Examples of Pseudo-Good Poems in Complete Tang Poetry

Of course, studying knowledge requires distinguishing truth from falsehood, and I have been actively engaged in it for a long time. Literary tasting should pay attention to exquisite art, and everyone understands the truth. These two seem to be taken for granted, but in fact, they do their own things and have their own reasons. If an academic master explains Tang poetry, what he appreciates is just a fake poem, which will inevitably leave a laughing stock. On the other hand, when it comes to good poetry, the Song people can't remember the name at once, so they call it Tang poetry, and no one doubts it. It happened that modern people invented the full-text retrieval of ancient books, and they met so-called textual research scholars like me, and found out one by one that half of them were Song poems. At that time, there was no full-text search, and the editors were forced by the emperor's orders, so their knowledge was limited. All those who had a book by their predecessors were regarded as Tang poetry income, which naturally caused many problems, and of course left opportunities for future generations to find problems and publish papers. In fact, all Tang poems are not necessarily good, and all pseudo-poems are not necessarily bad. If we change our position slightly, it is not difficult to find that there are many good poems in pseudo-poems, but we have encountered some unexpected situations that have nothing to do with the author in the process of circulation. In other words, can a poem be smoothly blended into the Tang Dynasty from the Song Dynasty or even the Ming Dynasty without its own advantages? A few years ago, Taipei held a special exhibition of fake Suzhou films in Ming and Qing Dynasties, named "Fake Good Things", which was really a good idea. Here, let's talk about the pseudo-good poems in Tang poetry. First, visitors to Mount Li "Title of the Cuiwei Palace"

Cuiwei Temple is the Cuiwei Palace, with dozens of pavilions and pavilions.

when the son of heaven didn't come, the monk went again, and when the woodcutter fell a pine.

for the poem, see "the whole Tang poetry", volume 784. The source of the poem should be "The Turtle in Poetry Talk" and "Tan Yuan": "The Cuiwei Temple is at the top of Mount Li, and the old one has left the palace. Emperor Taizong spent the summer here, and the back temple was also abandoned. There are tourists who ask about the cloud (poetry). " Tan Yuan, or Yang Wengong Tan Yuan, is a note written by Huang Jian based on what Yang Yi, a famous scholar, said in his later years. The original book does not exist, and many books were quoted in the Song Dynasty. Today, Li Yumin has a compilation. In his later years, Yang Yi was at the end of Song Zhenzong, and it was only 5 or 6 years since he went to the Song Dynasty. Therefore, it is understandable for later generations to suspect that this poem about the history of the Tang Dynasty came from the Tang Dynasty. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, it was also circulated by famous poets in the Tang Dynasty. For example, Zhuzhuang Shi Hua quoted Yaoxi Collection as Wu Yuanheng's poem with the title "Cuiwei Temple on the Peak", while Lei Bian Chang An Zhi wrote Liu Yuxi's poem with the title "Feeling of Cuiwei Temple", but none of the two collections had this poem, which should be mistaken. A more reliable record is the Southern Song Dynasty Zhou's "Qing Bo Biezhi" Volume II: "Yuan Wei has a quatrain:' in the faded old imperial palace, peonies are red, but no one comes to see them. The ladies-in-waiting have grown white-haired, debating the pomps of Emperor Xuanzong.' Hong jinglu's predicate is full of meaning and infinite flavor. When I was young, I also got a poem:' Cuiwei Temple is a Cuiwei Palace, with dozens of pavilions and pavilions. When the emperor doesn't come, the monk dies, and when the woodcutter falls a pine. " It is what Zhang Yu did, and his thoughts are not diminished. "Hong Jinglu is Hong Mai. He praised Yuan Zhen's poem" Palace "in" Rong Zhai Essays ",which was full of aftertaste. Zhou thought this poem was sufficient and quite, and he learned that the author of this poem was Zhang Yu. Zhang Yu, also known as Zhang Yu, was born in Pixian County near Chengdu. He repeatedly cited the first time in the imperial examination hall. When Injong wrote a letter about something, he awarded the school book lang, and then he retired to die. The History of Song Dynasty was circulated in volume 458.

