What does it mean that the wine in Zhumen stinks and the road has frozen bones?

Du Fu's "From Beijing to Fengxian, Sing 500 Words" is a poem expressing his feelings and thoughts on the realistic predicament. Among them, the sentence "The wine in Zhumen stinks and the bones freeze to death on the road" expresses the author's strong dissatisfaction and anxiety about social injustice and the gap between the rich and the poor.

First of all, "Zhumen rotten wine and meat" refers to the extravagant and wasteful life of bureaucrats and nobles, who live a mellow and delicious life, and this enjoyment is often too grandiose and degenerate, emitting an unpleasant smell. The "doors" here refer to families with noble families and prominent bureaucrats. The poet reveals the inequality of social classes and the indifference and oppression of the nobles to the people by comparing the hedonic life of the nobles with the description in the next sentence.

However, The Road with Frozen Bones describes the fate of farmers or ordinary people in a difficult environment. The "frozen bone" here means that people die in cold winter because of poverty and lack of warmth, and there is no opportunity for funeral. This is a vivid description of the sufferings of the people at the bottom of society, reflecting the gap between the rich and the poor in social reality at that time, the plight and ruthlessness of people's lives.

original text

From Beijing to Fengxian, recite 500 words.

Du Fu [Tang Dynasty]

Ling Du has cloth, but the boss has turned his back on himself.

It's silly to make a promise, but it's better than stealing chickens and dogs.

It has become autumn, and the white head is generous.

The matter of closing the coffin has already been done, and this ambition is often lost.

If you are poor, you will worry about Li Yuan, sighing for intestinal heat.

It's fierce to make fun of classmates.

Without rivers and seas, you can send the sun and the moon smartly.

When you give birth to Yao Shun, you can't help it any more.

Nowadays, there is no shortage of corridors and temples.

The fire is biased towards the sun, and the physical properties are difficult to win.

Gu Wei is an ant tribe, but he seeks his own opinions.

Hu Weiqi longed for whales and wanted to suppress the Bohai Sea.

Therefore, my understanding of physiology is wrong, and I am ashamed to do it alone.

So far, I have swallowed it.

Eventually ashamed of the nest, it failed to change its festival.

Drink and talk, sing and break your worries.

At the end of the year, a hundred herbs are exhausted, and the high wind Gorkon cracks.

It's cloudy and eventful, and guests are sent at night.

First frost is in rags, and his fingers can't be tied straight.

In the morning, I passed Mount Li, and the imperial couch was in the mountain.

Chiyou is cold and empty, and the cliffs and valleys are slippery.

Yaochi qi stagnation method, feather forest phase Mojia.

The monarch and the minister are happy with it, and the joy is moving.

Baths are all long tassels, and banquets are not short brown.

All the silks in Tongting belong to cold women.

Whip her husband's family and gather in Miyagi Que.

The sage is full of grace and really wants to live in the country.

If I suddenly understand, how can you abandon this thing?

Toastmasters will fill the court, and benevolent people should tremble.

I heard that the gold plate is in Huo Wei's room.

Nave dancing fairy, smoke scattered jade pieces.

Care about guests' mink and mouse fur.

Advise customers to camel's hoof soup, and frost orange presses fragrant orange.

The wine and meat in Zhumen stink, and the road has frozen bones.

Prosperity and decline are very different, melancholy and indescribable.

The north is completely different, and Guandu has changed its course.

That group of ice is from the west, with high eyes.

Doubt is coming, I am afraid that I will meet Tianzhu.

The river beam is unlucky and the branches rustle.

Travel is climbing, Sichuan and Guangzhou can't cross.

An old lady sent her to a different county, ten doors away from the snow.

Who can ignore it for a long time, hungry.

He howled as soon as he started, and his youngest son starved to death.

I would rather give up a mourning, and the alley also sobbed.

Being ashamed of being a father led to come to a bad end.

I don't know the autumn harvest, but I am in a hurry.

Life is often tax-free, and the name is not levied.

The traces are still sour and pungent, and people are solid.

Meditate on the unemployed, because they are far away.

Worry stops in the south, and the hole cannot be broken.

translate

In Ling Du, the older I get, the less suitable I am. How stupid and ridiculous I am asking myself, I have made up my mind to be an equal with Miracle in private. This idea is unrealistic, and in the end, I hit a wall everywhere, my head turned white, but I was willing to work hard and refused to rest. One day, you cover the coffin and you can't talk anymore. As long as you don't die, your ambition can't be transferred. All the year round, I am worried and sighing for the people. When I think of their suffering, I feel anxious like a fire. Although he provoked cynicism from his contemporaries, he was even more passionate and sang without being discouraged.

I'm not going to live in seclusion. Isn't it noble to spend my life between rivers and seas? I just met a wise emperor like Yao Shun, and I couldn't bear to leave him easily and go alone. Today's imperial court, have a plenty of pillars, to build a building, don't still lack me this kind of material? But even the leaves of sunflower and epimedium are facing the sun, how can I easily get rid of my loyal nature!

