What are the positions of concubines' daughters?

When concubines' daughters are old, they all want to be princesses, but there is a big difference between being favored and not being favored. For example, there are many seals, or take them in advance and postpone them. For example, Princess Linchuan, the twelfth daughter of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, was not favored by her father, and all kinds of treatment were slow.

Let's talk about Wei Xuan, Linchuan's biological mother. According to the epitaph unearthed by Wei Xuan herself, she was selected as a good family in Qin Dynasty during the Wude period, and paid a visit to the imperial concubine on April 1st of the first year of Zhenguan. However, although the epitaph says that Webster was chosen by Qin Gong as a lady, in fact, Webster was not married for the first time. Her first husband was CoCo Lee, the son of Li Zixiong, a general of the Sui Dynasty and a minister of the Ministry of Commerce.

At the end of Sui Dynasty, Li Zixiong and Yang Xuangan rebelled together. After the defeat, the father and son were killed, and Webster was a criminal family and was legally charged with being a palace maid. After Tang Gaozu ascended the throne in Chang 'an, Li Shimin became the king of Qin, and it was natural that Webster was assigned to Qin Gong as a maid of honor. In addition, although Li Yuan granted amnesty to the world after he acceded to the throne, it was the criminals who were pardoned, which was different from the release of imperial secretary Ye Ting. Webster could not be released from the palace and returned to China during the Wude period, so the epitaph said that Webster was chosen by a good family, which is obviously whitewashing. As for the statement that Li Shimin, the king of Qin, fell in love with Webster at first sight on the roadside, which is widely circulated in some articles on the Internet, it is simply nonsense.

There are even some unreliable online articles that Wei Guifei was in charge of the harem of Emperor Taizong after the death of her eldest grandson. In fact, however, even as an imperial concubine, she has no right to take charge of the harem without the instructions of the emperor.

For example, in Tang Gaozu's Wan Guifei, there is a clear record in Li Zhiyun's Biography of the Old Tang Dynasty: "My mother's name is Wan Guifei, and she is obedient by nature, especially valued by her great-grandfather. Everything in the palace is discussed, and princes and princesses are respectful. " It shows that Wan Guifei can have the qualification of "making suggestions" on harem affairs, which is "specially given by the emperor's high-impedance relatives". Without special permission, Wan, even as an imperial concubine, has no right to run the harem.

Look at Guo Guifei in Tang Xianzong. "The third minister asked Guo Guifei to be the queen, and Tang Xianzong was jealous of her age. Because the queen was so gorgeous, she was afraid of being proud of herself, so she reported it in the chapter." Although the Guo family only married one imperial concubine, his wife married before he ascended the throne. Because Tang Xianzong was afraid that his romantic courtship would be limited, he refused to make her queen. If you can take charge of the harem as an imperial concubine, then why does Tang Xianzong have to reinvent the wheel?

Besides, it is a great honor for the imperial concubine to be in charge of the harem. Even if several concubines manage the harem together, it will be recorded in the history books. Chen Houzhu's Zhang Guifei was in charge of the harem, and the fact that Mrs Xuanhua and Mrs Hua Rong were in charge of the harem at the same time was clearly recorded in the history books. His biography also specially spent some pen and ink to record his mother Pan (Liu was only a positive and negative product at that time).

Not only will it be recorded in the history books, but even the unimportant epitaph will be praised for more important things, and it will be written in detail. Even if Wei Guifei doesn't have that much authority to manage the harem, she just has some rights to participate, and her epitaph can't say nothing. For example, Sun Guifei, Zhu Yuanzhang's favorite concubine, only helped Ma Huanghou manage the harem. This incident is not only recorded in the Record of Ming Taizu, but also recorded in unofficial history's notes on the history of dynasty victory. Song Lian did not let go of this great honor when writing the epitaph of Sun Guifei: "Cheng Muguifei Sun Shi ... assisted the queen with reason and ruled the palace, salty but without complaint." . However, Wei Guifei's epitaph has long been unearthed, and there are many high-sounding words about her in the chronicle, but there is no mention of the so-called hosting of the harem. It can be seen that it is natural for modern people that Wei Guifei is in charge of the harem.

