Dong Xiao Fu Original

The original husband Xiao Terrier was born in Qiushi, Jiangnan. Holes are smooth and rare, and the standard application is controversial. Looking at the other side of the mountain, leaning on it is very sad and uncomfortable. I am looking forward to it, and it is endless, full of fun and leisure. Relying on the earth, it will not move for a thousand years. Absorb the essence, and the color is moist and firm. I feel the change of yin and yang, and my life is attached to the emperor. The wind rustles in the wind, but it comes to an end and flows back to the river to irrigate its mountains. Su Yangbo waved a string of beads, and her voice was awkward and sad.

The morning dew cold falls to its side, and the jade liquid soaks to take its roots. Lonely and lonely cranes, compared with entertainment, spring birds play and soar. Autumn cockroaches don't eat, it's simple and long, and the mysterious ape cries sadly, so look for it. I am withdrawn, I am lonely, I am lonely. However, a closer look at its elemental body should be quiet and noisy. Fortunately, I play the flute, God bless me. It can be said that it costs nothing, because it is natural.

So the average craftsman is skilled and the princess is accurate. With ivory, it is satisfied. Spilled in a shovel, the lips are mixed; Adjacent bacteria are dazzling and row upon row; The ratio of glue to mechanical device, "No". Therefore, the husband is ignorant by nature, unable to see the body of heaven and earth, and obsessed with the appearance of black and white; Anger is gloomy and indifferent, and his eyes are confused; I think it's too comfortable, but I'm angry with my voice.

Therefore, kissing and sucking is very valuable to the husband's palace, and harmony overflows from his horse. The shape is graceful, and it blows smoothly, but it is gloomy. Next to qi, you can fly, shoot, relax and fight the law. Don't speak calmly, combine subtlety. Or chaotic gurgling, hunting like a fragment; Or it is endless, and Pei Yan competes. Li led a stubborn army, covered it up with extinction, and suddenly made a comeback.

If Xu listens to his songs, you can test his songs. You can sing, you can make peace with Luo. The wind is full of holes, but it is endless and beautiful. One-sided lotus fell into prison and drifted away for him. It is necessary to cover up its path and blend with rumors.

So, if you listen to its loud voice, it will flow around and spit, if it is a loving father's livestock. Its wonderful voice is quiet and tired, smooth and modest, and if the father is also a dutiful son. By analogy, you should be sincere, reasonable and generous. You are a strong man, gentle and honest, like a gentleman.

Therefore, the sound of martial arts is like thunder, and it is full of enthusiasm. Its benevolent voice, if the wind rages, bears and benefits. Or mixed together, or pulled away. Sad and embarrassed, sad and embarrassed, sometimes calm and arrogant. Wet is decadent, and collapsed is yang. It's sad to be pregnant. It's delicious and delicious.

Therefore, greedy people listen to it, and wolves don't worry about it. Resolutely * * * anti-benevolence, bam escape to avoid its loss. Clock, teeth, disappointment and embarrassment, Qi Liang's wife can't be angry with it. Shi Xiang and Yan Chun dare not escape their cleverness. They are immersed in it, and their uncle and son are far away from each other. Hey, stubborn, Zhu, they are all eager to regain their benefits, while Jay, Zhi and He are exhausted. Blowing injustice is moral, so it is eternal and valuable. If you play tricks, you will wander and soar, or stay and not do it, or do it and not stay. I'm in a blue sky, lost in my own field, and I'm looking at each other carefully, not asking for each other.

Therefore, those who know the sound are happy and sad, and those who don't know the sound are extremely great. Therefore, when you hear his sad voice, you will feel sad and tired, wipe your tears; If you play for pleasure, you will be afraid to spread your love. Those elegant people already have it. It's crickets that gasp; Ants are crawling and flies are lifelike. Delaying migration, the fish can see the bird's nest, turn their beaks, keep their eyes fixed, forget to eat, make the feelings of yin and yang harmonious, and turn the customs into harmony!

