Answers to the analysis of Chinese language texts in the third year of junior high school

1. What are the analysis of the techniques for reading and answering questions in classical Chinese in junior middle school: 1. The recitation of classical Chinese poems requires not missing a word, not adding a word, not pouring a word, and not changing a word; writing classical Chinese silently Poetry sentences should not only be coherent, but also should be word-by-word when written silently. In the high school entrance examination, you usually write 4 sentences of poetry and 2 sentences of prose silently, and pay special attention to memorizing the famous sentences in the chapter. Remember and correct typos in your previous dictation. 2. The understanding and appreciation of ancient poetry should focus on the ancient poems, lyrics and music that appear in the reading chapters in each textbook, and focus on the accumulation of common knowledge about ancient culture and literature, especially the annotations in the textbooks; the appreciation guidance and exercises in the "Chapter Click" should be fully Understand, understand the poem, the main content and writing intention of the poem, and the author's thoughts and feelings accurately. 3. For some famous works by famous writers, you should also know the author’s name, life time and the title of the article. 4. Master the meaning of common content words in classical Chinese and the usage of 6 function words. Generally speaking, the special usages in ancient Chinese are: multiple meanings of a word, false meanings, flexible use of parts of speech, and different meanings in ancient and modern times. Therefore, special attention should be paid to such words in the text, and the usage of the 150 content words and 6 function words included in "Chapter Click" must be understood and mastered, especially the meanings that appear in junior high school textbooks. 5. Be sensitive to “special sentence patterns” in sentence translation. For example, in omitted sentences, pay attention to adding the omitted subject and object; such as judgment sentences, inversion sentences (object in front, adverbial in back), passive sentences, rhetorical questions, etc. When translating, the meaning of key content words and the usage of function words must be implemented, and the mood and sentence pattern of the translated sentence must be consistent with the original sentence. 6. When reading extracurricular classical Chinese, don’t be nervous when you encounter a word you don’t know or a word you didn’t think of at once. Contact the context and the plot of the story (article) to understand (guess) its meaning and bring the word to the article. To understand, remember that translation cannot be separated from the article. If there are notes under the selected text, be sure to make full use of the notes' prompting effect. 7. When reading passages in class, pay attention to the summary of the main content of the selected text. If it is within the scope of your own review and control, you can of course answer the questions from memory; if you do not review well or remember clearly, you must read the selected text carefully. Collect and process information and then make a reasonable and concise statement. In extracurricular reading of classical Chinese, we should pay attention to the understanding of principles contained in the article or the summary and refinement of the character traits of the characters in the article. Common examination methods: From the perspective of examination format, single reading is mainly used, and some arrange comparative reading or linked reading of paragraphs, paragraphs and poems. The article selection adopts a combination of in-class and extra-curricular methods. Judging from the examination questions in recent years, famous articles such as "Zou Ji satirizes the King of Qi for accepting advice", "Yueyang Tower", "Drunkard's Pavilion" and other famous articles with a high selection rate have been selected in the class. The curriculum standard's requirement for classical Chinese reading is: "Read simple classical Chinese and be able to understand the basic content with the help of annotations and reference books." The selection of classical Chinese reading materials for the high school entrance examination must be "easy", and the understanding of "easy" should be: most of the text The words are common content words and function words. Even if there are a few rare words or unusual allusions in the selected text, annotations will be arranged to reduce the difficulty, so that candidates can "pick it up in just one jump" based on their junior high school classical Chinese learning. to the fruit”. Question type analysis and problem-solving strategies: In the examination of classical Chinese prose, the common test points and question types are nothing more than word explanation, sentence segmentation, sentence translation, textual meaning induction, writing analysis, character and work evaluation, etc. Here are some suggestions on review and problem-solving methods: 1. Accurately explain the meaning of the words. Pay attention to the use of annotations, the accumulated knowledge of content words and function words, and the use of expanded associations and related word combinations to confirm the meaning of words in the contextual language environment. 2. Translate sentences correctly and smoothly. When translating a sentence, firstly, the content must be correct and consistent with the meaning of the text; secondly, the translated sentence must be accurately expressed, decent and fluent. 3. Summarize the meaning of the text. Often by filling in the blanks and answering questions, the level of the article, the characteristics of the scenery, and the main points of the content are tested (for example, Hubei Wuhan Volume 10: What are the main aspects of Nian Gengyao's good use of troops? Please give a brief summary. Jilin Volume 15: Please use conciseness The language summarizes the anecdotes of Fan Zhongyan's reading described in this article), the character's personality traits and emotional attitudes, the meaning of the work, and the reading experience.

