The most beautiful village in China: the antique Anhui ancient village.

There are many well-preserved ancient villages in Anhui. Although it is not as tender as the ancient town of Jiangnan, it also has its own charm. They are surrounded by mountains and rivers, with large-scale ancient buildings, curling kitchen smoke and children playing in villages. This is a paradise, but it is full of vitality.

Hongcun, Anhui

Hongcun, Taiji Lake and Nanping are the representatives. Taking advantage of the warm sunshine in spring, let's take a trip to the ancient villages in Anhui and appreciate the charm of beautiful countryside in the south of China.

Gorgeous country

Indulge in the quiet and distant Moxiang village of Hongcun.

Li Mubai leads the horse. Many students from art colleges all over the world come here to sketch. In their spare time, they rent a bike to cross the rice fields. Such a pleasant journey can be realized all year round. There are more tourists than in previous years, but they are not too crowded. It's a beautiful morning by the lake. The prospect of lotus leaf and the reflection of Huizhou old house with smoke curling up are simply an idyllic picture. This is no stranger. You should remember this scene on an 8-cent ordinary stamp many years ago.

The belly-shaped village makes you marvel at the wisdom and poetry of Huizhou merchants. The water flows to the door of every household and finally gathers in the moon pool near the village. The alley is deep and the horse head wall often reminds me of many scenes from 755 to 79 when I was a child. Tang Zhi is worth visiting. It is the most magnificent courtyard in the village. It is recommended to live in Songhe Hall, where there are lakes and pavilions. You can sleep in the old carved big bed at night, which is very enjoyable.

introduction to scenic spots

ancient dwellings of Hui nationality and ancient villages with cow-shaped water system.

inside Hongcun ancient building

Hongcun, an ancient residential building with a long history of more than 5 years, is a typical representative of Huizhou architecture and embodies the infinite wisdom of working people. The villages are distributed in a cow shape, and the water system cattle intestines penetrate into every household. For many years, clear water has been flowing into every household. After 5 years of baptism, Hongcun still maintains its original appearance, and its complete architecture has always been praised by tourists. The largest house, Chengzhitang, is called the Palace Museum.

There is a poem describing the wonder of Hongcun: the mountain is a horned bull's head tree, and the bridge is a four-hoofed house, which is enough to show the wonder of Hongcun. There are more than 14 well-preserved ancient Ming and Qing dwellings in the village. Hongcun is a unique and scientific village water system design built in ancient China according to bionics, which not only provides convenience for villagers to use water for production and life, but also creates a good environment of "how to make a long road around the economy and clear water in front of every house".

The macro village is called Niu-shaped village, which is definitely inseparable from cattle.

tripe: South Lake in Hongcun is shaped like a tripe and Fiona Fang, just in the position of tripe, which is a famous shape.

Cow's belly: There is a moon marsh in Hongcun. The cow's belly is half-moon, and the moon marsh is just right.

horns: two big trees, like horns of cattle, have a history of 5 years, but they are still flourishing and lush.

Tang Zhi: the largest private residence in Hongcun, known as the Palace Museum. Daqiquan is another scenic spot in Hongcun.

Hongcun tickets are full-price in 8 yuan, and students with student ID cards over 6 years old and military disability cards can enjoy half-price concessions. The tour guide fee is included in the ticket.

Beautiful Taiji Lake Village

In Jixi, the word quaint appears with the highest frequency, and Taiji Lake Village is the place where local residents speak the most. Approaching Taiji Lake Village, I feel "hidden in the boudoir, unknown" and marvel at the beauty brought by this ancient town.

taijihu village, a famous historical and cultural village in Anhui province, is 15km away from Jixi county and 3km away from Shangshufu scenic spot in Hu Zongxian, Longchuan. The Yuanxi River runs through the village in an "S" shape. It is an ancient Taiji geomantic village with a history of more than 8 years. This is the only way for the ancient Huizhou-Hangzhou road. The village still retains Yinquan Street in Ming Dynasty, thousand-year-old trees, ancient bridges and more than 1 ancient houses. At the entrance of the lake, most people will flow around the south of the village in an inverted "S" shape in a Yuanxi River named Liaozhai. The winding river completely divides the plot into two parts: village houses and cultivated land. People can't help but think of the folk "Tai Chi map".

draw a circle on the plan for renovation of hucun village in the construction of new socialist countryside in Jixi county. It is not difficult to find that the curved Yuanxi River is like a magical "Taiji" curve, which divides the lake village into villages and fields. If you draw the eyes of "Yin and Yang Fish" on two plots with different functions. A vivid folk "Tai Chi Diagram of Yin and Yang Fish" immediately caught my eye.

