Classical Chinese annotation system

1. What are the sentences with the word "system" in ancient Chinese?

Explain zhi √.

①& lt； ; move >:； Cut clothes. The Book of Songs? Hurricane? Dongshan: "~ He Shangyi."

②& lt； ; move >:； Manufacturing industry; Make. Looking at the oil paintings in Paris: "Seeing the wax figure, knowing the bionic man."

③& lt； ; move >:； Control; Master. Battle of Red Cliffs: "I can't lift all the land of Wu, and hundreds of thousands of people are subject to people."

④& lt； ; move >:； Uniforms. "The Legend of the Wolf in Zhongshan": "One husband and one sheep can get one son."

⑤& lt； ; move >:； Formulate; Rules. "Qi Huan Jinwen Poetry": "It is the wealth of a wise monarch that will make Yang enough to serve his parents."

⑥& lt； ; move >:； Prohibition; Contain "Battle of Red Cliffs": "I invited 50,000 elite soldiers to be self-sufficient."

⑦& lt； ; Name >; Legal system; System. "Zheng Boke Duan Yanyu": "If you don't go to Beijing today, it will be unbearable."

⑧& lt； ; Name >; The emperor's orders. Historical records? Biography of Qin Shihuang: "The life is ~, and the order is a letter."

⑨& lt； ; Name >; Scale. "Yueyang Tower": "It is to rebuild Yueyang Tower and increase its old ~"

⑩& lt； ; Name >; Structure. "Zhang Hengchuan": "Its teeth are clever ~, all hidden in respect."

2. Making Crown and Governing the Country in Classical Chinese Translation When Mou Weibei met Wang Zhao, Wang Zhao was asking the craftsman who made the crown to make the crown in the court, and Wang Zhao asked Mou Wei for advice on how to govern the country.

Mou Wei replied: "If (to be honest: if) the king can attach importance to the country like this two-foot cloth, then (then) the country will be peaceful and stable." Wang Zhao said, "Zhao was given to me by my ancestors. I attach great importance to my ancestors and people all over the world, but you compare the country to this two-foot cloth. Why? " Mou Wei replied, "Your Majesty, you don't need close people to make the crown, but you must use excellent craftsmen. Isn't it because you are afraid that they will waste cloth to make a crown and finally won't make it? " Now the country is not well governed, so the society is unstable, which is not good for our ancestors.

Your majesty, you are not looking for capable people now, but let yourself appoint someone to make friends with yourself (or someone you love). Isn't it lighter to govern the country than to be a crown? "The prince of Zhao has nothing to say.

3. Zheng Zhiyi read and translated the classical Chinese Zheng Zhiyi, nicknamed Huai Na, the son of Zheng Ding, intelligent and solemn, measured and familiar with Mongolian.

In the fourteenth year of Zhiyuan, he inherited his father's business and established a family in Taiyuan and Pingyang. He still guards Ezhou and is in charge of government affairs. In nineteen years, the imperial court will levy Japan and build ships in Hejiazhou.

This continent is so small that people ask the residents nearby to move away. Zhiyi refused, but changed the shipyard to a wide place, and all the residents praised him.

There were many fires in the city, and someone said to Zhiyi, "If you are afraid of traitors taking the opportunity to make trouble, arrest suspicious people, hell to pay." Zhiyi said: "We just need to strictly defend ourselves. Why should we be guilty?"

No one was whipped, but the fire went out. Thieves lurk in the suburbs, and sooner or later they will rob. It is said that they will come to this city.

Suddenly, several people came in from outside the city, looking around and behaving abnormally. They were ordered to be arrested and imprisoned. Interrogation also found no evidence, the provinces think that the wrong person has been arrested and should be released.

When I left the east of the city the next day, I met a man riding a white horse. His appearance and clothes were abnormal. I arrested him for questioning, saying that several people I had arrested before were thieves, so I convicted him, and everyone in a county obeyed and was safe. Twenty-four years, the system should drive the crusade to be Yan, requesting to kill the enemy to serve.