This is the most frequently tested point besides word explanation and sentence translation. When answering, be sure to pay attention to reading the full text and be good at focusing on the details, filtering important information, and summarizing the key points. At the same time, you must consider the accuracy of the answer's wording. The summary must be unobtrusive, impartial, and to the point. 4. Compare reading. This is a more common question type in recent years. Commonly used is to compare two paragraphs of materials. The relevant points of the materials generally lie in the subject matter, themes, characters, techniques, social significance, etc. of the work. Some are mainly in-class prose and link to relevant extracurricular materials (such as "Zou Ji satirizes the king of Qi and accepts remonstrance" and "Zou Ji, the Marquis of Cheng, is the Prime Minister of Qi" in Changzhou volume of Jiangsu Province, "Biao Shishi" and "Zhuge Liang talks about family affairs" in Huangshi volume of Hubei Province); Some of the two articles are travel notes describing scenery ("Three Gorges" and "Books with Zhu Yuan" in the Guangxi Liuzhou volume); some are articles written by the same author about different scenic spots (such as "Manjing Travels" and "Huqiu" by Yuan Hongdao in the Hubei Qianjiang volume). "Records"); some use two paragraphs of material on related themes (such as "Fish I Want" and "Yan Zi Admonished Duke Jing" in Binzhou Volume of Shandong Province, and two paragraphs of material on appreciating lotus in the Xiamen Volume of Fujian Province). Comparative reading is just a form. There is a complementary or mutually reinforcing relationship between two or more paragraphs of material. Some propositions are based on the comprehensive aspects of the two paragraphs, and some are separate propositions. The topics are irrelevant to each other. The materials There is no comparison between the two. The latter one is just a supplement to the previous one in terms of content or number of questions. The test points are basically the same as the single test. 5. Expand migration. In order to make the past relevant to the present and apply what has been learned, the questions often test the evaluation of the theme of the prose and the thoughts and feelings of the characters, and require the candidates to talk about their views on certain points in connection with the actual situation. To answer this type of question, we must be good at reading the outstanding ideological qualities of characters from ancient historical materials, reading the precious humanistic spirit from events, and evaluate their social significance from a developmental perspective. At the same time, we must also pay attention to the limitations of the times and appropriately Choose and discard rationally. 6. Writing analysis. Including language taste, rhetoric appreciation, structural analysis, article style interpretation, etc. When answering questions, try to use the texts you have learned, associate with the training questions you have done, draw inferences from one instance to the other, and look for answers. Misunderstanding Reminder Example Classical Chinese Reading (A) Read the following and answer the questions. "The Drunkard's Pavilion" ①Chuzhou is surrounded by mountains. Its southwest peaks and forest valleys. 2. What are the topics in the classical Chinese essays in the high school entrance examination? Contents of the classical Chinese essays in the high school entrance examination 1. Quotations from Confucius 2. Fish is what I want Mencius 3. Born in sorrow, died in happiness Mencius 4. Cao GUI’s polemic in Zuo Zhuan 5. Zou Ji’s satire on King Na of Qi Admonishing the Warring States Policy 6. Zhuge Liang's Departure 7. Tao Qian in the Peach Blossom Spring 8. Li Daoyuan in the Three Gorges 9. Miscellaneous Comments (4) Han Yu 10. Inscription on the Humble House Liu Yuxi 11. Liu Zongyuan in the Xiaoshitan 12. Fan Zhongyan in the Yueyang Tower 13. Ouyang Xiu in the Drunkard's Pavilion 14. Ai Lian talks about Zhou Dunyi 15. Remembering Su Shi's night tour of Chengtian Temple 16. Preface to Ma Sheng in Dongyang (excerpt) Song Lian's high school entrance examination classical Chinese question type analysis of test points for the first category of classical Chinese characters , Contact context 2, Compare doubts 3, Pay attention to accumulation and look for patterns Appendix 1 List of frequently tested content words Appendix 2 List of frequently tested function words Category 2 Analysis of test points for sentence segmentation in classical Chinese Detailed explanation of test points 1. Rhythm of classical Chinese reading aloud 2. Revealing the method of sentence segmentation in classical Chinese 1. Overall Perception, natural sentence segmentation 2. Grasp the meaning of words and accurately segment sentences 3. With the help of grammar, segment sentences reasonably Appendix Classical Chinese Sentence Patterns Category 3 Analysis of Classical Chinese Translation Test Points Revealing the Secrets of Sentence and Mood Therapy 1. Basic requirements for classical Chinese translation: faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance 2. Basic methods of classical Chinese translation Category 4 Understanding and Appreciation of Classical Chinese Content Category 5 Comprehensive Training of Classical Chinese. 3. Five extracurricular classical Chinese passages for the High School Entrance Examination (with answers) 100 selected classical Chinese reading questions (with answers) (1) Read the following classical Chinese passages and complete questions 1-5. (Lianyungang) [A] The late emperor and his ministers were cautious, so they sent important matters to their ministers when he was about to die. Since receiving the order, I have been lamenting all night, fearing that the entrustment would not be effective and would harm the late emperor's wisdom. Therefore, I crossed Lu in May and went deep into the barren area.