Wei Guifei is not only unloved, but also treated badly by her family and children. According to the Tang system, Wei Guifei, as a first-class princess, her mother could have been awarded the title of four-class county magistrate, but her mother never received the title of county magistrate before or after her death. It was not until Wei Guifei was very sad because of her mother's death that she "wailed, cursed and destroyed the barren land". Emperor Taizong symbolically posthumously conferred the title of Xuzhou on Wei Guifei's father Wei Yuan, but Wei Guifei's mother still failed to win the title of monarch. Wei Yuancheng was already the official minister of the Sui Dynasty, and there were two states such as Chen Zhou. The official position pursued by Emperor Taizong was far less than Wei Yuancheng's position before his death. It can be seen that Emperor Taizong's pursuit of the seal is just a perfunctory move.

Moreover, the treatment of Princess Linchuan, born to Wei Guifei and Ji Wang Shen Li, is also relatively poor among the princes and princesses who were also concubined by Emperor Taizong. Li Shen, the only son of Wei Guifei, the King of Ji, was brilliant, and his ability to handle government affairs in Xiangzhou was excellent, which was praised by the local people. However, Emperor Taizong didn't pay special attention to or reward Li Shen until Tang Gaozong Li Zhi ascended the throne and praised him greatly.

As for Wei Guifei's eldest daughter Li, she is the daughter of her ex-husband. Mother and daughter have never entered the palace together, but Li is about 20 years old, and mother Wei Guifei can't arrange her daughter's marriage independently. It was not until four years of Zhenguan that the Turks came down. In order to appease many Turkish nobles, Emperor Taizong made Li, who was still a maid of honor at that time, the monarch of Dingxiang, not the daughter of the imperial clan, and married the conference semifinals who were ranked last in the eyes of the nobles at that time.

Although some people think that the princess of Dingxiang in Feng Li is a sign that Emperor Taizong regards Dingxiang as a stepdaughter, if Emperor Taizong really regards Dingxiang as a stepdaughter, then Dingxiang should be a princess rather than a princess, just like Princess Wencheng and Princess Honghua, and it will not be clearly recorded in the epitaph that Dingxiang is just Bohai Li, "the grandson of Xiong in Sui Dynasty, the daughter of Qi." But like Princess Honghua, we should only say that she is "a native of Longxi" and "the daughter of Emperor Taizong's civil and military sages".

After Dingxiang married Zhong, Zhong was sent to the Great Wall by Emperor Taizong. Life outside the Great Wall is far more difficult than that in the Central Plains. Needless to say, the Central Plains man Dingxiang can't stand it. Even Zhong himself is unwilling to endure the hardships beyond the Great Wall. So he saw the emissary and sent him back to Chang 'an with a runny nose and tears. If Emperor Taizong really loved Wei Guifei, why did he let her daughter suffer?

Wei Guifei's second daughter is Princess Linchuan, and Princess Linchuan's life is slow because the honor she deserves is always much slower than other princesses. For example, the princess of Linchuan's age was canonized early, but Linchuan was not canonized as a princess until 18 years old, which was 13 years late. For example, in the first year of Yonghui in Tang Gaozong, other princesses were successfully named princess royal, while Linchuan princess royal was later than other sisters 19 years before being named princess royal. For example, after princess royal was sealed, many princesses had corresponding seals, ranging from 300 to 50, but Linchuan didn't get any seals.

Then why does Princess Linchuan always have to be one step behind others to get these deserved honors? This should start with her own life.

According to "Epitaph of Princess Linchuan", in the early years of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong spent the summer in Jiucheng Palace, and paid a visit to Linchuan in Chang 'an. Emperor Taizong praised it after reading it, and named it "Jiang Meng" and also "asked for the princess of Linchuan County". However, Princess Linchuan was really sealed in Zhenguan for fifteen years. "Seeking" means soon, but it took more than ten years from the beginning of Zhenguan to the fifteenth year of Zhenguan. If Emperor Taizong paid more attention to and cared about this daughter, why didn't he think of giving her the title until his daughter 18 years old after more than ten years?