Chaos said: if the form is agile, it will exceed the speed and resistance, drift fast and drift skillfully. It is like a flowing wave, soaked and flooded, and tends to the road. Breathing and screaming, I can't stop, I can't stop. Stir, search, take, carefree, enthusiastic, if not good, depressed. Wandering around and hesitating is enough to worry people. The decadent Tang dynasty is gone, and the long characters are gone and cannot be recovered. Lai Meng is sanctified, calm and mean, and happy. The article is smooth and wide, and the middle part is awkward. The last poem is a song, which still lingers today. The breath is ringing, cotton is floating and there is a breeze. The endless stream turned into endless.

Tags: Selected Music Cifu China Classical Others

Appreciating Dong Xiao Fu has a certain influence on Ma Rong's Flute Fu and Ji Kang's Fu Qin. Ma Rong said in Preface to Flute Fu: "I admire flute, harp and sheng Fu, such as Mei Cheng, Liu Bokang and Fu Wuzhong, but the flute is the only one, so I talked about preparation and wrote Flute Fu." This shows its influence. When it comes to Ode to Dong Xiao, Meicheng must be mentioned. According to Selected Works, Mei Cheng should be the first author to write music, but his Ode to Sheng has long been lost, so there is no way to verify it. The first part of his Seven Hair describes music. The structure is mainly based on piano materials, musical instruments, music and so on. Wang Bao's Dong Xiao Fu can basically be regarded as an expansion of related fragments in Seven Hair, but Seven Hair is not named after music, and music is only a part of it, so Dong Xiao Fu should be the earliest extant.

The structural layout of Dong Xiao Fu is relatively complete. The author describes the origin of Xiao's production materials in detail, then writes about the meticulous work and debugging of craftsmen, then writes about the superb performance of musicians, and then writes about the effect and function of music. Dong Xiao's musical instruments were basically written in the order of "raw materials, instruments, sounds, wonderful sounds, sound sense and total praise", which became a fixed score mode later. Before the Han Dynasty, wind instruments that blow horizontally and vertically were collectively called flutes or guitars. The flute player should be a flute player, and the flute in Dong Xiao Fu should be a flute player. From Fu, "It is arrogant and moral, so it is eternal and valuable." The "jagged" in the poem also shows that the flute here is a flute, because in ancient times, the flute was also called "jagged". Paixiao means or Xiao. According to Guo Pu's note in Er Ya Shi Le, there are 23 pipes in the big flute and 16 pipes in the small flute. The following is a comprehensive analysis of the structural order of Dong Xiao Fu. (1) Raw material: "The original flute stems were born in the hills of the south of the Yangtze River." This sentence points out the origin of Zhu Xiao, that is, on the heaped-up mountain slope in the south of the Yangtze River. "Tale of Danyang" says: "The flute and bamboo were born on the riverside of Cimu Mountain in Jiangning County", and its origin has also been confirmed. Then the article describes the environment in Zhu Xiao in a long paragraph: "Look at the mountain next to you, it will be very sad and uncomfortable." I'm looking forward to it, and I'm happy to be idle. Relying on the earth, it will not move for a thousand years. Absorb the essence, and the color is moist and firm. I feel the change of yin and yang, and my life is attached to the emperor. The wind rustles in the wind, but it comes to an end and flows back to the river to irrigate its mountains. Su Yangbo waved a string of beads, and her voice was awkward and sad. The morning dew cold falls to its side, and the jade liquid soaks to take its roots. Lonely and lonely cranes, compared with entertainment, spring birds play and soar. Autumn cockroaches don't eat, but it's simple and long. The mysterious ape screams sadly and searches for almost nothing. I am withdrawn, I am lonely, I am lonely. However, if you look at its body carefully, it should be quiet and noisy. "