Now the south has been secured, the troops and armor are sufficient, the three armies have been led by troops, and the central plains have been set in the north. The common people have been exhausted and the slaves have been dull, the traitors have been eliminated, the Han Dynasty has been restored, and the old capital has been restored. This minister owes his duty to the late Emperor and to be loyal to His Majesty. (Excerpted from Zhuge Liang's "Shi Shi Biao") [B] On the day of receiving the order, I couldn't sleep well and couldn't eat well. When thinking about the northern expedition, it is better to enter the south first. Therefore, we crossed Shanghai in the fifth month, penetrated deep into the barren area, and ate the sun. I am not without pity for myself, and I should not be content with the capital of Shu in consideration of the king's career, so I risked danger to fulfill the late emperor's last wish, but the people who discussed it said it was not a plan. Nowadays, the thieves are tired of working in the west, and they are working in the east. The art of war is taking advantage of the work. This is the time to advance. (Excerpt from Zhuge Liang's "The Later Disciple") 1. Explain the highlighted words in the following sentences. ① Therefore, when the collapse is imminent, it is necessary to send a message to the ministers about important events ② Exhaust the common people and destroy the treacherous villains ③ Thinking about the northern expedition, it is better to go to the south first ④ Today's thieves are tired of the west 2. In the following sets of sentences, add one of the words that have the same meaning and usage. It is: ( ) A. The former emperor and his ministers were cautious B. Traffic on the street, chickens and dogs heard each other C. Therefore, he risked danger to fulfill the last wish of the late emperor D. Whenever he understood something, he happily forgot to eat 3. The meaning of the words in each of the following sets of sentences The item with the same usage is ( ) A. Restore the Han Dynasty and return it to the old capital B. In order to fulfill the late emperor's wishes and take care of the king's business, we should not settle on the ridges where the Shu capital has stopped cultivating C. The people who argue say it is not a plan D . Therefore, when the collapse is approaching, I send my ministers a message saying that great things will come to light and the rocks will be revealed. It is because there are so many people and I will leave them with letters. 4. Translate the following sentences. ① The reason why this minister repays his duty to the late Emperor and is loyal to His Majesty is ② Therefore, he crossed to Shanghai in the fifth month, went deep into the barren area, and eclipsed the sun. 5. Looking at the contents of paragraphs A and B, briefly summarize Zhuge Liang's three reasons for requesting the Northern Expedition ① ② ③ ( Lianyungang) Answers: 1. ① Send: Entrust ② Get rid of: eradicate ③ Appropriate: Should ④ Suitable: Just right, just in time 2. D 3.A 4. ① This is to repay the late emperor and fulfill the duty of loyalty to His Majesty. ②So I crossed the Lu River in the fifth month and went deep into the desolate place where no crops could grow. I only had one meal in two days. (As long as the meaning is correct, Guan Jian's words cannot be translated incorrectly) 5. ① It is my duty to repay the kindness of the late emperor and to be loyal to His Majesty; ② The rebellion in the south has been put down and weapons and equipment are sufficient; ③ The enemy is threatened by the east and west and is in a state of crisis. When you are tired. (2) Read the following two passages in classical Chinese and complete questions 6-9. (Title of the Hainan Province Curriculum Reform Area) (A) Guanfu Baling Shengzhuang, at a lake in Dongting. It holds the distant mountains and swallows the Yangtze River, which is vast and boundless; the sun shines in the morning and the evening falls, and the scenery is endless. This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower. The descriptions of predecessors have been prepared. However, it is connected to Wu Gorge in the north and Xiaoxiang in the South Pole. Migrant poets and poets often meet here, and the feeling of looking at the things is the same? Sigh! I try to seek the benevolent heart of the ancients, or do it differently from the two, why? Don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself; if you live high in a temple, you worry about its people; if you live far away in the rivers and lakes, you worry about your king. It means that you are worried when you advance, and you are also worried when you retreat. But when will you be happy? It must be said, "Be worried about the world's worries first, and be happy after the world's happiness." Alas! Weisi people, who can I return to? (B) The wind and smoke are all