Looking back, those little people like ants were just looking for a comfortable nest, and it was dark all day. Why do I envy the baizhang whale and often want to gallop in the sea? It happened that he refused to curry favor with the powerful, so he delayed his business. How can you bear to be buried in the dust when you are still down and out? I am really ashamed that I am not floating in this world like Xu You and Chao Fu. Although I feel ashamed, I don't want to change my behavior. What else can we do? I have to drink a few glasses of wine to relieve boredom, write some poems and sing loudly to relieve my troubles.

A year has passed, all kinds of vegetation have withered, and the wind is roaring, as if to sweep the mountain flat. Dark clouds fell like mountains, and the streets were gloomy. I, a lonely guest, left the capital in the middle of the night. I was covered with frost and broke my belt. I tried to tie it, but my fingers froze.

At dawn, I reached the foot of Mount Li, the height of Mount Li, where there was the imperial couch of the emperor. The cold sky was filled with fog, so I climbed the icy and frosty mountain road and slipped down in two steps. Huaqing Palace is really like the fairyland of the Empress Dowager Yaochi. In the hot springs, the heating is transpiration, and Yulin is dense. Music resounds through the vast sky, and emperors will indulge in entertainment and enjoy endless wealth.

Those who bathe in hot springs are aristocrats wearing high crowns and long tassels. There will be no ordinary people in Ma Xie attending the banquet. The dignitaries were given a lot of silks and silks, which were earned by the hard work of poor women. Their husbands and fathers-in-law, tied with whips and ropes, were blackmailed by a horse and transported to the capital by cart. The emperor distributed silks and silks to ministers in a basket, expecting them to repay their kindness and save the country and the people. If the courtiers ignore the emperor's kindness, then being an emperor does not mean losing your property in vain! The imperial court was crowded with "talents". Anyone with a little conscience should be shocked!

What's more, it is said that all the gold plates and jewels in the palace have been transferred to my uncle's hall. Fairy-like beauty dances in the class, and the light smoke-like Luo clothes can't hide the fragrance of the county. In order to keep the guests warm, mink coats, bamboo strings and jade tubes are playing wonderful music, and guests are advised to taste camel's hoof soup, oranges and kumquat, all of which come from the far south.

Rich people eat too much wine and meat and stink, but poor people freeze to death and starve to death in the streets. Just a few steps apart, there are two different worlds of bitterness and joy. The injustice in the world makes me sad and angry, and I can't talk about it anymore!

I turned the road to the north and reached the banks of Jingxing and Weihe River. The ferry at the junction of Jing and Wei changed its route again. The river is pounding the huge ice cubes, and the waves are rough. From a distance, it looks like a continuous mountain, reaching the paradise in the west. I suspect that this is the Kongtong Mountain floating from the water, and I am afraid it will break the Tianzhu!

Fortunately, the bridge on the river has not been washed away, but the bridge columns are creaking and shaking. This river is so wide, who can cross it! Regardless of the danger, the passengers had to cross the bridge hand in hand.

My wife and children live in Fengxian, and there is no one to help them. The snow all over the sky separates the family. How can you ignore the poor life of being frozen and hungry for a long time? I'm here to share the difficulties.

I heard crying when I entered the door. My little son is starving! How can I suppress my sadness? My neighbors are sobbing and crying! I can't tell you how ashamed I am inside. A father can't afford to raise his own children! Who would have expected: this autumn harvest is not bad, but poor families still can't eat!

At least I am an official and enjoy the privilege: I don't accept military service, and I don't have the burden of paying rent and paying taxes. Such a tragic experience is inevitable, and the life of ordinary people is even more bitter. Think of farmers who have lost their land, think of soldiers who are far away from the border. They are not short of food and clothes. Worrying about the country and the people is endless, how to restrain it?

Creation background

This poem is titled with the original note: "It was written at the beginning of October in the fourteenth year of Tianbao." Du Fu was awarded the right back and led Cao Cao to join the army in Chang 'an ten years later. This is a small official who looks after weapons and weapons. Shortly after assuming this post, from October to November in 755 AD (Tianbao 14th year), he visited his wife and children from Chang 'an to Fengxian (now Pucheng, Shaanxi) and wrote this poem.

Brief introduction of the author

Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, is called "Du Gongbu" and "Du Shaoling" in the world. Born in Fugong County, Henan Province (now gongyi city, Henan Province), he was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu is regarded as a "poet saint" by the world, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are called "Du Li" together. In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, that is, "Little Du Li", Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Big Du Li". He is concerned about the country and the people and has a noble personality. About 65,438+0,400 of his poems have been preserved, and his poetic skills are exquisite, and he is highly respected in Chinese classical poetry and has far-reaching influence. He lived in Chengdu from 759 to 766 and was commemorated by Du Fu's Caotang.