blooms, in addition to applying thin fertilizer once a week, it is also necessary to dilute the flowers and fruits. Sparse some buds before flowering; After the flowers wither and set fruit, some young fruits in inappropriate positions should be thinned out to reduce the consumption of nutrients, so that the limited nutrients can be concentrated on the preserved flowers and fruits, and the fruits can grow bigger and better. In the process of fruit growth, if the fertilizer and water are sufficient and the plants are nutritious, some branches will sprout new buds, and the growth of new buds will inevitably divert some nutrients, which will affect the growth of fruits. In order to protect the fruit, the new buds should be smoothed in time. When the fruit turns yellow, stop fertilizing, reduce watering and keep the soil moist and slightly dry. If we continue to give too much fertilizer and water, the fruit will ripen and fall early, shortening the viewing time.

Reasonable fertilization Lemons like fertilizers, and usually apply more thin fertilizers. Apply decomposed liquid fertilizer once before the plants germinate, and then apply liquid fertilizer mainly containing nitrogen every 7 ~ 10 days to promote more branches and leaves and more spring shoots. Fertilize in time after each coring to promote the early maturity of branches. In the process of lemon growth, you can sprinkle some cake fertilizer on the basin surface, so that some fertilizer penetrates into the soil every time you water it, which can enhance fertility. After autumn, fertilization will be reduced, plant nutrition will be avoided, autumn shoots will be promoted, and fruits will compete for nutrients, leading to fruit drop.

Due to the lack of potted soil, the nutritional supply of potted lemons is limited. After years of lack of soil fertility, lemons will weaken year by year, with fewer flowers and fewer fruits. In order to keep the lemon blossom and bear fruit every year, it is necessary to turn over the pot. The best turning time is half a month before lemon germination. Before turning over the pot, prepare a pot that is one size larger than the original pot, take the lemon out of the pot, and don't break the mud. Cut off the topsoil with a thickness of 1 and 2 cm along the mud mass, cut off the dead roots and rotten roots, cut off the soil with a thickness of 1cm at the bottom of the mud mass, and take out the tiles embedded in the bottom of the original pot. The drainage holes of the new pool are laid with tiles. First, lay a drainage layer with a thickness of 2 or 3 cm, and then lay a layer of nutrient-rich culture soil with a thickness of 4 or 5 cm, which is mixed with a small amount of calcium superphosphate. Then put the lemon mud balls into the pot, fill the culture soil around the mouth of the pot, slightly compact the pot soil, water the roots, put it in a ventilated and semi-cool place, and put it back in place for daily management after one week.