Why is there always something to say: How to make a good live speech?

In your work and life, you may face such a situation: someone asks you a question, for example, the boss asks you, "Xiao Wang, customer satisfaction has declined recently." what do you think?

Suddenly, a lot of information appeared in your mind, growing wildly out of order. You want to speak, but you don't know how to organize the language. Or you are excited and talk a lot, but the boss looks blank and thinks your mind is not clear.

Obviously, there are many opinions, why can't they be expressed?

Many people feel that their expressive ability is problematic. In fact, when you can't express your thoughts clearly, the possible reason is that your thoughts are not clear. People with very clear ideas rarely express unclear ideas, because expression itself is part of the thinking.

So, in order to make the expression clearer, what you need is an idea to organize your information.

The last article on structured thinking mentioned that the human brain has two habits when processing information: one is not to have too much information at a time, because too much information will overload the brain; Second, I like regular information.

We will be under pressure when we speak extemporaneously. This kind of pressure will either make our brains blank and gibberish, or make our brains flood with information and have no clue. In both cases, the audience will sound more painful and don't understand what you really want to express.

If there is a clear structure, it will be easy to talk. On the one hand, if your brain is in a chaotic state, it can help you sort out information quickly and lose information; On the other hand, if your brain is blank, it can be used as a hint to help you remember some useful information.

The key to using structured thinking to help you communicate better in a short time is three steps:

The first step is to think about the theme:

Find the breakthrough point quickly and express your opinion in the first sentence.

The second step is putting on airs:

Thinking about a structure (time, space, degree) and only saying three points when demonstrating opinions are called three "shelves".

Step 3, fill in the materials:

Every bookshelf is full of examples, data and so on. Bring the argument closer to the point of view.

Here is an example for everyone. Jobs gave a speech when he launched the first Apple mobile phone. The general idea is as follows:

Apple is a revolutionary company. Why do you say that? 1984 introduced the Mac computer, which changed the whole computer industry; In 200 1 year, Pod Walkman came out, which not only changed the way people listened to music, but also changed the music industry. The launch of Apple's mobile phone in 2007 is believed to change more industries.

Let's analyze the structure of this passage, which will be:

Subject: Apple is a revolutionary company.

Shelves:1984,2001,2007

Materials: The introduction of Mac computer changed the whole computer industry; The launch of iod Walkman not only changed the way people listened to music, but also changed the music industry. Launch Apple mobile phone.

Therefore, the structure of this passage of Jobs is also composed of three elements: theme, shelf and material.

Let's see how to find these three elements.

Step 1: quickly choose a perspective.

When you need to speak, there are often many opinions you want to share, and even these opinions may be the opposite. The most important thing at this time is not to fight in your own mind, but to choose a perspective quickly.

For example, if you have a chance to meet a big leader, he/she suddenly asks you, "What attracted you to the company and made you stay here for five years?" You really want to show it and tell all the benefits of the company, such as development opportunities, company culture, colleague relations and so on. You try to compare all these factors and see which one appeals to you the most. But the best strategy is to choose a point directly by intuition, such as company culture, and then expand it.

Why are you doing this?

Usually, we may express our views in two ways: one is superficial as a whole, and the other is profound as a whole. In other words, you can cover everything without going deep, or you can elaborate a point without going deep.

However, impromptu speech in a short time, one-sided profundity is often more touching than comprehensive superficiality. On the one hand, it is difficult to be comprehensive in a short time. On the other hand, when you only have a few minutes to speak, you can't cover everything. People will think that you have said a lot, but it seems that you haven't said anything.

Step 2: Throw out opinions in the first sentence.

For example, if you want to explain the impact of a policy, very often, your habit begins like this: "I will explain the impact of this policy from three aspects." In fact, there is no useful information at the beginning, and it looks boring and ordinary.

A better beginning is to throw out opinions directly, such as "I think this policy is good for consumers, but it has a negative impact on enterprises." The advantages of this theme are: direct statement of views, the audience has expectations; Opinions are more attractive than useless information and will attract the audience to continue listening.

A topic has many angles. If you don't explain, the audience's thoughts will be scattered, but after such a view is released, the audience will follow you to think.

Bookshelf refers to: extracted structural keywords. On the one hand, the bookshelf plays a suggestive role. With it, you won't be completely speechless. On the other hand, it is a tool to help you organize information.

Generally speaking, shelves are nothing more than the following:

The first type: time frame: organize and output the information in the brain in chronological order.

Examples are as follows:

Q: What do you do?

A: I am doing staff training in a foreign-funded enterprise.

Q: What do you usually do?

A: Generally speaking, my job is to ensure the smooth progress of the training. Before the training, I will contact lecturers, trainees and hotels to confirm the preparation work. During the training, I will coordinate on the spot to serve the lecturers and students. After the training, I will track the training effect by interviewing students in the workplace and make improvements in the future.

Before, during and after training, let's talk about it in chronological order.

Time shelves are not limited to the narrow concept of time, but also include all structures with sequence or causal order. Therefore, time shelves can be divided into the following three categories:

Words representing time: past, present and future; Morning, noon and afternoon; One o'clock, two o'clock and three o'clock.

