How much do you know about traditional crafts in China?

China's traditional handicrafts have a long and splendid history and occupy an important position in the whole history of China's cultural and artistic development. The warmth and soul hidden in the objects by manual craftsmanship are very unpleasant to smell and touch on the goods copied on the assembly line.

Some of the ancient traditional crafts are unforgettable memories of childhood, and some have already disappeared in the long river of history.

Sell tofu pudding

There are fixed places to sell tofu, and there are also people running around the street. A small gong, walk a few steps and shout. Carry lanterns at night to facilitate night travel. As soon as I heard the sound, I couldn't help but hold my breath and ran out to buy a bowl. The burden is quite special. The front shoulder is like a big cabinet. There are many blue bowls in the front row of the cabinet, with a copper pot in the middle, a row of bottled soy sauce, vinegar and sesame oil on the right, a small spoon on the left and a small porcelain jar in the back row, which contains monosodium glutamate, diced pickles, celery powder, Chili sauce and pepper. There is a stove under the pot to cook tofu brain. There is a deep drum filled with uncooked white bean brain and a basin of dishwashing water in the back.

soliloquy

A "hand-in-hand shadow play" can operate multiple characters, control at most four or five puppets, and even take into account music, narration and lyrics. One person is earth-shattering, and one person is up and down for thousands of years.

Air blast furnace

Shaped like an ancient tripod, it has three legs and two ears. There is a charcoal fire in the furnace, and there are three holes in the lower abdomen of the furnace for ventilation. There are three brackets (grids) on the table, which are used to take over the stir-fried tea or boil water for cooking. There is a hole in the bottom of the furnace for ventilation and ash discharge, and there is an iron hole below for receiving charcoal ash. Wind furnace is also an industry that is needed in streets and alleys.

Fried paper

The process of making paper from pulp. In the modern paper industry, it is carried out continuously on the paper machine. That is, the pulp suitable for paper quality is diluted to a certain concentration with water, and the paper is preliminarily dehydrated in the wire part of the paper machine to form wet paper sheets, and then pressed, dehydrated and dried to make paper.

shine

There was no sandpaper in ancient times, and carpenters would find all kinds of things instead. Besides equisetum and blue bricks, planers, furs and shells are also commonly used. Ancient craftsmen, character is more important than technology. If they have a first-class mind, they must have first-class technology.

Wool cotton

"Sandalwood hammer, Chinese fir tip; Golden roosters crow and snowflakes float. " This is an artistic description of playing cotton. Playing cotton, also known as "playing cotton", "playing cotton wool" and "playing flowers", is one of the traditional handicrafts in China with a long history. This industry existed in China in the Yuan Dynasty at the latest, and people are still doing it today. In the Yuan Dynasty, Wang Zhen's "Agricultural Books, Agricultural Tools and Mines" contained: "At that time, cotton was beaten with kapok slingshots, and bamboo was used as the material, which was about four feet long; Hold the strings tight at both ends and use the county bow to play velvet. " A curved slingshot, a millstone, a flower pestle and a veil are walking in the street, and business is overwhelming.

Make socks

"Han Feizi" once recorded: "King Wen attacked Chong and went to Phoenix (Phoenix) Market to solve it by hand, because of his own knot." This means that Zhou Wenwang conquered and worshipped this country, and tied his own garter in the Phoenix market. After the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, men began to bring oil mop socks. With the development of handicraft industry, white cashmere socks worn by nobles appeared again, while dry cashmere socks were worn by civilians. Later, there were shops making socks and so on in the streets and alleys. One stitch and one thread, carefully woven. Do it according to your feet, and it will fit your feet.

Sing dragon boat

Dragon boat songs are also called "singing dragon boat" or "dragon boat for short" in Han nationality. It is a popular folk art of the Han nationality in the Pearl River Delta, and it is generally believed that it was formed during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. Its performance form is that one or two people play a small gong or drum for intermittent accompaniment singing, with short vocal cavity, high and low ups and downs, humorous and interesting, full of catharsis effect. The lyrics are based on seven-character rhyme, with four sentences as a group. The tone is simple and smooth, full of local flavor, suitable for narrative lyric. The program is rich in content, ranging from fairy tales and folk stories to current affairs news. Dragon boat songs in history are mostly performed by artists in the streets, and they are easy to find in major national festivals or various festive occasions. Dragon boat songs contain a lot of folk information and have great influence. Even Cantonese opera takes its singing as an important qupai, whose name is Dragon Boat Song or Dragon Boat.

Selling books

Setting up a bookstall to make a living was once a little dream of my childhood. Two benches, a table board, and a bookshelf full of books. You can read books from morning till night, but you can't see clearly at dusk. When the stall is closed, you will find that the living expenses for one day are enough. Kill two birds with one stone, carefree. The dream of Catalog Jun seems to have passed now, and it has dissipated with this gentlest industry.

Sell incense

At first, incense was mainly used for sacrificial ceremonies and public health, and gradually expanded the function of beautifying life, and the people who used incense also went from royal dignitaries to scholar-officials to ordinary people. In Tian Xiang Story written by Ding Weisong in Song Dynasty, it is said that "the use of incense has existed since ancient times. So if you worship God, you can achieve purity. "

Sell wonton

In the ancient night, the bangzi selling wonton has been beating the dreams of countless people for thousands of years: Tuo, Tuo, Tuo. A steaming boiler with delicious wonton rolling inside. All kinds of condiments are arranged in a row, and you can add whatever you want. On a cold night, I couldn't stand the sound for a long time. At that time, a bowl was probably the most delicious.

Pour candles

"The Record of Pure Land Sages" records: "Wu poured candles and lived in Suzhou Loumen. He got his name from pouring candles. When he was alone, he fasted for a long time and read Buddha day and night. People don't bully, and candle sellers compete to pour candles. When Wu pours oil, he will call Buddha several times, which is normal. " What happened during the Chongzhen period. Before the Tang and Song Dynasties, white wax used as medicine was beeswax. In the past, pouring candles was a very prosperous industry without electric lights. I saw the hot pot burning wax, and the red and white candles on the side were hanging for sale.

Paste ingot

Tomb-Sweeping Day is a place to mourn our ancestors. In the past, this industry was very prosperous, and many festivals were ancestor worship days. At this time, the mountain was full of smoke and wailing. However, with the changes of the times, this method has gradually declined, and a more environmentally friendly and novel way has emerged to replace this traditional way. Well, it will become a cultural relic like an ingot, and the paste ingot will be replaced. However, missing will not change.