Sai-jo said to the ministers, "His father died for his country. This is his only son. Don't let him take part in the battle. " This system should be firmly documented, so he had to become another army with Mingyue and was awarded General Huaiyuan and the judge of the Privy Council for his meritorious service.

For twenty-five years, sai-jo was the supreme capital. According to the original system, government officials accompanied them, leaving one person to handle hospital affairs every year, but Han Chinese were not allowed to participate.

At this time, it is appropriate to keep it. When he refused, sai-jo said, "You are not comparable to ordinary Han people."

Finally left him behind. In 28 years, he was transferred to Huguanghang Province to participate in politics.

When he went to his post, the emperor said to him, "Your father died for his country and never gave you any reward. Recently, he was killed and his property, people and animals were confiscated. You can choose the best and take it away. "

Zhiyi said: "His downfall was due to corruption. If I take his stolen goods again, I will defile myself! " Sai-jo praised him for his incorruptibility and rewarded him with five thousand two hundred platinum. Soon, I called the imperial envoy of the inner Taiwan.

In Anxi's original pasture, officials in charge of raising horses seized100000 hectares of private land, and the people complained to the government, which was not resolved for many years. The system should be treated according to the imperial edict and make a fair judgment according to the atlas.

In 30 years, the appointment system should be Hu Guangxing's assistant envoy. Hunan is vast in territory and abundant in natural resources, and the road is long, but it is Xiu Yuan. People in Zhaozhou, Hezhou and Luling often suffer from it.

Zhiyi led a small number of troops to patrol these two States, passing through Yongxin in Luling, and the thief leader and his entourage were punished according to law. Tan Jilong, a tea town, gathered some hooligans, hid weapons and committed many evils, and was arrested. In order not to rush to punish him, his family paid bribes to the government.

It is advisable to take all the bribes to the army and behead Tan Jilong. Since then, there have been no thieves in Hunan.

During Zhenyuan period (1295), according to regulations, the Privy Council added an envoy to sign documents with Zhiyi to take charge of this matter. It should be considered that the added deputy ambassador is not an official, and the former deputy ambassador should be removed from office.

Soon after entering the DPRK, most of them stayed behind, took charge of Shaofu prison, served as the commander of Wuwei pro-army, and managed reclamation. In the seventh year of Dade (1303), an earthquake occurred in Shanxi, especially Pingyang, and many people died.

Zhiyi was ordered to provide for the aged, work day and night, and take a shortcut to the disaster area. After arriving in the disaster area, go deep into the people, comfort the injured people, and send Su Bo.

10 years later, he died of illness at the age of 47. To those who promote loyalty and praise governance, Dr. Yin Lu, who is in charge of political affairs, pursues the seal of Zeguogong and gives loyalty and righteousness.

I want to translate the original text into classical Chinese, and there are endless flowers on my desk. Cloud 1 says, "The flower arrangement is exquisite and charming because it can prepare for rain and dew. There is a method of grasshoppers in the painting, but the imitation is effective. " "Insects are out of control, how can they follow suit?" "There's an idea," said the cloud. "I'm afraid making a figurine will offend my ears." Yu Yue: "Try to talk about it." Yue said, "Be good at finding the genus of mantis, cicada and butterfly. Tie the worm's neck between flowers and plants with thin thread, or hold a stalk or step on a leaf, which seems to have life." Yu Xi, if his method is carried out, will absolutely admire all who see him. In the boudoir he sought, he may not have this understanding person today. My room is more casual, and there are many bottles on my desk. Chen Yun (the author's wife) said, "This kind of flower arrangement can show the charm of flowers in various poses in the wind and rain, which can be described as exquisite ecstasy. However, there are also ways in which plants and insects get along in the picture scroll. " I said, "how can small insects imitate when they wander?" Chen Yundao: "I have an idea. I'm afraid I'll make a mistake if I start!" " I said, "Tell me about it." Chen Yun said, "Small insects don't change color when they die. Wouldn't it be better to find mantis, butterfly and the like to stab them to death, tie their necks between flowers and plants with thin thread, and then tidy up their feet, some on pedicels and some on leaves, just like living insects? " I am glad that I did the experiment according to her method. As a result, everyone watching praised me. Note ① Cloud: refers to the author's wife Chen Yun. ② Cloud: Why not? (3) wandering around. In this article, the worm keeps jumping. (4) making a figurine is a metaphor for advocating doing bad things. 5 is equivalent to "just". ⑤ Jue: More than ⑦ Genus:.