Cuiwei Palace is located on Lishan Mountain in Lintong, east of Chang 'an. It was built by Emperor Taizong. It is said that soon after it was built, Emperor Taizong was lucky to live here, and wrote poems for Chu Liang with the phrase "Wide Acacia" (Volume 29 of Yuhai). Taizong's surviving poems include "Autumn Cuiwei Palace", and the first two sentences say, "Qiu Guang condenses Cuiling, and it is cool to blow away from the palace". It is a good place to live and have a rest, and its vision is also very broad. At the end of the cloud, he "looked up at the white clouds outside the worldly dust", and he felt that he was in a good mood to stay away from worldly affairs and return to nature. Less than 2 years ago, Liu Yuxi wrote "Feeling of Cuiwei Temple": "My king was lucky in the past and left the palace. Zhu Qi welcomes the summer, and Liangxuan comes for the summer. Soup and cake are given to a captain, and ice and ice are given to talents. Long beards are out of sight, and jade sits on the ground and floats. " The palace has been changed to a temple, and the royal family is certainly no longer coming. He just feels that the jade seat where Taizong once sat has been dusty and no longer prosperous, and the temple still has incense. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Cui Wei, a famous monk, had no schooling, so he may be stationed in this temple. Two hundred years have passed since Liu Yuxi wrote poems and Zhang Yujing studied here. After the chaos at the end of the Tang Dynasty, Guanzhong was attacked by soldiers several times. In the past, all the square palaces and courtyards in the city were burned down, and Cuiwei Temple could not be maintained. What Zhang Yu saw was only desolation.

Poetry is straightforward and simple. Originally, it was a royal palace, which was magnificent in scale, and the pavilions were stacked on top of each other, how prosperous it was. Later, the royal family stopped coming, so they gave alms to the temple to do merit, which lasted for a long time. Now, however, the emperor has long since stopped coming, the temple has somehow failed to maintain, and the monks have disappeared. At present, it is desolate, but there is still some popularity. Woodcutters are cutting down pine trees. This pine tree is the Gu Song of the Royal Temple, perhaps hundreds of years old. Royal things, people are guilty of being near. Tang Yanqian's poem "Changling" says: "I heard that the British master raised three feet, but I saw a fool stealing." Said the same thing. How rapid the ups and downs are, just after hearing that the Lord raised three feet of Longquan to pacify the world, suddenly people have openly visited the Changling mausoleum of Emperor Gaozu to borrow soil. Zhang Yu's poem tells the story of prosperity and decline in peace, without discussion, it is thought-provoking, and there are great moves of firewood people in desolation and peace. Hong Mai thought it was insightful to compare with Yuan Zhen's song "the ladies-in-waiting have grown white-haired, debating the pomps of Emperor Xuanzong". Second, the hermit "Answering People"

I occasionally come to sleep under a pine tree with a high pillow and a stone.

there is no calendar day in the mountains, and it is cold to know the year.

Volume 784 of The Whole Tang Poetry receives this poem, regardless of the author's time. Its source should be the cloud quoted from the Ancient and Modern Poetry Talks in Volume 18 of The General Turtle of Poetry Talks: "Those who are too reclusive know nothing about their origins. The busybody never asks his name, does not answer, and leaves a poem with a unique cloud (a poem). " In my opinion, a more reliable record is "Wang Zhuangyuan's Notes on the Classification of Mr. Dongpo's Poems" compiled by the Southern Song Dynasty Bookstore, Volume 4, "A Gift to Liang Daoren", and "Chi Yang Ji" quoted Teng Zongliang's "Preface to Poems of Hermit": "There are old poems in Lishan, and there is no name, so it is a good song. Recently, someone passed on the poem "The Book of Mountain Residence". " Teng Zongliang is Teng Zijing, whom Fan Zhongyan began to say in Yueyang Tower, "Teng Zijing fell to guard Baling County in the spring of the fourth year of Qingli". When he lived in Song Renzong, his Preface to the Poem of the Hermit was incomplete. According to the fragments quoted in this section, we know that this hermit who claimed to be too recluse lived in Lishan near Jinan today, and his life time was connected with Teng, which may be older, but it is absolutely impossible. The original title of the poem should also be "The Book of Mountain Residence".