pure, and the Tianshan Mountains are beautiful. Drifting in the current, anything. From Fuyang to Tonglu, a hundred miles or so, there are strange mountains and rivers, unique in the world. The water is all pale blue, and you can see the bottom thousands of feet away. There are fish and rocks swimming around, which are unobstructed even if you look directly at them. The rapids are like arrows, and the waves are as fierce as running. The mountains between the banks are all covered with cold trees. Competing against each other, competing with each other; competing for heights, reaching thousands of peaks. The spring water stirs the rocks, making a cool sound; the good birds sing to each other, and their chirping becomes a rhyme. The cicada spins endlessly, while the ape cries endlessly. Those who fly violently to the sky look at the peaks and calm their minds; those who are economical in world affairs look into the valleys and forget to rebel. The top of the horizontal keel is covered, and it is still dim during the day; the sparse strips overlap, and sometimes the sun can be seen. 6. One of the incorrect phonetic notations of the underlined characters below is ( ) A. Haohaotangtang (tang1) B. Addressing distant mountains (xian2) C. Mutual xuanmiao (miao3) D. Linglingxiang (ling2) 7., Explain the underlined word in the sentence. (1) Boundless (2) Worry before the worries of the world (3) The ape will scream endlessly (4) Peeping into the valley and forgetting to rebel 8. Translate the sentences. (1) I try to seek the heart of ancient benevolent people. Translation: . (2) The rapids are like arrows, and the waves are as fierce as rushing. Translation: . 9. In terms of scenery description, Section A mainly describes it from a visual perspective, highlighting the scenery characteristics of Dongting Lake. Section B is a visual and perspective description, reflecting the characteristics of the route from Fuyang to Tonglu (answer in the original text).

Answer: 6. A7, (1) Ya: side (2) Xian: before...; put... in front (3) Jue: stop (4) Anti: pass "return", return 8. (1) I once explored the thoughts and feelings of people with noble moral character in ancient times. (2) (sometimes fast) The rapids are faster than arrows, and the rapid waves are like galloping horses. "Yu, Qiu, Xin, Ben" and other words are implemented well, and the meaning of the sentence can be expressed clearly and accurately, and you will get full marks. If individual key words are not implemented well and the meaning is not clear and complete, points will be deducted as appropriate. If the translated sentences are far from what you intended, no points will be awarded. 9. Hearing majesty “Strange mountains and rivers are unique in the world.” The first blank should be filled in with synonyms of “magnificent”, “endless” or “majestic”; the third blank should only be filled in with “strange mountains and rivers” or “magnificent”. "The world is unique" is also correct. (3) Read the article "Three Gorges" and complete questions 10-14: (Question from Yueyang City) Seven hundred miles from the Three Gorges, there are mountains on both sides, with no gaps at all; there are many mountains and mountains, hiding the sky and blocking out the sun, and it is not a pavilion. There is no bright moon at midnight. As for Xiashui Xiangling, it is blocked along the way. Or if the king's order is urgently announced, sometimes he will send the White Emperor in the morning and arrive at Jiangling in the evening. During this period of 1,200 miles, even if he rides on the wind and rides on the wind, he will not be in a hurry. In spring and winter, the green pool is green and the reflection is clear. There are many grotesque cypress trees in the mountains, with springs and waterfalls hanging down from them. It's clear, majestic, majestic and full of interest. Every sunny and frosty day, in the cold woods and austere streams, a tall ape often cries out, which is very bleak and bleak. Therefore, the fisherman sang: "The Badong Three Gorges and the Wu Gorge are long, and the apes cry three times and shed tears on their clothes!" 10. The following incorrect interpretation of the meaning of the highlighted words is () ”) B. A lot of fun (good: real) C. Clear and frosty day (dan: morning) D. Lin Hanjian solemn (solemn: serious) 11. Translation: Even if you ride on the wind and ride on the wind, you don’t use speed 12 The article spends a lot of words , using a positive description method to directly describe the scenery of the Three Gorges, but in the fourth paragraph, it writes "The Fisherman's Song". This is a descriptive method used, and its function is. 13. The description of the scenery of the Three Gorges in the article is very distinctive. Please select two more scenes from the text and describe them by imitating the example sentences. Example: turquoise pool water, weird pines.