5. Ask for a classical Chinese text, with translation notes attached to the original text] Chu has a temple, kicking people to drink. Mr. Scheeren said, "A few people don't drink enough, and one person drinks too much. Please draw a snake and drink the first one. " A snake comes first, and drinks wine (4); But with a ten thousand words in his left hand, he drew a snake in his right hand and said, "I can do it." It didn't work. When a person's snake is made, he takes it away and says, "One snake is not enough, but Zi 'an will do." Then drink its wine. He who makes a snake's foot will die. -"Warring States Policy"

[Notes]

① Temple (cí)-Spring Festival.

(2) scheeren-the clerk of ancient princes and nobles. (zh ancient vessels for holding wine.

3-stage call-discuss with each other.

4 get the wine-take the glass. Leader, bring it here. And-will.

(5) solid-originally.

⑥ Zi-honorific title for people. Ann.-What?

All landowners so-just.

8 Death loss.

There is a family in Chu State. After offering sacrifices to ancestors, leave a pot of wine for the clerk to drink. There are many clerks, just a pot of wine. Who is it for? I suggest you draw a snake on the ground. Whoever draws quickly and well will be given this pot of wine. Everyone thinks this method is very good. A man quickly drew the snake. This bottle of wine is his. At this time, he looked back at the others. They didn't draw well. He proudly said, "You draw so slowly, let me draw a few more feet." While he was drawing a snake's foot, another man had already drawn the snake. The man grabbed the hip flask and said, "Snakes have no feet. Why do you draw feet? " After that, I started drinking. The man who painted the snake's feet finally lost the pot of wine.

Revelation: If you use kung fu in meaningless things, you will lose precious opportunities.

Naoko suspects his neighbor.

There was a rich man in Song State. Because of the heavy rain, the wall fell down. His son said, "If you don't build it, you must come in." The old man next door said so. That night, as expected, a lot of property was lost. The family was very grateful to Zi Cong, but they suspected that the theft was the old man's next step.

There was a rich man in the state of Song. It rained heavily and the wall of his house was broken. The rich man's son said, "If you don't build it, thieves will steal it." The old man next door said the same thing. Rich people really lost a lot of things at night. As a result, the rich man thought his son was very clever, but he suspected that the old man in the neighborhood had stolen from his family.

The moral of Naoko's suspicion of his neighbors is that emotional closeness and alienation often lead to misunderstanding.

The old pioneer lost his horse-a blessing in disguise is a blessing in disguise.

He who is close to the edge is skilled, and the horse is invincible. Everyone hung up, and his father said, "Why isn't this a blessing?" After living for several months, his horse returned to Hu. Everyone congratulated him, and his father said, "Why can't this be a disaster?" The family is rich and good, and the son is easy to ride, but he broke his stomach. Everyone hung up, and his father said, "Why isn't this a blessing?" After living for a year, the Hu people entered the fortress, and the Dingzhuang people played with strings. The man near the fort, the deceased was nineteen. This alone is lame. Father and son protect each other.