This passage is about mountains, water, apes and birds. Only in this environment will bamboo suitable for dizi be produced, highlighting the environment in which dizi bamboo absorbs the essence of heaven and earth and becomes a useful material. (2) making utensils "so the craftsman is clever, allowing the princess to use it, and welcoming it with ivory; This sentence mainly describes Xiao's production, including the utensils of the skillful craftsman Lu Ban, the regular number of spoons and flies, and the inlaid ivory as decoration. Later, I wrote about the players' body movements ("blowing forward gracefully") and face movements ("breathing by air"). This technique of "one drum and one contraction" on the face, cheek and pharynx should be an ancient playing method, but now it seems that this method should be unscientific. This part also uses metaphors to describe the characteristics of music, such as "or chaotic and gurgling, such as fragment hunting".

(4) The part of sound beauty mainly describes the wonderful effect of music. "It is necessary to cover up its differences and integrate with hearsay", and write the artistic effect produced by the harmonious accompaniment of human voice and flute. The following words: "So, if you listen to its loud sound, the circulation overflows and you vomit, if you are the son of a loving father, so be it." Its wonderful voice is quiet and dull, it is humble and obedient, if the father is a dutiful son. We should be honest and reasonable, be generous and not try to be brave! Gentle and honest, like a gentleman. Therefore, it is embarrassing to have a thunderous voice; Its benevolent sound is like a gale, accommodating and beneficial "describes the characteristics of its giant sound, wonderful sound, martial sound and benevolent sound respectively, and expounds the characteristics of different" musical sounds "by synaesthesia description. It is written that "Giant Sound" describes the harmonious characteristics of its human voice and flute sound with the image of "dutiful son as father". "Wu Sheng" has always been expressed by the image of "thunder and lightning". As for the character of "benevolence", it is expressed by the scene of "the wind is spreading and tolerance is beneficial", that is, the gentle south wind blows everything.

(5) The sense of sound mainly describes the listener's feelings. "Therefore, gluttonous people listen to it cheaply, and wolf criminals smell it without worrying. Resolute, strong, anti-benevolence, easy to avoid its loss ",wrote the reactions of different people after hearing such music, to illustrate the influence and enlightenment of this music. "Although the description of' bells, teeth, mourning, Qi Liang's wife can't be angry' is somewhat exaggerated, it also shows the artistic appeal of the beauty of music." Therefore, those who know each other have joy and sorrow; Those who don't know the sound are strange and big. Therefore, when you hear his sad voice, you will feel sad and tired, wipe your tears; When he plays for fun, he is not afraid to talk freely, while Anna Zan Ji Zhe describes different sound feelings from the inner feelings of people who "know" and "don't know" and the different emotional impacts caused by sad and happy voices. Later, through the description, "it is a gasping cricket." Ants and flies, flies and flies Delayed migration, fish have a bird's eye view, hanging their beaks around, staring and forgetting to eat. "Crickets, midges, ants, dragonflies and other animals have written different feelings about music and the fascinating effect of music from another angle. (6) Always praise this part.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty initiated the policy of "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone" in the ideological and cultural circles, established the orthodoxy and leading position of Confucianism, and stereotyped the autocratic thought of "unification" as the mainstream ideology. Combining with the author's life, paying more attention to the interpretation of Confucian music thought, comparing the voice with the virtue of a gentleman and the virtue of being kind to others, and expressing the author's Confucian consciousness is the exertion of Confucian music thought. Readers can always feel the influence of Confucian culture from articles.

Generally speaking, Dong Xiao's Fu created a fixed writing mode of music Fu, and after him, other Fu writers followed suit, thus establishing the status of this mode. On the other hand, the mode of "taking materials, making instruments and making sounds ..." in Dong Xiao Fu basically covers many aspects that this instrument can involve, which is not contradictory to the idea of "great unification" established by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Readers can also see the influence of Confucianism from the following details.

