What is the growth cycle and main use of Phyllostachys pubescens?

This material is tough and elastic, and is widely used in construction, agriculture, furniture manufacturing and daily necessities. Whips, roots, roots, branches and reeds all have high processing value, and bamboo shoots are delicious. The "magnolia slice" made is an excellent gift. In spring, when bamboo shoots grow, they are dug. Fresh bamboo shoots are tender, crisp and delicious. Bamboo shoots can be cooked and processed into many delicious dishes. Bamboo stalk is an important woody plant. From February to late February, land preparation was selected (1). Mountain areas, hills and flat land can be afforested. It is necessary to choose deep, fertile, moist loam with good drainage and ventilation as afforestation land. Comprehensive soil preparation, and then digging a pit, the pit length 1 m, width 60 cm, depth 40 cm. Apply base fertilizer to the bottom of the pit. (2) Transplanting bamboo for afforestation. Choose mother bamboo with strong growth, dense nodes, dark green leaves, low branches, no pests and diseases, 2-4 cm in breast height and 2-3 years old. Bamboo whips should be green and yellow, flat and stout, with many roots, many buds and strong roots. Dig the mother bamboo. Generally, the curved inner side of the bamboo pole base is where the bamboo whip is located, and the bifurcation direction is roughly parallel to the direction of the bamboo whip. According to the position and direction of the bamboo whip, find the whip about 30 cm away from the mother bamboo, press the incoming whip 20-30 cm, and move the whip 40-50 cm to cut it off. After digging out the mother bamboo, leave 3-5 branches and cut off the bamboo tips. To plant mother bamboo in the well-dug woodland, it is necessary to dig deep holes and plant bamboo shallowly, and the enclosure (soil) is important and the covering (soil) should be loose. Plant 20-35 plants per mu. After planting, erect a pillar. (3) Transplant afforestation. The planting method and selection of mother bamboo are the same as transplanting afforestation, except that the bamboo pole is cut off and planted in bags. (4) Seedling tillering seedling (small mother bamboo) afforestation. Dig out tillering seedlings from the nursery, take soil, leave 3-4 packing, cut off the tip, and properly thin the leaves. In the woodland, holes are opened according to the afforestation density of 40-60 clumps per mu, and the length, width and depth of each hole are 30cm. Plant the bamboo seedlings in a cluster of 3-4 plants, firmly cover the soil, water the roots, and the planting depth is about 3 cm lower than the root area of the seedlings, and cover the soil into steamed bread to prevent water accumulation. (5) Cutting in winter. Timber bamboo forests generally leave three-degree bamboo (6-year-old) and cut four-degree bamboo. Bamboo forests with distinct years should be cut once every two years, and bamboo should not be cut when changing leaves in winter. Bamboo shoots change leaves every year, cut bamboo in winter every year, cut off young bamboo with yellow leaves, and keep new bamboo with dense leaves. There should be 150-200 plants per mu after logging. (6) Trim the hook tip to prevent snow damage. Sow and raise seedlings in March. Phyllostachys pubescens seedlings are afraid of waterlogging, drought and freezing, and are prone to pests and diseases. We should choose deep, fertile, moist and well-drained loam as nursery and make beds carefully. Soak the seeds with 0.3% potassium permanganate before sowing, disinfect for 2-4 hours and sow. Drill sowing, broadcast sowing and hole sowing can be used. The row spacing of the holes is about 30 cm, and 8- 10 seeds are evenly sown in each hole. Cover the soil with fine burnt marl and the grassland with water. When drilling holes, the spacing between strips is about 30 cm. Plant about 2 kilograms of seeds per mu. Pay attention to rats, finches, insects and earthworms after sowing. April to May 1) Bamboo Garden Management. After the bamboo seedlings are unearthed, the grass should be uncovered in batches. Spring-sown seedlings are in the sunny place, and after the grass is uncovered, a shed should be built for shade. The light transmittance is 50%-60%. Weeding and loosening the soil should be done frequently, and the soil should be cultivated and rooted properly. Transplanting over-dense bamboo seedlings with soil spacing into seedling-lacking holes in rainy days, with 1-2 plants per hole. (2) Protect bamboo shoots and raise bamboo. Winter bamboo shoots are the predecessors of spring bamboo shoots, and all of them can grow into bamboo. We shouldn't dig winter bamboo shoots to protect them. June-July (1) Bamboo Garden Management. Weed and loosen the soil, cultivate the soil and take root, and fertilize by stages. During the period of high temperature and drought, appropriate amount of water should be used for irrigation. (2) Young forest support. Weeding and loosening soil, intercropping bamboo with farmers, fertilizing and covering soil, and thinning with irrigation and drainage. (3) Forest cultivation. Mainly loosening soil and fertilizing, protecting bamboo shoots and raising bamboo. During this period, bamboo whips grow vigorously, and bamboo shoots cannot be dug, so as not to affect the spread of bamboo whips and the number of bamboo. Seed collection time is from August to September (1). When the seeds of Phyllostachys pubescens mature and fall off in August-September, they should be picked in time, dried, threshed and cleaned before shipment or storage, and dry storage should be adopted. You can also order it on demand. 3.6-6.6 thousand seeds per kilogram of shelled seeds. (2) Sow seedlings in autumn. All the seedlings will grow before frost, and after winter, greenhouses will be built to prevent cold. (3) Nursery management. Loosening soil, weeding, watering and fertilizing. In September, fertilization was stopped and the shade shed was removed. (4) Young forest support. Weeding and loosening soil, watering pregnant bamboo shoots, and promoting the expansion and growth of bamboo shoots. Control pests and diseases. Spraying 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times solution or 1: 100 bordeaux solution for two or three times every five days found that the branches and leaves of Hsinchu died. Spraying trichlorfon or marathon 1000 times solution to kill pests such as bamboo moth and bamboo locust. From June 65438+ 10 to June 165438+ 10 (1), the seedling yield was counted. In late autumn and early winter, there are several to dozens of tillering seedlings in each hole, generally 30-40 cm high, forming a small bamboo cluster. According to the number of holes and the number of seedlings per cluster, the investigation and statistics were carried out. (2) Start trimming the hook tip. The strength of hook tip should not exceed 1/3 of the total length of bamboo crown. Leave no less than 15-20 branches per plant. The main pests of Phyllostachys pubescens are bamboo moth, bamboo locust, bamboo moth, bamboo fly, bamboo elephant and so on. The first three kinds of insects eat bamboo leaves, which leads to the decrease of photosynthesis efficiency, malnutrition and bamboo shoot yield. The latter three kinds of insects harm bamboo shoots, and larvae eat bamboo shoots, which can inhibit the growth of bamboo shoots and cause rot. To control bamboo moth, bamboo locust, bamboo moth and bamboo shoot fly, trichlorfon can be sprayed or dichlorvos can be smoked. For bamboo moth and bamboo elephant, it is necessary to dig out the damaged bamboo shoots in time and kill the larvae. Loosening soil and weeding in winter can eliminate pests hidden in grass and soil. The main diseases of Phyllostachys pubescens are shoot blight and water blight. In order to prevent and control shoot blight, it is necessary to strictly quarantine the planted bamboo to eliminate the source of the disease. When bamboo shoots in Hsinchu are found to be diseased, they should be cut off immediately at 1 ~ 2 nodes below the diseased area to prevent the downward spread of pathogens. In areas with serious diseases, spraying 1% bordeaux solution or 1000 times of 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder every 10 ~ 15 days, and spraying continuously for 2 ~ 3 times. Bamboo water blight should be dug up and burned with roots and whips. And dig ditches around the diseased bamboo or ward to prevent the spread.