Among the people living near the frontier fortress, there is a person who is good at speculating good and bad luck and mastering several tricks. Once, his horse ran to the residence of the Hu people for no reason. People came to comfort him for this. The old man said, "Why can't this be a blessing?" A few months later, the lost horse came back with the good horse of the Hu people. People came to congratulate him. The old man added, "Why can't this be a disaster?" There are many good horses in the fortune teller's house. His son likes riding horses, and as a result, he fell off his horse and broke his thigh. People began to sympathize with him. The old man said, "Why can't this be a blessing?" A year later, the Hu people invaded the frontier fortress on a large scale, and all the able-bodied men took up arms to fight. Nine out of ten people near the frontier fortress died. The man was saved in the battle only because he was lame, and the father and son saved their lives together.

Everything has both positive and negative possibilities. Good things can turn into bad things, and bad things can also turn into good things. We should treat things dialectically.

The moral is that people's life experiences are often unpredictable, because some things happen unfortunately, but they may be lucky because of misfortune; And some very satisfactory things will end in disaster. In other words, fortunes are impermanent and often interrelated.

fill (up) a vacancy

original text

Qi Xuanwang makes people blow (1), will be three hundred people. South Chu Shi (2) please blow for the king. Yue and Lin eat hundreds of people. Dead, Lee. Listen, Chu Shi has escaped.

To annotate ...

① Wrong: The name of a musical instrument is very similar to the present sheng.

② Chu Shi: an ordinary intellectual with no official position.

3 cloud: grain depot.

translate

Qi Xuanwang let people blow, three hundred people must blow together. Chu Shi from the south asked for a blowjob for Qi Xuanwang, and Wang Xuan was very happy. The official warehouse supports hundreds of musicians. After his death, his son Wang succeeded to the throne. Wang also likes listening to the blowing, but he likes to let them blow one by one, so the southerners have to escape.

6. Mozi, the original text of the classical Chinese translation of Yifa, said: Those who are engaged in the world must do it; If you can't do it, you can.

Scholars are the same, but they have laws. Even people who do all kinds of jobs have laws.

Workers are square and square, round and positive, straight and demanding, in the county. Those who work without skill and those who work without luck are all governed by these five principles.

Only skilled people can get it. It's a pity that although they can't get it, they have to rely on it to do (3) and still surpass themselves. Therefore, all workers are engaged in legal work.

[1] Today, great men rule the world, followed by big countries, which is beyond his control. If this is not the case (4), then Xi thinks it is possible to rule the law. Being a parent in the world, what if? There are many parents in the world, but few benevolent people. If all parents are punished, this method is also ruthless.

The law is ruthless, and it can't be the law. When all the methods have been learned, Siro? There are many scholars in the world, but few benevolent people.

If everyone studies law, this law is heartless. The law is ruthless, and it can't be the law.

When all laws are king, Siro? There are many kings in the world, but few benevolent people. The law is king, and this law is ruthless.

The law is ruthless, and it can't be the law. Therefore, parents, knowledge, and monarchs cannot be the fundamental solution.

But does Xi think the rule of law can be used? Therefore: Mo Ruo Fa Tian. The trip to heaven is broad and selfless, generous but not virtuous, and over time, the holy king will do it.

Since heaven is the law and action is promising, it must be in heaven. Do what God wants and stop what God doesn't want.

However, what evil does God want? Heaven will hope that people love each other and benefit each other, instead of hating each other and being thieves. Xi wants people to love each other and benefit each other, but he doesn't want people to do evil and become thieves? Love it with both and benefit it with both.

What are the benefits of knowing and loving nature? Instead of having both, eat it. Today, no country, big or small, is a paradise city.

Everyone is a minister of heaven. It's all about sheep, dogs and pigs, cleanliness of wine and prosperity, and respect for heaven.

Isn't this the evil of having your cake and eat it? Heaven can have food at the same time, and Fuxi said that it is also good not to want people to love each other. Therefore: those who love and benefit others will be blessed by God; Those villains and thieves are doomed to disaster. It is ominous to kill the wrong person.

Fu Shuo, people kill each other. What about heaven and disaster? It is to know that heaven wants people to love each other and benefit each other, not to hate each other and be thieves. Yu Wang Tang Wuwen, a saint in the past, loves all people in the world and respects heaven and ghosts.