(1) Material selection: When describing this part, the author emphasized the steep and cold environment in which Zhu Xiao lived, namely, "the hills and gullies in the south of the Yangtze River" and "rugged". At the same time, he also wrote about the requirements of material selection, which is reflected in the description of "fluent and sparse", which is exactly the same as Confucianism's advocacy of adversity and usefulness. Of course, the author has not forgotten the role of "Lord", thus embodying the concept of class.

(2) In terms of utensils, it is required to be "elegant", that is, medium size, which conforms to the specifications of the ritual system. This is not unrelated to the hierarchical concept of the ritual system, and it is also very consistent with the ritual system from the appearance of Dong Xiao.

(3) Description of voice parts: When describing different voices, especially giant voices and wonderful voices, the characteristics of their voices are vividly displayed through the performance of benevolence and morality such as "loving father and livestock" and "dutiful son serving father".

(4) The function of sound: This part embodies the educational function respected in Confucian music thought. "Cui, stubborn, Zhu and Jun woke up with a start, and they were rebellious, upright, and anxious." This sentence is about the stubborn and cruel Danzhu, Shang Jun, Xia Jie, concubine, Yu Xia and Shen Bo who were shocked and awakened, changed their former viciousness and fell into self-reflection. "Playing the flute can have an impact on people, so long-term use is very valuable." Therefore, the enlightenment function of Confucian music thought embodied in this part is still very obvious.

Dong Xiao Fu also well reflects the social aesthetic taste of "taking sadness as beauty" in Han Dynasty. "Sadness" According to Mr. Cai Zhongde's judgment, the sadness in the Han Dynasty should refer to "sadness and joy", not the performance of music moving people and making them cry. First of all, in terms of materials, images such as "lonely crane", "autumn pheasant doesn't eat" and "mysterious ape cries sadly" are used to illustrate the sadness of Zhu Xiao's growing environment, thus laying a sad tone for the production of Zhu Xiao. Then I mentioned that blind musicians, because they were born blind, had a lot of grief and indignation in their hearts, which could only be expressed through music, so they would have the performance of "thinking too comfortably and getting angry at the sound". As for the feeling and function of music, it is mentioned in the article that "those who know the sound are happy and sad;" Those who don't know the music are strange and big, that is, only those who feel the feelings of sadness and joy are called "bosom friends". It can be seen that the author takes appreciating sadness and joy as his music aesthetic standard, which is also a major feature of music aesthetics in Han Dynasty.

In a word, "Dong Xiao Fu" provides a good example for the later creation of music Fu. In terms of description, it uses various techniques to show readers a colorful picture, including flowing mountains and rivers, musicians' performances and vivid descriptions of music sounds, giving readers beautiful enjoyment. In the aspect of music thought, this fu involves many contents of Confucian music thought, which is also the expression of the influence of the "great unity" thought in Han Dynasty. However, there are many contents involved in the description of "sound", so the inherent entertainment of music is highlighted, which is also a very important feature of his fu. The article also reflects the aesthetic taste of "taking sadness as beauty" in the Han Dynasty, thus showing the influence of the great cultural background of the Han Dynasty on the author more comprehensively.

Brief introduction of Wang Bao, the author of Dong Xiao Fu, Wang Bao in the Western Han Dynasty and his works have great influence on later generations. In the Ming Dynasty, Yang Shen not only selected Wang Bao's works in the Annals of Shu Quan Literature and Art edited by him, but also wrote a poem "The Palace of the Prince of Yuan Dynasty", which said: "Ye Wei Ganoderma lucidum is beautiful, Ziyuan algae was caught, and he talked about China. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty did not praise sages, but only taught the court to chant Dong Xiao. " In the poem, Wang Bo's talent is praised in a metaphorical way: literary talent and hair, good at ci and fu, and on a generation of outstanding talents; The whole poem expresses regret for Wang Bao and satirizes Han Zhu. There are also famous poets in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.

Wang Bao's other works ○ Crossing Hebei

Jiuhuai

○ More works by Wang Bao