4. Junior high school classical Chinese reading training Junior high school extracurricular classical Chinese reading test questions and answers Original text 1. Zhao Xiang is the master of learning from the imperial family. "The master taught me how to drive, but the skills are not yet exhausted." He replied: "The skills have been exhausted, and if you use them, you will pass. The most precious thing about driving is that the horse's body is at peace with the chariot, and the human heart is attuned to the horse, and then you can chase the speed and reach great distances. Today The king and the queen want to hasten their ministers, but first they are afraid of catching them. The husband is tempted to fight for the distance, and it is not first and last. But the priority is all about the ministers, how can you adjust to the horse? The reason why this king is the queen." Introduction: Prince Zhao Xiang, the master of imperial education, pointed out in particular: "The most valuable thing about imperialism is that the horse's body is at ease with the chariot, and the human heart is attuned to the horse, and then you can chase the speed and achieve great distances." In fact, this is true for everything we do, we must concentrate on it and have a clear goal. Comments: ①Zhao Xiangzhu: Zhao Xiangzi. Yu: driving. Ziqi: a person who was good at driving in ancient times. ②Zhu: chasing, here refers to driving and horse racing. ③Yi: change. After: directional noun as verb, behind. ④Tune: Harmony. ⑤ Lure: guide. ⑥ This... So: This is the reason for.... Refinement 1. Explanation of words with added points 1. Zhao Xiang studied imperialism in the prince's period ( ) 2. His skills are not yet exhausted ( ) 3. First Then you are afraid of being caught by the minister ( ) 4. The husband lures you to fight for the distance ( ) 2. Translation 1. The skill has been exhausted, and it is too late to use it. ____________________________ 2. The human heart is attuned to the horse, and then it can chase the speed and distance. ____________________________ 3. And in sequence The heart belongs to the minister, so how can one control the horse? 3. What do you think is the reason for King Zhao Xiang's backwardness? Do you agree with Wang Ziqi's view? ①. Spring comes and winter reverses, confusing people and losing their way. ②. Guan Zhong said: "The wisdom of the old horse can be used." He let the old horse go and followed it, and then he found the way. When there was no water in the mountains, Xi Peng said: "An ant lives in winter." In the sun of the mountain, summer dwells in the shade of the mountain, and there is water within an inch of the ant soil. "I dig the ground and get water. Introduction: All things in nature have their own unique personalities. If people can learn from nature, then all things can be for us. Used to benefit mankind. Notes: ① Guan Zhong, Xi (x) Peng: They were all ministers during the reign of Duke Huan of Qi, and helped Duke Huan achieve his hegemony. Lone Bamboo: the name of an ancient country. ② Confused: lost and unable to find the way back. ③ Digging: Digging. Refining 1. Explain the added words 1. Spring goes and winter turns back ( ) 2. Confused and lost track ( ) 3. Then water comes ( ) 2. Translation 1. Guan Zhong said: "The wisdom of the old horse can be used." ____________________________ 2. Ants live in the sun of the mountain in winter and in the shade of the mountain in summer. ____________________________ 3. The story in the article is the origin of the idiom _____, which is now a metaphor ______________. Original text 3. To get people through a well. In the Song Dynasty, the Ding family did not have a well, so they came out to irrigate and drain, and there was always one person. Living outside ①. He and his family went through a well, and told others: "I went through the well and got a man." Someone who heard about it said: "Ding passed through the well and got a man." The people of the country learned about it, and heard about it to the king of Song Dynasty. Song Jun asked someone to ask Ding about it, and Ding replied: "To get an envoy, you don't have to find a person in the well." If you want to hear something like this, it is better than nothing. Introduction: Rumors should not be credulous, and seek truth from facts. Especially " It is even more forbidden to spread falsehoods. Notes: ① Often one person is sent outside: one person is often sent outside. ② The Chinese people say: everyone in the country is talking about it. ③ One person's envoy: It means that if you dig a well at home, you don't need to Then send people outside to fetch water, saving one labor force is equivalent to getting one more person to use. Refined, explain the words with added points 1. His family wears a well ( ) 2. The way of the country ( ) 3. It is better than being unknown ( ) ) 2. Analyze the following usages of the word "get" 1. I went through a well and found someone ( ) 2. Looking for the direction I wanted, I lost my way and no longer found the way ( ) 3. I am there today, but I can't see it tomorrow if I go tomorrow. ! ( ) 3. Translation 1. The people of the country know it and heard it from the king of Song Dynasty. _______________