China has a tradition of respecting and hiding in ancient times. Although the royal family needs officials at all levels to maintain the operation of political power and give them generous treatment, it also admits that officialdom is dirty and being an official is mixed in the world of mortals. Stay away from the world of mortals, despise worldly affairs, and of course, don't get any relevant treatment. The ancients thought it was the noblest, and often commended it, and took it as a grand event to recruit hermits to be officials. Becoming a monk or practicing Buddhism is also equivalent to being a hermit. The last verse of the Tang Dynasty Ming Zan monk's Song of Music and Taoism says: "The world is long, not as good as the hills. The pine trees cover the sun, and the blue stream flows long. Lie under the vines and get a stone pillow. Mountain clouds as the curtain, jathyapple as the hook. If you don't go to the emperor, don't envy princes. Life and death are carefree, but why worry? Hidden moon is invisible, and I often only prefer it. There is no law, and there is no life. I have nothing to sit on, and the grass is green in spring. " Write the feeling that hermits are far away from the world, close to nature, not wronged by world affairs, not worried about life and death, and completely detached from the world. This five-line poem by the hermit in Taishang is just the most concise summary of Le Dao Ge. Life is arbitrary, you don't have to ask for anything, let alone care about the changes of the world. You can do whatever you want. Occasionally, I come under the tree and sleep with my pillow on the stone. It's just a comfort. I don't need a reason, and there is no time limit. There is no calendar day in the mountains, and of course, I don't care about the cold and warm weather, the passage of time, being natural and carefree. This is the feeling of a true hermit. Poetry is very simple, but it is really the attitude of a true hermit who has no desire or desire. Third, Ling Huting's "Acacia Shop in Zhangzhou"

Who put Acacia on this river, there are many cars and horses in Saiyuan.

We should only collect people's tears from ancient times and sprinkle them on Kongchuan as a passing wave.

This poem is collected in The Whole Tang Poetry, and volume 334 is a poem of Linghu Chu, titled "Acacia River"; Volume 778 makes Linghu's poems, but does not contain his deeds. In fact, Ling Huting was a poet of the Song Dynasty, and Bi Zhongyou's Xitai Collection (Volume 12) and Hu Ling Gong's Epitaph contained the word Xian Zhou, a native of Shanyin. Song Renzong Tiansheng was a scholar for five years. He served as a military officer in Jizhou, a judge in Yan 'an, and a judge in Pengzhou. He moved to the prison in Zhejiang and moved to Jiangdong Road, and the official was appointed to Yuan Wailang and Zhidan Prefecture. Jia You died in 158, aged 67. Zhang Shizheng, who recorded this poem earlier, "Tired Travel Record" (Volume 38 of the Song Dynasty Factual Garden): "There is water in the east of Zhangzhou, which is called Acacia River, and there is a post on the shore, which is also called Acacia Shop. Linghu's title is based on poetry (poetry). " Yanzhou is adjacent to Yan 'an, and his poems were written during his tenure as a judge in Yan 'an. It was passed down as Linghu Chu, because Linghu Ting was not named after a poem, and Linghu Chu was a famous scholar in Tang Dynasty, which was misunderstood because of the same surname.

There is a river named Xiangsi River in Yanzhou, and there is a post office named Xiangsi Shop on the river bank, which touched the poet's interest. He said that this is the main road to the traffic jam, and there are many cars and horses coming and going. Although the purpose is different, who can't have the pain of leaving acacia? In this river, I don't know how many people's tears have flowed. Can the river bring people's tears back to their hometown? The answer is of course no. The poet ended with "Sprinkling into the empty Sichuan as a lost wave". Although he had sympathy, he was helpless. Fourth, Du Chang's Huaqing Palace

traveled dozens of miles south of the Yangtze River, and Xiaoxing's waning moon entered Huaqing.

the west wind is rushing towards the Yuan Pavilion, and the sound of Yang Zuoyu is heard.