Moreover, judging from historical records and unearthed letters, Princess Linchuan was officially canonized on the 20th day of the 15th year of Zhenguan, but Emperor Taizong did not stay in Chang 'an to attend the ceremony, but left Beijing for Luoyang Palace, 850 miles away as early as 18th. It is also worth mentioning that just a few days before Linchuan was canonized, that is, 15, Princess Wencheng entered Tibet. Maybe to avoid the possibility of getting married. In the fifteenth year of Zhenguan, the older princesses and princesses in the imperial clan were conferred one after another, and the married people got married one after another. For example, the 20-year-old Princess Wen 'an was canonized on the fifth day of the first month, and was married in a hurry on 14. For example, 18-year-old master of Hejing County also got married in this year. Therefore, Linchuan, which has been forgotten by her father for a long time, was chased after Princess Wencheng entered Tibet, which is also very likely related to it.

According to the epitaph, in the seventeenth year of Zhenguan, the actual fief of Linchuan increased to 350 households. Some people think that Linchuan's actual title is the same as Princess Taiping, but it is clearly recorded in the history books that Princess Taiping took two years to seal Linchuan, and it was not until after marriage that the actual title was added to 350 households.

Besides, in the seventeenth year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong made Li a prince, and Emperor Taizong was overjoyed. After three days of amnesty, officials at all levels were promoted to knighthood, which is probably the reason why Linchuan was blocked. As evidence, in the epitaph of princess royal, a new town named Princess Hengshan in the 16th year of Zhenguan, it is also recorded that there was "Tom Zeng Fu" afterwards. It can be seen that the real 350 families in Linchuan were sealed, but it was just a collective treatment of the daughters by Emperor Taizong at that time.

After Linchuan got married, he followed Xu out of Beijing to his post. It was not until Taizong died in the twenty-third year of Zhenguan that Linchuan had the opportunity to rush all the way back to Chang 'an. But after the funeral, Linchuan once again followed Xu away from the capital and went to the border. It is precisely because of this long and distant distance from Chang 'an, the capital city where I grew up, that when Linchuan left again with Zhou Daowu of Xu, what stayed in Chang 'an was reluctance, yearning and helplessness.

Speaking of Zhou Daowu of the Xu family in Linchuan, people have to have another feeling: Linchuan is the daughter of a famous princess, and Zhou Daowu of the Xu family she married is the bottom of all the Xu families who are still concubines.

Look at the same concubines as Linchuan: Xiangcheng married Xiao Yu's son Xiao Rui, Nanping married Wang Jingzhi, the son of Wang Jue, Sui 'an married Dou Kui, Baling married Pingyang Princess's son Tang, Pu 'an married her son Shi Renbiao, Dongyang married Gao Shilian's son, Qinghe married Zhijie's son, and Lanling married Dou Huaiqi.

Although Zhou Daowu of Linchuan, Ma Xu, was born in Zhoujia of Runan, he was a noble, but no matter which dynasty, Zhoujia of Runan was not a noble family, far from being comparable to Shandong gentry, Longxi nobles and Jiangnan Han people. Not to mention that other concubines are not married to the sons of the twenty-four heroes of Lingyange, or to the Empress Tai Mu Dou and the eldest grandson, or to the descendants of Jingzhao Webster and Duguxin, whose family background is far beyond the reach of the Zhou family in Runan.

Even Xu Shiren, Princess of Pu 'an, whose father Shi Danai was a Turk, made great contributions to the establishment of the Tang Dynasty with Tang Gaozu in his early years. He is not only a hero in Yuan Zaju, but also has made great achievements with Li Shimin in all aspects. Therefore, during the Zhenguan period, Shi Danai was already an authentic Tang Dynasty, but its nationality was Turkic, which was absolutely different from the Turks who surrendered due to Zhenguan's defeat four years ago.