________ 2. To get an envoy from a person, you have to get a person from a well. ____________________ 4. The story of "getting someone through a well" tells us the dangers of ____________________. Original text 4. The opposite is true. Today, I came and saw someone in Daxing, facing north. Then he took his horse and told the minister, "I want Chu." The minister said, "Your Majesty belongs to Chu. I will show Xi to the north." He said, "My horse is good!" The minister said, "Although the horse is good, it is not from Chu." Road." He said: "I use ③ more!" The minister said: "Although there are many uses, this is not the road of Chu." He said: "My ruler ④ is good!" The better the number, the farther away from Chu. Ear. Introduction: Everyone knows the idiom "in the opposite direction". If the action and the purpose are opposite, the result can only be the opposite. Notes: ① Hold the reins: Hold the reins and drive his car. ②: Verb , go, arrive. ③ Use: funds, that is, travel expenses. ④ Charioteer: servant who drives the car. Refined one, explain the words with added points 1. I want the beauty of my heart ( ) 2. I will ridicule to the north ( ) 3. My horse is good ( ) 4. The person with this number is better ( ) 2. Translation 1. Although the horse is good, this is not the road to Chu. _______________________ 2. The person with this number is better, but the farther away from Chu. _______________________ 3. Idiom ______ From this article, the metaphor is ____________________. Original text 5. A thousand-mile horse. In ancient times, there was a king who asked for a thousand-mile horse with a thousand pieces of gold. He could not get it in three years. The horse is dead, so I will buy its bones for five hundred gold and return them to you. The king was furious and said, "The person you asked for gave birth to a horse. If the horse is dead, I will donate five hundred gold!" Juan said to him, "The horse is dead." If you buy a horse for five hundred gold, the world will regard the king as the market horse. The horse is here now. "So you can't predict the future, and the horse with a thousand miles will arrive three times. Introduction: "If the horse is dead, buy it for five hundred gold. , Juan Ren's rhetorical question can be said to directly point out the true intention of his actions. And in the end, "You can't predict the number of years, a thousand-mile horse will come only three times", which can be said to be expected. Notes: ① An Shi Dead horse: What to do with a dead horse? ② Donate: waste it in vain. ③ Market: buy. Refined, explain the words with added points 1. Jun sent it ( ) 2. And donated five hundred gold ( ) 3. So it cannot be paid every year ( ) 2. Analyze the following meanings of the word "Yi": 1. There are those who ask for a thousand-mile horse with a thousand pieces of gold ( ) 2. The king in the world must be the king who can sell the horse ( ) 3. But I only survive by catching snakes ( ) 4. Watching people as a husband How can the wind be achieved ( ) 3. Why did Juan Ren buy the horse's bones for 500 gold? (Answer with the words in the text) ____________________________________________ 4. Translation 1. The person you asked for gave birth to a horse, and the one you asked for died a horse ____________________________. 2. So you can't predict the future. , Three thousand-mile horses arrive. ____________________. 