Zhang Ancestral Hall

Zhang Ancestral Hall

Entering Taiji Lake Village, a tall and majestic ancestral hall is located at the western end of the village-Zhang Ancestral Hall. On the zhaobi in front of the ancestral hall, there is a painted picture: a picture of a beast. In the swing pavilion hall of the temple, there is a Panlong incense pavilion in the Ming Dynasty, and there are six swing Panlong carved on the column, which represents the highest level of Huizhou wood carving and is a must. This is a prop of a traditional cultural swing in Taiji Lake Village. At the age of 4, every man in Taiji Village should "play", that is, have a large-scale entertainment activity of "swinging the pavilion". The swing is windmill-shaped, and the girls wear ancient clothes, tied to chairs, singing emblem tunes and playing with them. The pavilion is a square box of kapok, surrounded by ornamental flowers, and there are two or three young children who play the role of a play. The actors are fixed on the pavilion with steel bars according to the characters, leaving no traces, which is an amazing spectacle. It is a must in Jiangnan. Yinquan Street

Out of the ancestral hall, along the tortuous stone road, you will arrive at Yinquan Street, a water street. Yinquan Street was built in the Ming Dynasty, with a total length of more than 3 meters. Water comes from Shijingshan Mountain, passes through the village and flows into Shimen River. Throughout the year, the stream is endless, and the sound of water is like the melody of a piano. Even if the water rises in spring, the water can't reach the street, and the sound of running water is even more beautiful, so it is named Yinquan Street. Yinquan Street and North-South Main Street form a "D" shape, all paved with bluestone, and two stone bridges are erected on the street, which are called large and small stone bridges. There are more than 1 Huizhou-style buildings with white walls and blue tiles and horse heads on both sides of the river, including houses, shops, drug stores and oil mills. Most of them are buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties, which are simple and elegant, patchwork and row upon row. There are stone steps leading to the river for villagers to wash. "Small bridge, flowing water and people" presents a fresh and bright landscape of a village.

Brick Carving Archway

The first village of China gatehouse

The brick carving of the gatehouse of Taiji Village is the best in Huizhou, and each brick carving is a rare treasure with the romantic beauty of strange deformation. There are a large number of brick carvings, with 2 large carving areas and the largest carving area of 4.2 square meters; Doors are rich in shapes, such as scroll, tower, hanging flower column, etc. Skilled in carving techniques, with a strong three-dimensional effect and texture effect, the carving technique is at its peak; The sculpture is rich in content, vivid in image, appropriate in composition and prominent in theme; The brick door cover of this village has been carved for more than 3 years, which is an extremely rare literature and history material. Therefore, Taiji Lake Village is also called "the first village of China gatehouse".

Nanping Sunset Red

Nanping Overview

Nanping, located in the southwest of yi county, is an ancient village with a thousand years' history and a large scale. Up to now, nearly 3 ancient buildings in Ming and Qing dynasties have been completely preserved. The ancestral halls such as Kuiguangtang and Xuzhitang are huge and magnificent. "Shensitang", "Lingbingge" and other dwellings are dignified and elegant, with different styles; Shuikou "Wansonglin" ancient trees towering, the ancient bridge lying still; Seventy-two ancient temples crisscross between high walls and deep courtyards, like a maze, full of mystery. Nanping, Hongcun and other places are also the shooting places of many famous films, such as "Planning Map of Renovation of Hucun Village in the Construction of New Socialist Countryside in Jixi County", "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon" and "Fengyue".

Nanping observation point

1. Semi-Spring Garden: also known as "Meiyuan", was built in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty. This is a private school built by Ye, a wealthy businessman in the village, for his children to study. There are three big bookstores and half-moon courtyards in the park, and a couplet reads "Jingle music can forget the splendor of the porch crown, and clear travel wins the dust of the front". The "West Garden", which is famous for Yao Nai's Ju Dou, a famous essayist and representative of Tongcheng School in the Qing Dynasty, was built in 1791 in front of Ye's ancestral hall. Covering an area of nearly 1 hectare, it consists of four parts: Peony Garden, Meizhu Garden, Shanshui Garden and Songbai Garden. It was built by Ye Jun, a villager at that time, for children to learn and cultivate. The West Garden has been destroyed, and only the stone carving "West Garden" is left. The front door was closed, leaving the remains of Xiyuanxi, Xiyuan Bridge and ancient camphor trees. There are also "Lanpei Bookstore", "Yushan House" and "Meiyuan Family School" in the village.