However, there are separate biographies in the two Tang books, while Zhou Daowu's father Zhou is rarely mentioned in the old Tang books, and there are only a few words in the new Tang books, not even an independent biography; Was made a Lord protector, and Zhou was just a county magistrate. It was listed as the first contributor to the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), but Zhou did not.

According to historical records, Zhou Daowu grew up in the palace as the son of a hero, but Zhou Daowu was able to live in the palace because of his heroic status, not because of Zhou's personal reasons. In addition, during the Zhenguan period, there were still many heroes who contributed more than Zhou. It can be seen that Zhou Daowu was able to live in the palace, but it was just the treatment of the son of the hero.

At the same time, Zhou repeatedly emphasized in his epitaph that he was a hero and won the attention of the emperor. However, it is no longer news that epitaphs in the Tang Dynasty always love to paste gold. If Zhou really made a great contribution, why didn't historians list him separately in the history books? Why didn't Zhou Lian, who made such outstanding contributions to Lingyange, seal it, and even Zhou was not seen in the list of the first heroes of the founding of the People's Republic of China promulgated by the emperor in the future?

Thus, Zhou Daowu's family background is indeed the worst of all Xu Ma.

Look at Linchuan's epitaph again, especially the paragraph "It is difficult to clear the encirclement with a horse, and the princess entered Beijing to accompany her, so the journey became longer, so she set up a secluded state house". It can be seen that Linchuan's life seems to be stable, but behind it is invisible desolation.

After Lin Chuan got married, she went to the local office with her husband. She was the only princess among the sisters who was far away from Chang 'an when Emperor Taizong was alive. It was not until Taizong died in the twenty-third year of Zhenguan that Linchuan had a chance to return to Beijing. Even when he was nearly 60 years old, he had to work hard with Xu in Yingzhou, a small border town 3589 miles away from Chang 'an, and could not enjoy the family happiness of his children and grandchildren.

When Linchuan finally waited for Xu to return to Beijing with a letter, he fell ill halfway in Youzhou. Zhou Daowu was so focused on official business that he could not stay with the princess all the time. Only the eldest son (Duke Longzhou) and the fourth son Zhou Jitong (left) from Linchuan can visit occasionally to comfort Linchuan's lovesickness. Three years later, Linchuan finally died in a foreign land 2520 miles northeast of Chang 'an.

It is precisely because I have been living far away from Beijing for many years and fighting to defend the frontier. As I grow older, I miss my relatives in Chang 'an and yearn for the prosperous capital. These feelings gradually engulfed Linchuan. In addition, I should have won the title of princess royal as early as the first year of Yonghui, and it has not been sealed yet. During the period of Tang Gaozong, Linchuan had to start writing again, in order to follow the example of paying tribute to Emperor Taizong, and presented a poem "The Book of Filial Piety" to Tang Gaozong. But at least after waiting for 19 years, that is, when General Zhang was two years old, Princess Linchuan finally got the coveted seal of princess royal's imperial edict. As for the real seal, it is clearly stated in the letter that "the seal remains unchanged", which means that Linchuan was not sealed because it entered princess royal.

In fact, it is precisely because Princess Linchuan was not canonized as princess royal that when this matter was mentioned in the epitaph, it was only a rough mention of the words "princess royal was blocked and also came from the DPRK", which was not an honor at all.

Based on the records in the epitaph and the simple deeds in the history books, Princess Linchuan finally left the impression that she lived through the Tang Taizong and Tang Gaozong Dynasties, and her life was not rich, but she could give full play to her talents and seize the favorable opportunity to write praises on the table when facing every emperor.

The reason why Princess Linchuan has these seemingly smooth but helpless actions is completely forced by reality. After all, Wei Guifei, the biological mother of Princess Linchuan, is not allowed to spoil Emperor Taizong, and the ancient popular children are valued by their mothers. If their biological mother is not spoiled, it will be difficult for their children to be loved by their fathers. As a princess who has suffered a cold reception, and as a princess who is slower than other sisters everywhere in her life, Princess Linchuan should naturally be good at managing these catering methods.