5. Please read 5 classical Chinese texts, including the original text, reading questions, reading answers and notes. One Yanzi's imperial concubine is Qi Xiang, come out. His wife peeped through the door. Her husband was in charge of the prime minister, supported the big canopy, and rode the four-horse horse. He was very high-spirited and very content with himself. After returning home, his wife invited him to go ③. The husband asked why. The wife said: "Yan Zi is less than six feet long. His body looks like the Qi Kingdom, and his name is prominent among the princes. When I see him coming out, my ambition is very deep, and there are often people who want to get down. The current son is eight feet long, and he is a servant. Yu. However, I thought I was satisfied and wanted to go. "Then my husband was self-destructive." Yan Zi asked about it strangely, and Yu answered it with truth⑧. Yan Zi recommended him as a doctor. Notes: ① Royal: Horseman. ②Si Ma: A carriage drawn by four horses. ③Go: leave, here refers to divorce. ④ Prime Minister: Serve as the Prime Minister of the country. ⑤Ambition: ambition and thinking things. ⑥From the bottom: modest. ⑦Self-inhibition: restrain yourself and remain humble. ⑧Yes: Answer. [Translation]: When Yanzi was the prime minister of Qi, he went out one day. The coachman's wife peeked at her husband through the crack in the door. Her husband drove the car for the Prime Minister. He sat under an umbrella and whipped the four horses in front of the car, looking very proud and high-spirited.

After the coachman came back, his wife asked for a divorce. The coachman asked her why. The wife said: "Yanzi is less than six feet tall. He is a prime minister and is famous in all countries. Today, I saw him going out with far-reaching wisdom and humility. Now look Look at you, you are eight feet tall, but you seem to be very satisfied with your job as a coachman, so I asked for a divorce." From then on, her husband became more restrained and more humble. Yan Zi felt strange and asked him what was going on. The coachman told the truth, and Yan Zi recommended him to become a doctor. 1.Explain the following phrases. (1) High-spirited: (2) Famous among princes: 2. Write the meaning of the following two sentences in modern Chinese. Now, when I look at the concubine coming out, my thoughts are deep, and there are always those who come down from me. 3. Select one item that is incorrectly understood and analyzed. ( ) A. This article is a fable, short and concise, with profound meaning. It implicitly expresses the point of view and explains the truth, and is highly persuasive. B. This article narrates a story very delicately. Although it is vivid and vivid, it is difficult for readers to grasp the author's true intention. It seems not prudent enough to recommend state ministers in this way. 4. Yanzi is an ancient famous figure. Combined with the text, use his own words to describe his criteria for selecting talents. Answer: 1. (1) Arrogant, elated, dancing, getting carried away, etc.; (2) Having a great reputation among the princes and countries. 2. I saw him go out today. Although he was ambitious and far-sighted, he always showed himself to be very humble. 3.B4. Yanzi’s standard is: humbly accept opinions when there are shortcomings and correct them in a timely manner. Erziyu discusses the war between Song Gong and Chu people Zhan and Hong (①). The people of Song Dynasty were already in line, but the people of Chu were not yet (②) Ji (③). Sima (4) said: "I have few of them, and they haven't helped yet, so please attack them." The Duke said: "No." Since they have helped but haven't formed a line, they have to report. The duke said: "It's not possible." After Chen (⑤) and then attacked, the Song army was defeated. (Excerpt from "") Notes (1) Hong: Hongshui (2) Ji: done, finished (3) Ji: to cross (4) Sima: the highest officer in command of the army, here refers to Ziyu. (5) Chen: Same as "formation", set up the formation. [Translation]: Song Xianggong led his troops to fight with the Chu army at Hongshui. The Song army has already lined up, but the Chu army has not yet crossed the river. Ziyu said: "There are many of them and we are few. Please give the order to attack them before they all cross the river." Duke Xiang said: "No." After all the Chu army had crossed the river and they had not yet lined up, Ziyu reported the above opinions to Duke Xiang. . Duke Xiang said, "It's not enough yet." He waited until the Chu army was ready and then attacked them. As a result, the Song army was defeated. 