Volume 731 of "Complete Tang Poetry" received this poem, and the author's deeds were not tested. The biography of "people in the late Tang Dynasty" was out of the attachment. Three-body Tang Poems, compiled by Zhou Bi in Southern Song Dynasty, is the first in the book, which means that it is the best poem of the Tang Dynasty. If we go further, Hu Zai's "Previous Collection of Tiaoxi Fishing Hidden Conghua" will be included in Miscellaneous Notes of the Tang Dynasty, and it is explained that it is based on Xiqing Poetry. Look at the volume of Xiqing Poetry Talk again. It says that "there are talented people who are good at their names and don't work between words, and some people who don't talk or surprise with their literary names." Record this poem of "Recent Biography" and Fang Ze's "Wuchang Blocking Wind". Cai Tae-taek, the author of Poems in the Western Qing Dynasty, is the son of Cai Jing, a powerful minister, and the book was written at the beginning of Nandu. The so-called "recent biography" is a matter between the Northern and Southern Song Dynasties. Hu Zai's understanding was a little biased, and Zhou Bi pushed a little further, so he was identified as a Tang poem. In fact, this poem was carved in stone in Huaqing Palace, which was also seen by Ming people. In Ming Dynasty, Zhu Mengzhen recorded four poems in volume 2 of "Talking on the River", which was authorized to send Qin Feng and others to mention some prison business, and Du Chang wrote a postscript, saying that Du Chang "moved Qin Feng from Hebei, and Yuan Feng passed Huaqing on September 27, three years ago". The first two sentences recorded in "Talking on the River" are "Sixteen journeys to the East Biejia Mountain, and the dawn and the moon reach Huaqing", which should be the author's original poem. Du Chang, "History of Song Dynasty" has been circulated in volume 33. He is a native of Weizhou. After being promoted to the first rank, he served as an ambassador. Yuan Fu knew Qingzhou in the first year and Yunzhou in the next year. Chongning moved from Xuzhou to Zhizhi Town in the second year. At the end of Chongning, he learned about Heyang Army with a bachelor's degree from Longtuge, and died at the age of 79. It should be said that this poem is a Song poem, so there should be no doubt.

The author's home is in Weizhou, which is now Xinxiang, Henan Province, and he entered the customs because he was ordered to handle the official business of Qin Feng (now Shaanxi-Gansu border area). Huaqing Palace, located at the foot of Lishan Mountain in Lintong, is a famous royal palace in the Tang Dynasty. The author hurried to mourn the historic sites in the middle of his official duties, and he has many feelings to tell. The last two sentences of the poem cause discussion and contain infinite sadness. Chaoyuan Pavilion is a famous Taoist temple in Lishan Mountain. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty visited it several times, and in the seventh year of Tianbao, he was told that Laozi had come to this pavilion and renamed it Shengsheng Pavilion. Changyang Palace, a famous royal garden in the Han Dynasty, is located in Kun (now known as Zhouzhi). It is far away from Lishan Mountain, and it is only a freehand brushwork here. About the author was busy, and arrived in Lintong in the early hours of the morning, and the weather was bad and it was stormy. Writing it in a poem caused infinite sadness of "how many towers are stormy". Poetry is very fluid, with a strong sense of picture when writing scenes and stories. Sentiment spreads through the picture, without discussion, which leads to infinite association.

From the poems on stone carvings seen by the Ming Dynasty to the quotations of Xiqing Shihua, the texts are quite different, and obviously they have been polished. The author is not from Jiangnan, so it seems that "traveling dozens of miles in Jiangnan" is not changed by the author himself. Of course, the revised edition is more refined and mature in art. Five, Fang Ze's "Wuchang Blocking the Wind"

The spring breeze on the river leaves a guest boat, and the endless thoughts flow to the east.

I spend my leisure time with you near the water, and forget my worries when I look at flying flowers.