2. Xu Zhitang: Ye's Ancestral Hall "Xu Zhitang" in Nanping Village is a solemn ancient temple with double eaves covering an area of 2, square meters. At the top of the door are gold plaques of "Appointing Hanlin", "Giving Hanlin by Qin" and "Taking a County by Qin", which show the merits of ancestors and bring glory to future generations. In front of the ancestral hall, it stands on the wall, with a tall gatehouse, and a pair of large stone drums with a height of more than one person are beautifully carved. Four large stone pillars support the forehead, carved with ancient Ding Bao bottles. Rank hall is divided into upper, middle and lower layers. As soon as you enter the gate, you will see 8 huge wooden pillars supporting this magnificent building. There are wooden couplets on the pillars, such as "Shilin sent Yan Jiayuan, Wu returned to the new atmosphere". The beams are hung with famous plaques such as Tribute Yuan, Jinshi, Jingkui, Song Jun Cao Jie, and Jin Hou Ji Born. Under the hall is a place to play drums and music, and you can also set up a stage for acting. The middle hall is the auditorium, the hall where sacrificial ceremonies are held, the upper hall is the hall for enjoyment, and the ancestral memorial tablet of the family is placed upstairs. The middle hall and the upper hall can accommodate hundreds of people for the ceremony. In the past, the gate of Zhitang was only opened on major festivals, and it was usually a side door. The height of the gate is higher than that of the other seven ancestral halls, and all ancestral halls with the same surname are insurmountable.

Nanping Ancient Town

3. Nanping Village: Nanping Village, formerly known as Yecun, is renamed Nanping Village because it is located on Nanping Mountain in the southwest and north. It turned out to be a very humble mountain village, and it developed rapidly after a Ye moved from Qimen baimashan in the late Yuan Dynasty. By the Ming Dynasty, Nanping Village had already reached a considerable scale, and the whole village gradually formed three surnames, namely Ye, Cheng and Li. At present, there are still 72 deep alleys, 36 wells and more than 3 ancient houses in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

4. ancestral halls in Nanping

The most distinctive buildings in Nanping should belong to ancestral halls. "The old patriarchal clan system is widespread in cities, and each surname has its own ancestral hall, branch and faction, which becomes an ancestral hall." There are still eight ancestral halls in Nanping, most of which are located on the central axis of Hengdian Street in front of the village, which is about 2 meters long. Among them, there are ancestral halls owned by the whole family, branch halls owned by a certain branch and family halls owned by one or several families. The ancestral hall is large in scale and small and exquisite, forming a group of ancestral halls with simple style and mysterious color.

5. Shensi Hall: Shensi Hall is a courtyard about half an acre in size, with complete stone benches and stones. The whole house faces west and east, with two entrances, three corridors and three steps. It entered through the gate covered with blue bricks. There is a small garden on the left, and the path paved with slate twists and turns to the main hall, which means "slanting happiness leads to slanting longevity".

The anteroom of the main room is completely arranged according to the pattern of that year. On the black painted plaque above the nave, there is a big gold regular script of "Shensi Hall", which was written by the famous Huang Tianbi.

The place where the harem moves is backward, and the backward place is smaller than the forward place. The backward woodcarving is well preserved, and the characters on it are lifelike, all of which are the characters in Yue Fei's biography. During the Cultural Revolution, the four old things broke down. This owner was clever. He put up a wood carving with yellow mud and quotations from Chairman Mao on it, so the rebels did not dare to destroy it at that time, but it was well preserved. This "Moon Boat Map" gives people beautiful enjoyment and profound enlightenment, both in shape and artistic conception. It is worth mentioning that there are earth stoves in the kitchen of the owner's house, energy-saving stoves used in the Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China and now, and convenient and simple gas stoves. From here, you can see the great changes in the countryside in the past hundred years. The ancestral hall of Shentang is Shangsu Hall.

6. Step by step: Nanping Village has 72 lanes, so Nanping Village is also called "Labyrinth Village". Stepped ascending lane, or "Longwu Lane", is the longest lane with the strongest sense of hierarchy among 72 lanes. There are 23 steps at the end, one higher than the other, which the villagers call "ascending lane step by step".

There are often stone tablets engraved with "Taishan Shi Gandang" on the walls of intersections or Xizi intersections, which have three meanings: one is to serve as a road sign to tell everyone that this is a T-shaped intersection; The second is to protect the wall to remind the villagers that this is an intersection. When carrying goods, be careful to walk slowly to prevent wood and stones from touching the wall at the corner; It is the villagers in Sancun who think that erecting the "Shi Gandang" stone tablet at the intersection can ward off evil spirits. In addition, there are long concave stones in every corner, indicating a step back. Huizhou merchants are Confucian merchants. They took the neighborhood relationship into consideration when building houses, and "take a step back and let the three points be calm", which showed their broad mind and concept of valuing peace.