1. Explain the meaning of punctuated words. The people of the Song Dynasty formed a line ( ) 2. Translate the following sentences. I have few of them, so please attack them if they are not ready to help. 3. Answer the questions using original sentences. (3 points) The "Song division's defeat" in the article is because Song Gong missed the opportunity to launch an attack: (1), ; (2). Answer: 1. Queue 2. The opponent has many people but we have few. Before they have completely crossed the river, please give the order to attack them. 3(1) The people of Song Dynasty were already in line, but the people of Chu were not already in aid (as in the second half of the answer); (2) They were already in aid but not in line. Three Confucius met Jinggong of Qi. Confucius met Jinggong of Qi, and Jinggong went to Linqiu ① to support ②. Confucius refused to accept his words, so he turned to his disciples and said: "I heard that a gentleman should be rewarded for his merit. Now I am talking about Duke Jin. Jinggong gave him Linqiu before he could do it. It is also true that he didn't know Qiu." He ordered his disciples. Driving with pleasure, walking with words. (Excerpt from "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals") Note: ① Linqiu: place name. ② Support: a place of support. ③Wei Zhixing: Did not adopt my suggestion. ④Qiu: Confucius, named Qiu. [Translation]: Confucius paid homage to Duke Jin of Qi, who presented Linqiu as a gift to Confucius. Confucius refused to accept the gift of land, returned to his residence, and said to his disciples: "I have only heard that a gentleman should be rewarded for his meritorious service. Now I persuade Duke Jing, but Duke Jin does not act according to my advice, but gives me Lin. Qiu Yi, he doesn't understand me very well." So he ordered his disciples to drive, bid farewell to Duke Jing and leave. 1. Explain the meaning of the added words in the following sentences. (1) Confucius's Ci Bu Ci: (2) Today's Jinggong said: 2. Use modern Chinese to write the meaning of the following sentences in the article.

Is it okay? 3. Why did Confucius refuse to accept the land given to him by Jinggong? Answer: 1. (1) Refusal, refusal (2) Lobbying, persuasion 2. Can’t this practice also be stopped? 3. Confucius believed that he had no merit, did not do his job well, and was not qualified to receive support. Fourth [A]: Not only do I have a crown and admire the way of saints and sages, but I also worry about the lack of masters and famous people, so I try to travel hundreds of miles away to study the scriptures from the pioneers in my hometown. The first Dade Long Wangzun, whose disciples filled his room, did not even lose his words. Yu Li waited on the left and right, bending down to ask questions and asking questions; or when he was yelling at someone, he would become more respectful and courteous, not daring to say a word; when he was pleased, he would ask again. Therefore, although I am stupid, I have learned something. [B]: People are learning, if they don’t make progress every day, they will retreat. Studying alone without friends will make you lonely and difficult to achieve. If you stay together for a long time, you will become accustomed to it without realizing it. Unfortunately, if you are in a remote area and do not have the resources to drive or horse, you should still inquire eruditely to find out what is right and wrong. You can probably get fifty or six out of ten. If you neither leave home nor study, you will be a person who faces the wall. Although you have the talents of Zi Gao and Yuan Xian, you will not be able to help the world. Confucius said: "In a city with ten houses, there must be some who are as loyal as Qiu, but not as good at learning as Qiu." As a sage like Confucius, one must still be eager to learn, why don't people today encourage him? (Excerpt from Gu Yanwu's "Letter to Friends") [Notes] ① [Luxury] One-sided and shallow. ②[Capital] Money. ③[Review] Details. ④[． 6. The fourth major Chinese language question in the 2010 Shanghai High School Entrance Examination Extracurricular Classical Chinese (4) Read the following, and the completion grade should be B. I think the basis is: in Chinese translation, everyone’s contradictions are over the word "Zai". After consulting the "Concise Ancient Chinese Dictionary" 》It also has the following meaning: 1 numeral, twice. 2 numeral, the second time. 3 adverb, repeated. 4 adverb, even more. There is no such meaning as "many times". In the ancient Chinese dictionary, there is a special note : Note that in ancient Chinese, "see you again in three years" means "see you twice in three years" rather than "see you again in three years." In this multiple-choice question, we use "re-copy" and the ancient Chinese dictionary "See you again in three years" has the same meaning, that is, two transcriptions. You can't just read the following article "Five Changes to the Draft". Please note: in the sentence before "re-translation", in the sentence "the second draft of the volume is rat-gnawed again" , should no longer be interpreted as "twice" being bitten by mice. There is no necessary connection between "Five Changes of the Draft" and being bitten several times.