The circulating track of this poem is the same as that quoted by Du Chang, but unlike Du Chang, there is no doubt that there are stone carvings and official biographies seen by Ming people. The information about Fang Ze's life is scattered. According to Volume III of Puyang Bishi, Volume 267 of Xuzi Zhitongjian, Volume 18 of Notes on Poems in the Valley, and Volume IV of Shaowu Fuzhi of Jiajing, we can generally spell out his life: Gongyue, a native of Putian. In the eighth year of Xining, he became the official of Dali Temple, and removed Jiangxi Road to promote Changping. Yuan You knew Shao Wu for five years. In the first year of Yuanfu, he was a doctor in the official department. Looking for Wanzhou. Ezhou, the official of Jianzhong Jingguo, sang with Huang Tingjian. In this way, it is consistent with the "recent biography" mentioned in Xiqing Shihua.

Poetry is the author's work in his later years, and the details are difficult to restore. It is more likely that it was written when knowing Wanzhou or Guan Ezhou was released. Ezhou is near Wuchang, and the author's home is in the middle of Fujian. The first way to return home is along the river. Maybe he hasn't returned home for a long time, maybe there is something urgent at home, and he is eager to return home as soon as possible. However, due to the wind on the river, it is difficult to make the scheduled trip, so we can only stay. The poet explained that this is a spring breeze, and deliberately staying. The "Jun" in the last two sentences should refer to the spring breeze, the strong wind keeps going, and I am approaching the water every day to make a trip, as if I had an appointment with the wind. Although the longing for home is like an arrow, it is unreasonable to think about it, but the spring breeze and spring flowers give themselves endless comfort and forget their worries in the charming spring scenery. The poem is written casually, but it is romantic, giving people the feeling that each has his own gains in staying, which won the poet's gentle purport. Sixth, Tang Yanqian's "Mulberry Picker"

The spring breeze blows silkworms as thin as ants, and mulberry bud's mouth is green.

who's your daughter in the morning? Holding a long arm and crying like rain.

At the beginning of last year's sleep, the cold leaves in spring are released late this year.

I'm worried about urging Li Xu outside the door, and the government collects new silk in February.

for the poems, see the Complete Poems of Tang Dynasty (Volume 671), and earlier, see the Lumen Poems published in Ming Dynasty. This poem is included in Selected Poems of the Tang Dynasty published by the Institute of Literature of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and it is included in all editions of the Shanghai Dictionary of Appreciation of Tang Poetry. It is relatively straightforward in art, but as far as writing about class exploitation is concerned, it is indeed a rare and appropriate work.

intuitively speaking, there is a doubt about this poem. Nie Yizhong's "Wounded Tian Jia" is a famous poem, which sells new silk in February and crops in autumn in May. The last sentence of this poem seems to be suspected of relying on others or plagiarizing. But as far as the lives of Tang and Nie are concerned, they are basically people of the same era, and it is hard to say who copied them.

However, there are many doubts about the Poems of Lu Men written by Tang Yanqian. Zheng Yi from the Tang Dynasty, Xue Tingjue from the Five Dynasties and Yang Yi from the early Song Dynasty all compiled Tang collections, but they were not preserved. There are three volumes of Lumen Poetry published in the Ming Dynasty, and there are many books in it. It is said that Zhu Xuzeng's Book of Reading in a Beneficial Studio, Volume 5, Yi Yuan Ji Yi Manuscript, this collection "mistakenly collected the works of Shu Yuan, and sixty-two poems were the same as the thirty volumes". Modern Zheng Qian's Six Notes on Tang Yanqian (Journal of Soochow Literature and History, first series, 1976), Cao Xun's The So-called Meng Haoran and His Son in Tang Yanqian's Poems (Series of Chinese Literature and History, No.3, 1983), and Wang Zhaopeng's Discrimination of 4 False Poems by Tang Yanqian (Series of Chinese Literature and History, No.52) Zhu Xu once saw the "Yi Yuan Yi Draft", which does not exist today, so that today people see less Dai poems than Zhu. Today's people re-edit.