It has benefited many people, so it has been blessed by heaven, making it the son of heaven and the prince of the world. The violent king is stubborn and heartless, evil to the world and arrogant to ghosts and gods.

There were many thieves, so it was a natural disaster, which caused him to lose his country and the world. Later generations destroyed it and never stopped.

Therefore, it is also embarrassing for people who are not good at getting hurt. Those who love and benefit others are also Wu Wen.

And those who love others and benefit others! Some are hurt by wicked thieves! Note (1) indicates laws and regulations. Mozi believes that emperors and princes rule the world, and the country must take heaven as the law and take God's will as the return.

The so-called providence is actually the principle of universal love and benefit advocated by Mohism. Taking ancient kings and tyrants as positive and negative examples, it is pointed out that "loving others and benefiting others" can be a blessing, and "evil thieves" are bound to cause trouble.

(2) county: that is, the word "hanging". (3) release: through "imitation".

(4) Debate: adopt "debate". (5)■: Same as "humble".

Mozi said: people who do things under the sun cannot do without rules; There has never been a situation where things can be done well without rules. Even if a scholar becomes a general, he must have statutes.

Even craftsmen engaged in various industries have statutes. Artisans draw squares with moments, circles with circles, straight lines with rope ink, and alignment with hanging hammers.

Whether it is a skilled craftsman or a general craftsman, these five rules should be followed. Skilled craftsmen can reach the standard of five, although ordinary craftsmen can't do this, but imitating five is still better than their own ability.

Therefore, craftsmen have rules to follow when making objects. At present, it is as big as ruling the world, and Er Ru rules a big country, but it can't. This is not as good as a craftsman being able to distinguish things clearly.

So, what should be the law of governing the country? How to treat parents as law? There are many parents in the world, but few are kind. If everyone follows their parents' rules, it's really hard to follow suit.

Naturally, it is impossible to follow suit. What if you take your teacher as your method? There are many teachers in the world, but few are kind.

If everyone takes their own teacher as the criterion, it is really difficult to follow suit. Naturally, it is impossible to follow suit.

What if you take your own monarch as the law? There are many kings in the world, but there is little kindness. If everyone takes his own monarch as the law, it is really heartless.

Naturally, it is impossible to follow suit. Therefore, parents, teachers and monarchs cannot be used as the law of governing the country.

So what is the way to govern the country? It is best to take heaven as the law. Fortune is selfless, its Enshi is profound and not pretentious, and its glory will never fade, and the holy king takes it as the law.

Since heaven is law, actions and things should be done according to heaven. Do what God wants and stop what God doesn't want.

So what does heaven want and what does it not want? God certainly wants people to love and benefit from each other, but he doesn't want people to hate and hurt each other. How do you know that God wants people to love and benefit each other, instead of hating and hurting each other? This is because heaven is full of love and benefits for people.

How do you know that heaven is full of love and good for people? Because human beings are all owned by heaven, and heaven provides them with food. The present world, big or small, is heaven.

People, regardless of age or rank, are subjects of heaven. So people feed cows, sheep, pigs and dogs, prepare food and drink sacrifices cleanly, and serve heaven sincerely.

Isn't this all about owning and supplying people with food? Since Heaven owns and provides food for all, why can it be said that Heaven does not want people to love each other and benefit each other? So he said: "God will bless those who love others; Heaven is bound to bring disaster to those who hate and hurt each other. So: killing innocent people will have ominous consequences.

Why is it that if people kill each other, the sky will be a disaster for him? This is because I know that God wants people to love and benefit from each other, but I don't want people to hate and hurt each other. "Before Saint Tang, they cared about the whole world, led them to worship heaven and serve ghosts and gods.

They brought many benefits to people, so God blessed them and made them the sons of heaven. Rulers all over the world respectfully serve them.

Jie, Zhou, and other powerful kings.