Words representing the stage: R&D, trial production and debugging; Teenagers, youth, prime of life; Early stage, middle stage and late stage.

Words representing steps: step one, step two and step three; Process 1, process 2 and process 3; First, then, finally.

We can consciously accumulate these shelves in peacetime. The more shelves we accumulate in our minds, the faster we can organize our thoughts.

Time frame can be used to talk about almost any topic, and it is widely used, almost a panacea. If you are asked to speak in an emergency in the future, and you can't figure out how to say it at once, then think about the time frame method, which will definitely give you something to say, because there are so many shelves that you are particularly easy to find.

Second, space shelf: organize ideas in local order.

If the previous training examples are not told before, during and after the training, but according to the office, hotel conference hall and student workplace, they can also express their meaning.

The advantage of using space shelves is that it is easy for the audience to have specific scenes in their minds, which have visual effects and can better understand your meaning. Examples are as follows:

People all over the country are reunited with their families to celebrate the Spring Festival.

Guangzhou: Dragon and lion dances.

Beijing: The whole family will package jiaozi together.

Nanjing: Write and paste Spring Festival couplets.

Its structure is the same: theme, shelf and material. It's just that shelf is a word for place.

Next, I'll give you some shelves of space law:

Location: America, Europe, Asia; Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou; Laboratory, assembly line, 4S workshop.

Represents the visible area: shell, screen and keyboard; Brain, shoulders and heart.

Type 3, tripod: arrange ideas according to the top order of three aspects.

Please look at the following example:

Robert Jeffrey Sternberg's Trilogy of Love: Passion, Intimacy and Commitment. Speaking in the order of passion, intimacy and commitment is called trigonometry.

Triangulation frames usually have the following categories:

Words representing three aspects (three things): grammar, rhetoric and logic; Improve communication effect, influence and impression score; Learn more, listen more and practice more.

Words representing three kinds of people: children, husbands and themselves; Customers, employees and shareholders; Leaders, colleagues and subordinates.

The biggest feature of trigonometry is that it can make one thing clear objectively. Speaking with trigonometry can have an objective and comprehensive effect. But the three shelves must be highly representative and general, so as to support the theme.

So trigonometry is often used to talk about some serious topics, which can reflect your level and profound insights.

When using these three methods to find bookshelves, we can try to use MECE principle, that is, bookshelves are independent and completely exhausted, which will give people a more rigorous sense of logic.

Materials need data, facts and stories to fill in, and I think we all know that. However, there is another skill that we often ignore, that is, how to organize language and mobilize the audience's thinking.

In the speech, if our conversation is longer than 1 minute, we need to adopt a connecting link, that is, when you talk about the next shelf and its materials, you will mention the central idea of the previous shelf to connect the two.

Why do you want to make such a connection?

On the one hand, readers are prompted to follow the exam in this way. You are very clear and thoughtful about your whole speech, but the other party doesn't know what you are going to say and what kind of relationship your shelf and materials are. So if the other person doesn't actively follow your thoughts, he won't really understand your thoughts.

On the other hand, the way of connecting the preceding with the following also gives readers an expectation, knowing what you are going to say next, which is convenient for them to accept.

Finally, the speech needs to be attractive and logical. A very important factor is that "the information you keep giving just answers the questions that keep popping up in the audience's mind". A link can help us do this.

For example, I first described how I like consulting, and the audience's question is: Why do you like consulting? Then I answered the reason. One of the reasons is that consultants often travel, and the audience will have questions: What are the benefits of frequent travel? So, I talked about the benefits of traveling. In this way, keep throwing questions, keep answering questions and let the audience follow you.

When we associate the front with the back, we should be careful not to be too mechanical. For a negative example, if the speaker's theme is the enlightenment of the increase of industry concentration to a company, he uses the triangle method and three shelves, namely background, problems and suggestions. His/her transition sentence between the first shelf and the second shelf is: We talked about the background just now, now let's talk about the problem. This will make people feel deliberate and unnatural.

If we change the method, give a positive example: because of the improvement of industry concentration (actually background), our intensive cultivation and segmentation of customer groups may face great risks (actually a problem). This transition will make people more comfortable.

Specifically, when connecting the preceding with the following, it is best to select a keyword/phrase from the previous subtitle to summarize its ideas and use it in the opening sentence of the next topic. Just like the positive example above, the speaker said earlier that the industry concentration is increasing. When leading to the next part, he can directly quote this central idea and lead to the next central idea.

Like structured thinking, this structured off-site speech needs deliberate training to master. But fortunately, it is not difficult to master. It's nothing more than tired shelves and practicing routines.

1. Tired frame: accumulated anytime and anywhere.

For example, when you have lunch at noon, think about what shelves are available for lunch.

Time frame: 10 years ago, now and 10 years later.

Space shelves: home, canteen, office.

Tripod: Chinese food, French food and Japanese food.

2. Practice routines: practice in three stages.

Stage 1: Write email as usual (at least 1 month).

The second stage: speak according to the routine during the meeting (2 months), and don't stop practicing email.

The third stage: one-on-one answer with routine (3 months).

For half a year at the most, if we can persist, speaking on the spot will not be an obstacle.