Understanding of Yuan Qu in Tang Poetry and Song Poetry.

Tang poetry generally refers to poems written by poets in the Tang Dynasty. There are various forms of Tang poetry. There are mainly five-character poems and seven-character poems in Tang Dynasty. There are also two kinds of modern poems, one is called quatrains, and the other is called metrical poems. Quatrains and metrical poems are five words and seven words respectively.

Therefore, there are basically six basic forms of Tang poetry: five-character archaic poetry, seven-character archaic poetry, five-character quatrains, seven-character quatrains, five-character rhythmic poems and seven-character rhythmic poems.

Classical poetry has a wide range of requirements for rhyme and meter: in a poem, the number of sentences can be more or less, the chapters can be long or short, and the rhyme can be changed. Modern poetry has strict requirements on rhyme and meter: the number of sentences in a poem is limited, that is, four-line quatrains and eight-line meter poems. The words used in each poem have certain rules, and the rhyme cannot be changed;

Rhyme also requires that the middle four sentences become antithesis. The style of ancient poetry is handed down from the previous generation, so it is also called ancient style. Modern poetry has strict rules, so some people call it metrical poetry.

The forms and styles of Tang poetry are colorful and innovative. It not only inherited the tradition of Han and Wei folk songs and Yuefu, but also greatly developed the singing style. It not only inherited the five-character or seven-character ancient poems of the previous generation, but also developed into a long and huge system of narrative romance;

It not only expanded the use of five-character and seven-character styles, but also created modern poems with particularly beautiful and neat styles. Modern poetry was a new style of poetry at that time, and its emergence and maturity was an important event in the history of Tang poetry development.

It pushed the artistic features of China's ancient poems with harmonious syllables and refined words to an unprecedented height, and found a typical form for ancient lyric poetry, which has been especially loved by people so far.

However, the metrical poems in modern poetry are easy to be bound because of their strict metrical restrictions, which is a major defect brought by their advantages.

2. Song Ci

Song Ci is a popular literary genre in China in the Song Dynasty, and it is a new style poem compared with classical poetry, which marks the highest achievement of Song literature. Song ci has long and short sentences, which are easy to sing. Because it is the lyrics of music and harmony, it is also called tune, Yuefu, music movement, long and short sentences, poetry, piano music and so on.

It began in Nanliang, formed in Tang Dynasty and flourished in Song Dynasty. Song Ci is a bright pearl in the crown of China ancient literature, and a fragrant and gorgeous garden in Yuen Long, an ancient literature in China.

With colorful and varied charm, she competes with Tang poetry and Yuanqu, and has always been said to be as famous as Tang poetry, representing the prosperity of a generation of literature. Later, there was a book with the same name, Song Ci.

The representative figures of Song Ci mainly include Su Shi, Xin Qiji (the representative poets of the bold school), Liu Yong and Li Qingzhao (the representative poets of the graceful school).

3. Yuanqu

Yuanqu is a popular literary form in the Yuan Dynasty, including zaju and Sanqu, sometimes referring to zaju. Zaju is a kind of performance form characterized by funny in Song Dynasty, and it developed into a traditional opera form in Yuan Dynasty.

Each book is mainly 60% off, with a wedge at the beginning or between folds, and each fold consists of Beiqu divertimento and Bai Bin homophony. Such as Guan Hanqing's Dou Eyuan.

Popular in Dadu (now Beijing) area. There are also dramas in Ming and Qing dynasties, but there is no limit to 60% discount per book. Sanqu is a popular music form in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and it has no object. The content is mainly lyrical, including poems and essays.

Extended data:

Tang poetry and Song ci are two pearls in the history of China literature. The Tang Dynasty was called the era of poetry, and the Song Dynasty was called the era of ci. Ci originated from the folk, began in the Tang Dynasty, flourished in the Five Dynasties and flourished in the Song Dynasty.

With the enrichment of material life in Song Dynasty, people's pursuit of cultural life became more intense. Most poets in the Tang Dynasty were tools and playthings of the royal family and its rulers. Poets in the Song Dynasty jumped from the admired to the political arena and became the protagonists in the political arena in the Song Dynasty.

The Emperor of Song Dynasty loved Ci, and ministers were all poets. Politicians Fan Zhongyan, Wang Anshi, Sima Guang and Su Shi were all famous poets, and poetess Li Qingzhao became synonymous, and her name was immortal. The recognition and admiration of the whole society have made Song Ci excellent for a long time and have far-reaching influence.

Yuanqu is another literary prosperity after Tang poetry and Song poetry, and it has its unique charm: on the one hand, Yuanqu inherits the beauty and gracefulness of poetry;

On the one hand, in the Yuan Dynasty, the soldiers and soldiers were placed in the position of "eight prostitutes, nine men and ten beggars", and the political monopoly and social darkness made Song Yuan radiate extremely dazzling fighting brilliance and reveal rebellious feelings;

Sharp-edged pointed at the drawbacks of society, denounced the society that "not reading is the highest, illiteracy is the best, and people who are not sensible are bragging", and pointed at the world trend that "everyone is embarrassed to live, and no one can see the money". The works describing love in Yuan Qu are also more inflammatory and bold than the poems of past dynasties. All these are enough to keep the artistic charm of Yuanqu forever.

The rise of Yuanqu has a far-reaching influence and outstanding contribution to the development of China's national poetry and cultural prosperity. As soon as Yuanqu appeared, just like other artistic flowers, it immediately showed great vitality. It is not only a convenient tool for literati to express their feelings, but also provides a brand-new art form to reflect the social life of the Yuan Dynasty.

Baidu encyclopedia-Tang poetry

Baidu Encyclopedia-Song Ci

Baidu Encyclopedia-Yuanqu